It took Liz Truss 45 days to crash a country's economy. I guess the race is on to see if that is a record that can be beat.
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In which the potential for AI to address the "productivity crisis" is examined by looking at AI adoption in Canadian firms 2020-2021. (Time period doesn't include ChatGPT, introduced 2022). Findings are that productivity gains from AI adoption are inconclusive (neither strong positive or negative relationship). No significant relationship was found between AI adoption and Total Factor Productivity levels or growth. Firms that did adopt AI were already more productive than those firms who didn't.
33/ #365papers
Waiting for Takeoff: The short-term impact of AI adoption on firm productivity
https://dais.ca/reports/waiting-for-takeoff/
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In which the impact of AI usage on cognitive skills is assessed. Cognitive offloading uses external tools to assist in reducing cognitive load, allowing reduced memory use and lighter engagement with a problem. Study finds 17-25 year olds higher AI tool usage and cognitive offloading and lower critical thinking scores. Frequent users of AI show dependence on these tools, reduced ability to problem solve, and show concerns over the transparency and bias of AI answers. Also, have some awareness of their dependency and reduced skills. Those with higher education sometimes fact check AI answers.
32/ #365papers
AI Tools in Society: Impacts on Cognitive Offloading and the Future of Critical Thinking
https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4698/15/1/6
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In which rates and impacts of bike theft in the US are estimated. About 2.4 million bikes are stolen annually, $1.4 billion in value. Those of lower income, African Americans or Asian Americans experience higher rates than other groups.
31/ #365papers
Bicycle Theft in the US: Magnitude and Equity Impacts
https://findingspress.org/article/127974-bicycle-theft-in-the-us-magnitude-and-equity-impacts
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In which research about how people change their beliefs about climate change provides a framework to facilitate greater acceptance of reality. Multiple theories try to explain why people adopt beliefs or are resistant to shifting their views. Process of shifting required a few steps. First is distancing from the community that influenced initial beliefs. Second, a desire to seek out information. Finally, the shift happened either gradually or as an epiphany. Interpersonal conversations can be influential in opinion shifts.
30/ #365papers
How do people change their beliefs about climate change? A qualitative study on opinion shift in the U.S. Midwest
https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10584-024-03835-x
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I read this back in 2018 and it was unsettling then. It is terrifying seeing how quickly the worst parts of this are coming to pass: https://bookwyrm.social/book/9986/s/the-fifth-risk
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In which the Microsoft AI Red Team evaluates the safety and security of 100 GenAI Microsoft products. Findings are that very simple methods generally work well (often better than sophisticated methods) to attack AI systems. AI harms are pervasive but hard to measure. LLMs add an extra level of security risks in addition to making existing ones worse. It will likely never be possible to secure AI systems. None of this seems like great news as everybody rushes to embed GenAI in everything.
29/ #365papers
Lessons From Red Teaming 100 Generative AI Products
https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.07238
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In which the evolution of bicycle technology is detailed, frame types, pedal mechanisms, chain technologies, hub gears, etc. Source of the famous graph showing efficiency in traveling animals and machines, bicycle transport the lowest cost (calories per gram per kilometer) compared to birds, mammals, air-planes, motor vehicles.
https://www.futilitycloset.com/2018/11/14/efficiency-2/
Ends with the message: "If one were to give a short prescription for dealing rationally with the world's problems of development, transportation, health and the efficient use of resources, one could do worse than the simple formula: Cycle and recycle."
28/ #365papers
Bicycle Technology by S.S Wilson (1973)
https://www.jstor.org/stable/24923004
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In which the 'The Air Pollution Model' (TAPM) is used to test the heat mitigation effectiveness of green and cool roofs (high albedo) in Melbourne as measured by apparent temperature. Mix of 25/75% green/cool roof best or reduce max air temperature. 50/50 green/cool best reductions of minimum and average air temperature. 50/50 also best for apparent temperature reductions.
27/ #365papers
Feasibility of Using Green Roofs and Cool Roofs for Extreme Heat Mitigation in Melbourne, Australia
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-63203-7_14
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In which the reasons behind stagnating (and declining in recent years) life expectancies (over 1970-2014) in the US are examined. Highly associated with policies at a state level, with conservative states showing a reduction in life expectancies. If the liberal state policies had been in place across all states, life expectancies would be 2.8 and 2.1 years longer for woman and men. Policy categories include abortion, campaign finance, civil rights, criminal justice, education, environment, gun control, health/welfare, housing/transport, immigration, labor, taxes, and voting. Would be interesting to see the results from an analysis that also included COVID-19 (very deadly in red states).
26/ #365papers
US State Policies, Politics, and Life Expectancy
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1468-0009.12469
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Finally, after a week of trying, finally saw the comet, C/2024 G4 (Atlas). Most of the week was too cloudy and it has gotten very dim, so this will probably be the best I'll do. 26 January 2025 21:52 from Fairhaven, VIC.
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In which the (generally ignored) social and environmental impacts of generative artificial intelligence are discussed. Hardware (GPUs) and operations require huge amounts of minerals, energy, and water, followed by subsequent e-waste. Social impacts include noise, real estate space, electricity prices, and mining impacts. Authors recommend better quantification (transdisciplinary) of the lifecycle impacts and political and regulatory pressure to ensure these disclosures.
25/ #365papers
A social-environmental impact perspective of generative artificial intelligence
https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2666498424001340
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In which the stability of core political predispositions over a life-span are examined. Study (in 1999) covered the period 1940 to 1977, beginning at about age 30. Racial prejudices (antiblack attitudes) show remarkable persistence over a lifetime and their impacts on partisan alignments. Essentially, both remain stable throughout.
24/ #365papers
Evidence of the Long-Term Persistence of Adults' Political Predispositions
https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.2307/2647773
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In which, the heat wave gap metric (time between two adjacent heat waves) was calculated for 1961-90 and 1991-2020 in New York City. Findings are that the gaps on average decreased by 15-41%. Number of shorter gaps (less than 5 days) increased 33-300% while longer gaps stayed roughly constant. Slight changes in typical atmospheric flow patterns are associated with the shortening gaps.
23/ #365papers
Long-term trends in heat wave gaps for the New York City metropolitan area
https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2212095524004449
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In which the patterns of misinformation and relationships between party politics in 26 Western countries are examined using 32 million Tweets. Findings are that populism is not specifically associated with misinformation. Generally not spread by right-wing parties or left-wing populists, but very associated with radical right-wing populists parties. Used as agenda-setting and control over public attention. Goals of left and right-wing populists are different, grievances against the "elite" vs seeking to overthrow democracy and replace with authoritarian leaders.
22/ #365papers
When Do Parties Lie? Misinformation and Radical-Right Populism Across 26 Countries
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/19401612241311886
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In which thoughts on the new emerging field of spatial data science are discussed. Perhaps an extension of geoinformatics, with a huge increase in data sources and new methods to analyze using machine learning. Work often by people who do not have traditional geospatial backgrounds. So, how should teaching in this new field be done and how should course work be designed?
21/ #365papers
Teaching spatial data science
https://journals.aau.dk/index.php/gfp/article/view/8383
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In which themes from billboards around new residential suburbs in outer Melbourne are used to examine the Australian Dream of suburban home ownership. How do residents of these mass produced housing developments create communities (not a priority of planners and developers)? Infrastructure often lacking, reflected in lots of cars and car dependency. Some reflection of culture in outdoor ornamentation. Extensive lawns mostly replaced by tiny fake grass front lawns. Has the home become a focus for anxiety and alienation rather than a refuge from them?
20/ #365papers
The (re)enchantment of suburbia: Mediation of the production and consumption of Melbourne’s outer suburbs
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/00420980241293042
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In which appropriative signification (co-opting language of protest) is being used as a tactic to maintain fossil fuel dependency. Mixed up with petro-masculinity, white patriarchy, and microfascism. Language such as "black lives matter" reformulated into "oil lives matter", and that fossil fuel usage is doing your patriotic duty, further overlaid with messages of white supremacy and racism and claims of victimization and "woke" agendas. Dystopian tactics but also perhaps indications of defensiveness from a dying industry.
19/ #365papers
Oil, life, and everyday fossil fascism: appropriative signification in U.S. petroleum supremacy
https://academic.oup.com/ccc/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ccc/tcae055/7950795
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In which gender and weather are considered in their impacts on active travel in Sydney. Male cyclists outnumber female 3-1 (greater imbalance than with walking). More cyclists and pedestrians on sunny days (especially sensitive with cyclists). Most active at afternoon peak hours. However, none of these factors shifted the gender ratios.
18/ #365papers
Gender, Weather, and Time of Day: Active Travel Observations in Greater Sydney
https://findingspress.org/article/127019-gender-weather-and-time-of-day-active-travel-observations-in-greater-sydney
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In which parking lots are found to have a large negative impact on walkability. Objective scores are 3.5x less than pedestrian/bike path segments. Subjective assessments are not attractive and feel unsafe to walk in. Must walk through a parking lot to reach most buildings. Adding some pedestrian features (enclosure, tree cover, traffic control devices) can make parking lots slightly less bad.
17/ #365papers
The Negative Impact of Parking Lots on Walkability
https://findingspress.org/article/127106-the-negative-impact-of-parking-lots-on-walkability
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text/gemini
