Greetings to all,
We're in a very special time of the year. The solstice is gone, days begin to grow longer, the year comes to an end, and we get ready to start a new one. However, today is the most special day of these holidays. Some of you will wonder why.
Today it is 25th of December, and as you all know it is the birthday of someone very, very special. We owe him many of the things we have, yet we take this for granted. It is thanks to him that the modern world is what it is. I'm referring, of course, to the 382nd anniversary of the birth of Isaac Newton. Thanks to him and his great work, Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica, we have at hand physical laws dressed in the glorious language of mathematics which ground this technological world we live in. Newton is not responsible for those laws, nor his ultimate discoverer, but he is the first who managed to quantify them to place them at the service of humanity. It is for this reason that he serves as the personalised symbol for a celebration of a universe which is comprehensible and knowable.
Although today we know these laws not to be exact, they suffice to reach the moon. Let us remember them, for they are everyone's birthright:
Lex I: Corpus omne perseverare in statu suo quiescendi vel movendi uniformiter in directum, nisi quatenus a viribus impressis cogitur statum illum mutare.
Law I: Every body persists in its state of being at rest or of moving uniformly straight forward, except insofar as it is compelled to change its state by an exerted force.
Lex II: Mutationem motus proportionalem esse vi motrici impressae, et fieri secundum lineam rectam qua vis illa imprimitur.
Law II: The change of momentum of a body is proportional to the motive force exerted, and happens along the straight line on which the force is realised.
Lex III: Actioni contrariam semper et æqualem esse reactionem: sive corporum duorum actiones in se mutuo semper esse æquales et in partes contrarias dirigi.
Law III: There is to an action always an equal and opposite reaction: or the forces of two bodies on each other are always equal and are directed towards opposite sides.
Let us celebrate the existence of physical laws. Happy Newtonmas!
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