A Beautiful Gemini Client
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=> 2024-12-10 Updated AppData for 1.18.4 — 🔖 v1.18.4 | 2024-12-10 Merge branch 'dev' into release | 2024-12-10 Android: Bumped version to 1.18 (Beta 36); updated release notes | 2024-12-10 Added new app icon variants | 2024-12-10 Android: Edge swipes disable by default | 2024-12-10 iOS: Updated version history; bumped version to 1.18 (7) | 2024-12-10 CMake: Update minimum version | 2024-12-10 Updated language strings | More...
Lagrange is a cross-platform client for browsing Geminispace. It offers modern conveniences familiar from web browsers, such as smooth scrolling, inline image viewing, multiple tabs, visual themes, Unicode fonts, bookmarks, history, and page outlines.
Like Gemini, Lagrange has been designed with minimalism in mind. It depends on a small number of essential libraries. It is written in C and uses SDL for hardware-accelerated graphics. OpenSSL is used for secure communications.
=> Lagrange window open on URL "about:lagrange"
=> Geminispace | SDL | OpenSSL
about:help in the app, or see help.gmi
=> help.gmi
Prebuilt binaries for Windows, macOS (10.13 or later) and Linux can be found in Releases. You can also find Lagrange on Flathub for Linux.
On macOS you can install and upgrade via Homebrew:
brew install --cask lagrange
Please check MacPorts if you are using macOS 10.12 or older.
On Fedora and any RHEL/CentOS Stream 8 and 9 derivatives (RHEL, CentOS Stream, Alma, Rocky) that have the EPEL repos enabled:
sudo dnf install lagrange
On openSUSE Tumbleweed:
sudo zypper install lagrange
Using GNU Guix:
guix install lagrange
=> Releases | Lagrange on Flathub for Linux | MacPorts
You need a POSIX-compatible environment to compile Lagrange.
The required tools are a C11 compiler (e.g., Clang or GCC), CMake, pkg-config, and zip. Additional tools are required if HarfBuzz and GNU FriBidi are also compiled as part of the build (see next section for details).
git clone --recursive --branch release https://git.skyjake.fi/gemini/lagrangebrew install cmake automake sdl2 openssl@1.1 pcre libunistring fribidi * on Ubuntu: sudo apt install cmake zip libsdl2-dev libssl-dev libpcre3-dev zlib1g-dev libunistring-dev libfribidi-dev * on Fedora: sudo dnf install cmake zip SDL2-devel openssl-devel pcre-devel zlib-devel libunistring-devel fribidi-develmpg123, on Ubuntu it is libmpg123-dev, and on Fedora it is mpg123-devel.cmake {path_of_lagrange_sources} -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Releasecmake --build .lagrange, lagrange.exe, or Lagrange.app.=> Releases | the_Foundation
Lagrange relies on the HarfBuzz and GNU FriBidi libraries for handling complex scripts and bidirectional text. This repository includes these two libraries as submodules. By default, if HarfBuzz and GNU FriBidi are not available on the system, they will be compiled as part of the app without any additional dependencies.
Note that compiling these libraries has the following requirements:
If these requirements cannot be met, or you would prefer the use the system-provided HarfBuzz and GNU FriBidi, please refer to the list of build options below: ENABLE_HARFBUZZ_MINIMAL and ENABLE_FRIBIDI_BUILD should both be set to NO. Note that a system-provided HarfBuzz likely has dependencies to other libraries, such as FreeType and GLib.
You also may disable HarfBuzz and/or GNU FriBidi entirely. The old text renderer that only supports non-complex left-to-right scripts is then used.
=> HarfBuzz | GNU FriBidi | Meson | Ninja
By default, the compiled app will be installed to a system-wide location determined by CMake.
Set CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX to install to a directory of your choosing:
cmake {path_of_lagrange_sources} -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/dest/pathcmake --build . --target installNote that the install target also deploys an XDG .desktop file for launching the app.
| CMake Option | Description |
| ------------ | ----------- |
| ENABLE_CUSTOM_FRAME | Draw a custom window frame. (Only on Microsoft Windows.) The custom frame is more in line with the visual style of the rest of the UI, but does not implement all of the native window behaviors (e.g., snapping, system menu). |
| ENABLE_DOWNLOAD_EDIT | Allow changing the Downloads directory via the Preferences dialog. This should be set to OFF in sandboxed environments where downloaded files must be saved into a specific place. |
| ENABLE_GUI | Build the GUI application (the default). |
| ENABLE_IDLE_SLEEP | Sleep in the main thread instead of waiting for events. On some platforms, when using SDL 2.0.16 or earlier, SDL_WaitEvent() may have a relatively high CPU usage. Setting this to ON polls for events periodically but otherwise keeps the main thread sleeping, reducing CPU usage. The drawback is that there is a slightly increased latency reacting to new events after idle mode ends. |
| ENABLE_FRIBIDI | Use the GNU FriBidi library for processing bidirectional text. FriBidi implements the Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm to determine text directions. |
| ENABLE_FRIBIDI_BUILD | Compile the GNU FriBidi library as part of the build. If set to OFF, pkg-config is used instead to locate the library. |
| ENABLE_HARFBUZZ | Use the HarfBuzz library for shaping Unicode text. This is required for correctly rendering complex scripts and combining glyphs. If disabled, a simplified text shaping algorithm is used that only works for non-complex languages like English. |
| ENABLE_HARFBUZZ_MINIMAL | Build the HarfBuzz library with all dependencies disabled. Useful when building the app for distribution so that the number of deployed dependencies will be minimized. A system-provided version of HarfBuzz is likely built with dependencies on FreeType and ICU at least. If set to OFF, pkg-config will be used to find HarfBuzz. | | ENABLE_IPC | Instances of the Lagrange executable communicate via signals or (on Windows) a system-provided IPC mechanism. This is used for controlling an existing Lagrange window via the CLI. If set to OFF, each instance of the app runs without knowledge of other instances. This may cause them to overwrite each other's runtime files. |
| ENABLE_KERNING | Use kerning information in the fonts to adjust glyph placement. Setting this ON improves text appearance in subtle ways but slows down text rendering. It may be a good idea to set this to OFF when running on a slow CPU. This option only affects the simple built-in text renderer, and has no effect on HarfBuzz. |
| ENABLE_MOBILE_PHONE | Use the mobile phone UI variant. This replaces the sidebars with a sliding sheet and has other touch-friendly features. Settings and dialogs are presented as form-based sheets. |
| ENABLE_MOBILE_TABLET | Use the tablet UI variant. Sidebars are available as on the desktop, but Settings and dialogs are presented as form-based sheets. |
| ENABLE_MPG123 | Use the mpg123 library for decoding MPEG audio files. |
| ENABLE_OPUS | Use the opusfile library for decoding Opus audio files. |
| ENABLE_RELATIVE_EMBED | Locate resources only in relation to the executable. Useful when any system/predefined directories are not supposed to be accessed, e.g., in the Windows portable build. |
| ENABLE_STATIC | Link dependencies statically. |
| ENABLE_TUI | Build the TUI application (clagrange). The SEALCurses library is required (it replaces SDL); check that the lib/sealcurses submodule is checked out. |
| ENABLE_WEBP | Use libwebp to decode .webp images, if pkg-config can find the library. |
| ENABLE_WINDOWPOS_FIX | Set correct window position after the window has already been shown. This may be necessary on some platforms to prevent the window from being restored to the wrong position. |
| ENABLE_X11_SWRENDER | Default to software rendering when running under X11. By default Lagrange attempts to use the GPU for rendering the user interface. You can also use the --sw option at launch to force software rendering. |
| ENABLE_X11_XLIB | Use the Xlib API directly under X11. This is used for window decoration color theming, for example. |
Lagrange has a text-mode interface that enables running the app in a terminal. However, it is mutually exclusive with the graphical interface, which means that the GUI and TUI are built as separate executables. By default, the TUI is disabled in the build settings. Set the ENABLE_TUI option to YES to build the TUI executable. If the GUI is not needed, you can also set ENABLE_GUI to NO. The TUI executable is called clagrange.
In the TUI build, SDL is replaced with a library called SEALCurses that implements a subset of the SDL API on top of Curses. The requirements for building the TUI are otherwise the same as with the GUI, except HarfBuzz, FriBidi, and all the image and audio dependencies will not be used.
=> SEALCurses | Curses
When using OpenSSL from Homebrew, you must add its pkgconfig path to your PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable, for example:
export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/opt/homebrew/Cellar/openssl@1.1/1.1.1i/lib/pkgconfig
Also, SDL's trackpad scrolling behavior on macOS is not optimal for regular GUI apps because it emulates a physical mouse wheel. This may change in a future release of SDL, but at least in 2.0.14 (and earlier) a small patch is required to allow momentum scrolling to come through as single-pixel mouse wheel events. Note that SDL comes with an Xcode project; use the "Shared Library" target and check that you are doing a Release build.
=> small patch
Windows builds require MSYS2. In theory, Clang or GCC (on MinGW) could be set up natively on Windows for compiling everything, but the_Foundation still lacks Win32 implementations for the Socket and Process classes and these are required by Lagrange. Cygwin is a possible alternative to MSYS2, although Cygwin builds have not been tested.
You should use a version of the SDL 2 library that is compiled for native Windows (i.e., the MSVC variant) instead of the version from MSYS2 or MinGW. You can download a copy of the SDL binaries from libsdl.org. To make configuration easier in your MSYS2 environment, consider writing a custom sdl2.pc file so pkg-config can automatically find the correct version of SDL. Below is an example of what your sdl2.pc might look like:
prefix=/c/SDK/SDL2-2.0.12/
arch=x64
libdir=${prefix}/lib/${arch}/
incdir=${prefix}/include/
Name: sdl2
Description: Simple DirectMedia Layer
Version: 2.0.12-msvc
Libs: ${libdir}/SDL2.dll -mwindows
Cflags: -I${incdir}The -mwindows option is particularly important as that specifies the target is a GUI application. Also note that you are linking directly against the Windows DLL — do not use any prebuilt .lib files if available, as those as specific to MSVC.
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