Unjournal: Public journal-independent evaluation of impactful research https://www.unjournal.org/
The Unjournal (unjournal.org) is a nonprofit that commissions (and pays) experts to publicly evaluate and rate publicly-hosted research. It prioritizes globally-impactful work in economics and quantitative social science. It doesn’t charge for anything and it’s all open-access: you can see the evaluation output at https://unjournal.pubpub.org/
[#]science #PeerReviewing #metascience
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Ten Percent Of U.S. High School Students Graduating Without Basic Object Permanence Skills
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ssjokgx0pUQ
[#]funny
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Exclusive: German ambassador warns of Trump plan to redefine constitutional order, document shows https://www.reuters.com/world/us/german-ambassador-warns-trump-plan-redefine-constitutional-order-document-shows-2025-01-18/
Germany's ambassador to the United States has warned that the incoming Trump administration will rob U.S. law enforcement and the media of their independence and hand big tech companies "co-governing power", according to a confidential document seen by Reuters.
"Basic democratic principles and checks and balances will be largely undermined, the legislature, law enforcement and media will be robbed of their independence and misused as a political arm, Big Tech will be given co-governing power,"
[#]uspol #politics #trump
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David Lynch 1946-2025
"We are like the spider. We weave our life and then move along in it. We are like the dreamer who dreams and then lives in the dream. This is true for the entire universe."
– Brihadaranyaka Upanishad (sometimes quoted by David Lynch)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bTGhEzBkqA0&list=OLAK5uy_mXoCszLQYRU4o5HquCcT2bLdWELuNIISY&index=11
[#]Lynch #DavidLynch #music
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Plants the world over are absorbing about 31% more carbon dioxide than previously thought.
Cornell University & Oak Ridge National Laboratory used new models and measurements to assess GPP (Gross Primary Production) from the land at 157 petagrams of carbon per year, up from an estimate of 120 petagrams established 40 years ago and currently used in most estimates of Earth’s carbon cycle.
Terrestrial photosynthesis inferred from plant carbonyl sulfide uptake
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-08050-3
Press release: Plant CO2 uptake rises by nearly one third in new global estimates https://www.ornl.gov/news/plant-co2-uptake-rises-nearly-one-third-new-global-estimates
I have questions: If we increase CO2 but available nutrients stay the same, how it affects plants and herbivores?
Is the situation analogous to humans who eat too much carbs but don't get enough nutrients? Less nutrients per kg? Does vulnerability to plant diseases increase?
[#]climateChange #CO2 #botany #biology
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Answer: Theoretical physics, Cosmohedra, a geometric object underlying the cosmological wavefunction for Tr(ϕ3) theory.
Cosmohedra
https://arxiv.org/abs/2412.19881
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Sunday puzzle. Guess the field of study just by looking at illustrations.
[#]mathematics #geometry
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A Movement That’s Quietly Reshaping Democracy For The Better
Citizens’ assemblies can help us better address societal challenges, overcome polarization and strengthen trust.
https://www.noemamag.com/a-movement-thats-quietly-reshaping-democracy-for-the-better/
[#]democracy #DeliberativeDemocracy
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Who would have won the Simon-Ehrlich bet over different decades, and what do long-term prices tell us about resource scarcity?
https://ourworldindata.org/simon-ehrlich-bet
[#]economics #growth
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Xinyu Guan et al, rStar-Math: Small LLMs Can Master Math Reasoning with Self-Evolved Deep Thinking, arXiv (2025).
https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.04519
Microsoft introduces rStar-Math, an SLM for math reasoning and problem solving
https://techxplore.com/news/2025-01-microsoft-rstar-math-slm-problem.html
"small language models (SLMs) can rival or even surpass the math reasoning capability of OpenAI o1, without distillation from superior models. rStar-Math achieves this by exercising "deep thinking" through Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS), where a math policy SLM performs test-time search guided by an SLM-based process reward model."
[#]AI #SLM #LLM
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NVIDIA Project DIGITS: A Grace Blackwell AI Supercomputer on your desk. https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/project-digits/
$3000 seems like a reasonable price for 1 petaflop FP4 home research workstation if you run it 24/7. Assuming electricity cost ~550 (€/$) per year, amortized over five years (3000+5×550) / (5×8760h) = 0.13 cents per hour.
[#]workstation #nvidia #linux #GPU #compute #deepLearning #AI
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Elektročas HH3 - the most accurate pendulum clock on the planet
https://dvaluch.web.cern.ch/hh3/
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Microsoft and OpenAI have contractual definition of AGI.
https://techcrunch.com/2024/12/26/microsoft-and-openai-have-a-financial-definition-of-agi-report/ The need for definition is because Microsoft loses access to OpenAI’s technology when the startup reaches AGI.
"The two companies reportedly signed an agreement last year stating OpenAI has only achieved AGI when it develops AI systems that can generate at least $100 billion in profits."
That's Saudi Aramco, Apple, Alphabet, level profits. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_largest_corporate_profits_and_losses
Currently OpenAI loses billions annually, and tells investors it won’t turn a profit until 2029.
I think Microsoft made a good bet.
[#]AGI #AI #Microsoft #OpenAI #business #economics
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Comparing cooperative geometric puzzle solving in ants versus humans https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZHpu7ngQxwE
"Our results exemplify how simple minds can easily enjoy scalability while complex brains require extensive communication to cooperate efficiently."
https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2414274121
"we compared how individuals and groups of either ants or people tackle an identical geometrical puzzle. We find that when ants work in groups, their performances rise significantly. Groups of people do not show such improvement and, when their communication is restricted, even display deteriorated performances."
[#]cognition #swarmIntelligence #collectiveIntelligence #cooperation #biology #ants
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Commercial tea bags release millions of microplastics when in use
https://www.uab.cat/web/newsroom/news-detail/-1345830290613.html?detid=1345940427095
polymer-based commercial tea bags release millions of nanoplastics and microplastics when infused. The study shows for the first time the capacity of these particles to be absorbed by human intestinal cells, and are thus able to reach the bloodstream and spread throughout the body.
Banaei G, Abass D, Tavakolpournegari A, Martín-Pérez J, Gutiérrez J, Peng G, Reemtsma T, Marc R, Hernández A, García-Rodríguez A. Teabag-derived micro/nanoplastics (true-to-life MNPLs) as a surrogate for real-life exposure escenaris. Chemosphere. 2024. 368:143736. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143736.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0045653524026377?via%3Dihub
Sorry for ruining your teatime. Loose tea users may hug and kiss the nearest tea caddy.
[#]tea #microplastics
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REVIEW Twenty years of microplastic pollution research—what have we learned? https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adl2746 "The environmental burden of microplastics continues to grow, so a combination of scientific, economic, and social interventions will be necessary to curb that growth."
OECD REPORT Policy Scenarios for Eliminating Plastic Pollution by 2040 https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/policy-scenarios-for-eliminating-plastic-pollution-by-2040_76400890-en.html "Global growth in plastics production and use will continue to outpace population growth."
[#]microplastics #pollution #health #environment #OECD #policy
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A synthetic protein-level neural network in mammalian cells
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.add8468
Bringing neural networks to life
A synthetic protein-based winner-take-all neural network controls cell fate decisions
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adu1327
Chen et al. describe a protein-level synthetic circuit framework that implements a “winner-take-all” neural network capable of classifying the relative abundance of multiple inputs to modify the circuit output. This network replicates various classification circuits by adjusting the relative concentrations of a few components. By connecting this circuit to molecular pathways that regulate apoptosis, the authors demonstrate the promise of this approach for programming cell fate outcomes. This could be extended to design complex neural circuits that augment the computational capacity of cells.
perceptein: a combination of protein and perceptron.
biorxiv:
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.07.10.499405v1.full.pdf
https://phys.org/news/2024-12-perceptein-protein-based-artificial-neural.html
[#]neuralNetworks #biochem #systemsbiology #proteins #cellbiology
[#]bioengineering #technology
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Shape, Symmetries, and Structure: The Changing Role of Mathematics in Machine Learning Research by Henry Kvinge
https://thegradient.pub/shape-symmetry-structure/
Maths and statistics struggle to provide immediate insight into the latest ML breakthroughs. The role of mathematics is evolving. It's use is shifting to higher-level such as matching architecture to underlying task structure or data symmetries..
In other worlds, fiber your bundles.
Some recent papers from the author seem relevant to the essay:
Machines and Mathematical Mutations: Using GNNs to Characterize Quiver Mutation Classes https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.07467
Machine Learning meets Algebraic Combinatorics: A Suite of Datasets to Accelerate AI for Mathematics Research
https://openreview.net/pdf?id=KQ1gI5qzAf
What Makes a Machine Learning Task a Good Candidate
for an Equivariant Network
https://openreview.net/pdf?id=46vfUIfIo1
[#]ML #MachineLearning #mathematics
[#]categoryTheory
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The Power of Norms
https://xphi.net/2024/12/12/the-power-of-norms/
A Common view about the power of norms is that they work by having an impact on beliefs. People conclude that certain options are bad.
Knobe argues that norms work by removing possibilities that can occur in the mind. When an option violates a norm, people tend not to think about it all.
"When we are truly in the grip of a norm, it’s not just that the norm impacts what we think of an option – it’s that it impacts which options we even think of at all."
[#]philosophy #psychology
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The Dimensions of dimensionality
https://www.cell.com/trends/cognitive-sciences/fulltext/S1364-6613(24)00189-X#
Globally interpretable feature dimensions are one property, among others like prediction performance and compactness, that researchers can prioritize when inferring latent representations.
Multidimensional representational spaces can capture complex structures such as hierarchical relationships, lexical entailment, and compositional features.
Superficially different representations, such as graphs and multidimensional data, can capture the same structural relationships under appropriate settings.
The dimensionality of a representation conveys relatively little information on its own.
[#]representation #dimensionality #cogsci #ml #datascience
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