During the Martian winter, temperatures drop so low that carbon dioxide turns to snow and falls from the atmosphere to collect in a thin layer at the poles. When spring arrives on Mars, the carbon dioxide ice warms and turns into vapor, causing huge plumes of gas to erupt through the ice. This throws darker material into the surrounding regolith. This image of the process was captured by NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter in October 2018.
https://www.nasa.gov/image-article/geyser-season-on-mars/
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