𝕿𝖊𝖈𝖍𝖗𝖎𝖌𝖍𝖙𝖘 Bulletin for Sunday, August 20, 2023
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Generated Mon 21 Aug 02:42:57 BST 2023
Created by Dr. Roy Schestowitz (𝚛𝚘𝚢 (at) 𝚜𝚌𝚑𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚘𝚠𝚒𝚝𝚣 (dot) 𝚌𝚘𝚖)
Full hyperlinks for navigation omitted but are fully available in the originals
The corresponding HTML versions are at 𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈
Latest in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕 and older bulletins can be found at 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕-𝒂𝒓𝒄𝒉𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒔
Full IPFS index in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔 and as plain text in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔/𝒕𝒙𝒕
Gemini index for the day: gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2023/08/20/
╒═══════════════════ 𝐑𝐄𝐂𝐄𝐍𝐓 𝐁𝐔𝐋𝐋𝐄𝐓𝐈𝐍𝐒 ════════════════════════════════════╕
Previous bulletins in IPFS (past 21 days, in chronological order):
QmWef8vtcFeiv9B2BmB2WtBwMqLq2kDfzWm5aQkKdgkCHW
QmSERS83Ghpc2tvtjtSx1QuX63sSxDgJ4UDR3Xx4DCBamw
QmUE5jyXyq8QeUTZvMZG2nE2AuQzLwVopuJsLSXE8fWgpy
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QmTcZH4zeE6SzC8S3Sqgx1X7NFfYGP2vprisQByQEW5nbx
QmeHyPcfAoVduU1xVyTC25qhvMBYeDVfT7bjjzZhGC7E3k
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QmdoTZo8Mevtx6RZCctMfwQ2Y4ffZS4ZQ6SjUZEWNm5pRa
QmZ8HUFLDLxvBHLKutyBuQ6a4TTR6hb3ZAFg3gf5MsGv4Z
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QmYYePurSm8yAKEwRv17i1k4Q7ju7m4SQByFQcLC8HtY7x
QmaRubG8aC9J2F4D9dmkGvjTspm5HdnsTMqDuVHGcPc8k5
QmQRTBqrhT8MUXdVEwJShtA9dbvEtZNFjWkf2QjuuactPS
QmRvPmuQj51W76zvbu8EJVsufNdff2k6sLwDW4kU1Umw72
QmVsL5SjB4i4sLymC3HBZkhwBhNY5MXy27LZs9QBCDgtZo
QmNdfSVvGLKtGutRooKPbAq57B9AZoPeYGGSjhD1a2fVET
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QmPrM5Hu5PNR7zjUmtsvqm8xkZsrE96qx4CaEuQrKFfjFd
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QmeZFBVX9fk1V5VBuSsZpDpx2dnJBatXxASzUtAm4wrZ26
╒═══════════════════ 𝐈𝐍𝐃𝐄𝐗 ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════╕
⦿ Techrights is Doing Far Better Than a Code of Conduct | Techrights
⦿ [Meme] You Cannot Nourish Yourself With Cocaine, DrAxe Matt | Techrights
⦿ IRC Proceedings: Friday, August 18, 2023 | Techrights
⦿ IRC Proceedings: Saturday, August 19, 2023 | Techrights
⦿ RIP, Reddit | Techrights
⦿ The ’Influencer’ Era is Over, Embrace Alternatives to Social Control Media and the Web | Techrights
⦿ Rianne Schestowitz: Matthew J. Garrett Shifting From ’Adopt a Code of Conduct’ to ‘Gas the Jews’ | Techrights
䷼ Bulletin articles (as HTML) to comment on (requires login):
http://techrights.org/2023/08/20/better-than-code-of-conduct/#comments
http://techrights.org/2023/08/20/cocaine-matt/#comments
http://techrights.org/2023/08/20/irc-log-180823/#comments
http://techrights.org/2023/08/20/irc-log-190823/#comments
http://techrights.org/2023/08/20/rip-reddit/#comments
http://techrights.org/2023/08/20/self-host-and-prosper/#comments
http://techrights.org/2023/08/20/third-guest-blog-post-by-rianne/#comments
䷞ Followed by Daily Links (assorted news picks curated and categorised):
http://techrights.org/2023/08/20/ethernet-switch-based-on-milk-v/#comments
http://techrights.org/2023/08/20/gemini-clients-via-socks/#comments
http://techrights.org/2023/08/20/letting-go-of-computers/#comments
http://techrights.org/2023/08/20/linux-6-5-rc7/#comments
䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 68
╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕
(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2023/08/20/better-than-code-of-conduct/#comments
Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2023/08/20/better-than-code-of-conduct/
⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.20.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧
Gemini_version_available_♊︎
✐ Techrights_is_Doing_Far_Better_Than_a_Code_of_Conduct⠀✐
Posted in Site_News at 5:13 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz
Video_download_link | md5sum f43c4a9000e9f6df6b14bb2d6bd070c5
Abuse and Criminal Activities Against Us
Creative Commons Attribution-No Derivative Works 4.0
http://techrights.org/videos/series-about-online-abuse-and-defamation.webm
Summary: The Web site and Gemini_capsule of Techrights published over_400_blog
posts/gemposts_last_month; this month we maintain the momentum and expect to
write more about criminal activities we’ve been subjected to
THIS month started very well for us. Gemini traffic is reaching new (all-time)
highs, the IRC network is being brought back under control (after endless
violations* and illegal activities there by Matthew_J_Garrett, the Coke_Fly
doing bios). We’ve plenty of other good news in extracurricular contexts.
“This past month we’ve published many posts from half a dozen or so
contributors.”The goal here in Techrights is to focus on technical and moral
issues, not to feed trolls and thugs. Where laws are broken (unlawful
activities), it’s the job of the police to step in as enforcer (whether it does
this or not is an entirely separate matter).
This past month we’ve published many posts from half a dozen or so
contributors. Techrights isn’t just publishing more; it is publishing for more
voices. That’s very important. The video above covers some more angles; having
just returned home, I can gladly share the news that I purchased a new
microphone, hoping it will enhance voice quality and clarity. █
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽⦇Vulgar_Matthew_J_Garrett_trolling⦈_
Does this seem like the mind of a healthy person? Or the deeply sick and
barely-functional brain of a man-child overdosing on crack-cocaine?
⣿⣿⢻⣗⠿⠿⢿⠿⡿⡿⠓⣚⠛⣿⠿⠿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣟⡷⡿⣿⣿⠿⡟⡶⡷⣿⢿⠻⠿⠿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⢻⡗⠷⠶⠻⠳⠾⢷⠚⠲⠾⠿⠶⠶⢷⠾⠾⢷⠿⠞⠲⠿⠟⣾⢶⠾⡖⠛⠷⠶⠶⠷⠷⡷⠿⡿⠟⠿⠛⡟⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⢿⢿⡿⢿⢿⢿⠿⢿⠻⠟⠿⠿⠟⡿⠻⠿⠿⠻⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⢿⣿⠶⠶⡶⠾⢦⠼⢶⢶⡶⡶⠶⢶⠾⠶⠶⡾⠾⢷⠷⠶⠶⠾⣷⣴⡷⡶⠶⡷⠶⠶⠶⠿⠶⢶⠾⠷⣦⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣷⣷⣶⣷⣶⣿⣾⣾⣷⣶⣾⣴⣶⣷⣶⣶⣷⣶⣷⣷⣶⣾⣧⣾⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
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⣿⣿⢿⡯⣦⣦⣿⣶⡵⣷⣾⣽⣿⣦⣦⡷⣷⡾⡶⣴⣽⡷⣮⠮⣮⣿⣮⣴⣴⣶⣴⣤⡷⣴⣶⣶⣼⣼⡶⠯⣾⣷⣷⡯⣶⣾⣿⣧⣦⠾⠿⣼⢴⣵⣴⢼⣿⣵⣶⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⢴⣽⣧⣿⣿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⢾⣷⣤⣥⣤⣦⣤⣼⣤⣷⣥⣤⣤⣦⢬⣤⣤⣤⣬⣧⣶⡤⣶⣤⣦⣦⣭⣬⣤⣤⣤⣤⣬⣦⣤⡤⣤⣤⣦⣤⣥⣦⣭⣦⣬⣤⣿⣤⣦⣬⣤⣮⣿⣤⣥⣬⣷⣵⣼⣧⣮⣿⣼⣥⣤⣽⣴⣤⣤⣿⣥⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣾⣯⣤⣤⣷⣤⣤⣦⣼⣭⣧⣤⣤⣼⣤⣤⣤⣧⣤⣼⣶⣴⣧⣴⣴⣤⣤⣤⣶⣦⣥⣤⣲⣅⣊⣥⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣾⣿⣤⣥⣷⣬⣮⣮⣼⣾⣷⣥⣥⣧⣤⣴⣭⣬⣾⣯⣏⣥⣴⣽⣤⣴⣼⣾⣺⣧⣧⣥⣮⣤⣾⣥⣦⣧⣮⣦⣴⣯⣴⣦⣷⣷⣷⣄⣠⣦⣧⣟⣭⣧⣬⣼⣼⣼⣦⣤⣤⣤⣴⣥⣤⣼⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 138
╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕
(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2023/08/20/cocaine-matt/#comments
Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2023/08/20/cocaine-matt/
⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.20.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧
Gemini_version_available_♊︎
✐ [Meme]_You_Cannot_Nourish_Yourself_With_Cocaine,_DrAxe_Matt⠀✐
Posted in Free/Libre_Software, Humour at 8:03 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽⦇MJG_doing_fine_in_the_forest,_catching_some_dinner,_deep
inside_running_water⦈_
Summary: Matthew "gas_the_Jews" Garrett (defamation_bill_with_endless
sockpuppets, the Coke_Fly doing bios) has gone way too far; now on the verge of
homelessness and constantly on very hard drugs, his online abuses and crimes
merit immediate action
⠀⠀⠀⠀⡔⠒⠒⠢⡤⠒⠒⢢⠒⢲⠒⢢⠒⢢⠔⠒⠂⡀⢠⠒⠒⠒⠒⢢⠒⠔⠒⡔⠒⠒⡄⠀⠒⡔⠒⡔⠒⡄⡔⠒⠛⢲⠒⠒⠒⡛⠛⠛⡻⣿⠛⠛⠻⠛⠛⠻⡟⠛⠛⢻⠛⠓⢢⠔⠒⠂⡔⠒⠒⢢⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⡇⠀⡇⠀⠀⢸⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠠⠤⠄⢸⠀⠘⠃⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠛⡀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⡇⠙⠀⠀⣿⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠘⡅⢹⠀⠘⠇⠀⡇⠀⡇⠀⠂⢨⠀⠐⢻⡀⠐⠠⡛⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠇⠀⡇⠀⠀⢸⠀⢸⠀⢀⠀⢸⠀⠰⠀⠀⢸⠀⢰⠂⠀⢸⠀⡄⠀⡇⠀⠶⡀⠀⠀⡇⠀⡀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠰⢄⢸⠀⢰⠇⠀⠇⠀⡇⠀⡆⠈⠀⠰⠾⠉⠠⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠑⠲⠖⠊⠑⠒⠒⠊⠒⠚⣶⢺⣶⣎⣐⣒⣒⣂⠈⠒⠊⠀⠒⠚⠒⠑⠒⠓⠒⠒⠁⠐⠒⠓⠒⠓⠒⠁⠀⠒⠒⠈⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠂⠘⠒⠂⠈⠒⠒⠊⠓⠒⠓⠒⠒⠒⠒⠑⠒⠒⠁⠐⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣶⣼⣿⣶⣶⣤⣤⣀⣀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣶⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣤⣀⣤⣄⣄⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣤⣀⠀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣬⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣀⣄⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣦⣼⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠛⣟⣿⣿⡿⢿⠿⣿⠛⡿⡟⣛⣻⣿⣟⣿⣟⣻⣿⣿⣟⣛⣛⣛⣛⣻⣻⣟⣛⣛⣿⠛⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣄⡉⠓⠛⠛⠛⢛⣛⡛⠿⠿⠿⠭⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣄⡐⠠⢌⡁⠀⠉⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠛⢛⠟⠛⠋⠀⠀⣀⣈⣭⣟⣻
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⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⢀⢀⢠⢴⠆⢄⡄⠒⡖⠒⡎⠉⠙⠉⢽⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠅⠀⠺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠉⠉⠉⠄⢠⠀⠨⠀⠈⠀⠀⠈⠀⠈⡗⠀⢁⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣹⣤⣤⣤⣦⣦⣶⢶⢶⠶⠾⠓⠛⡛⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣈⣀⣠⣰⣼⣤⣴⣤⢴⠶⠶⠶⡷⢿⡟⠛⡟⠛⡏⠋⡍⠋⡍⡅⠃⡁⠄⣷⠀⠀⠸⠀⢠⢸⠀⠄⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⠉⠉⠩⠉⢹⡇⠁⠁⠁⠐⠆⠇⠀⠃⠹⡇⠀⢁⠀⡀⣀⣃⣄⣃⣥⣦⣧⣤⣽⣶⣶⣶⣾⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠛⠻⠀⢀⣀⣂⣈⣀⠟⠣⠤⠤⠴⠤⠖⠖⠒⠓⠊⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠋⠉⠙⠛⠋⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠍⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠩⠭⣭⣭⣭⠉
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⣁⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣐⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠐⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣶⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 197
╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕
(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2023/08/20/irc-log-180823/#comments
Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2023/08/20/irc-log-180823/
⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.20.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧
Gemini_version_available_♊︎
✐ IRC_Proceedings:_Friday,_August_18,_2023⠀✐
Posted in IRC_Logs at 12:15 am by Needs Sunlight
Also available via the Gemini protocol at:
* gemini://gemini.techrights.org/irc-gmi/irc-log-techrights-180823.gmi
* gemini://gemini.techrights.org/irc-gmi/irc-log-180823.gmi
* gemini://gemini.techrights.org/irc-gmi/irc-log-social-180823.gmi
* gemini://gemini.techrights.org/irc-gmi/irc-log-techbytes-180823.gmi
Over HTTP:
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#techrights_log_as_HTML5 #boycottnovell_log_as_HTML5
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇H 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇HTML5_logs⦈_
#boycottnovell-social_log_as_HTML5 #techbytes_log_as_HTML5
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇t 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇text_logs⦈_
#techrights_log_as_text #boycottnovell_log_as_text
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇t 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇text_logs⦈_
#boycottnovell-social_log_as_text #techbytes_log_as_text
Enter_the_IRC_channels_now
=> =============================================================================
§ IPFS Mirrors⠀➾
CID Description Object type
IRC log for
QmaZENfiNgCRSQprbvdx1i8f7AGzNimgXc3THEtHGHMJsK #boycottnovell 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈
(full IRC log
as HTML)
IRC log for
#boycottnovell
QmRoYzJG4Mvkm71aU9a1Y7B5sXVqH366HxnhJTSHWRv6ew (full IRC log 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈
as plain/ASCII
text)
IRC log for
#boycottnovell-
QmRe3XgAvditdwVdJhxndDgXE7V9d4A9bozquTukrsv3Yq social 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈
(full IRC log
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IRC log for
#boycottnovell-
Qmf5XmvMRLbtT5KMCsRk5aGJnSvEtxoskz96Kte93VTrpT social 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈
(full IRC log
as plain/ASCII
text)
IRC log for
QmRXB51qQBqYUYpncZTBY7GuDQXCHKfHfP1AjzZ4FGzKMj #techbytes 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈
(full IRC log
as HTML)
IRC log for
#techbytes
QmbSr2885PPGkGiw46LdRSuvSH4tmEK8bE2kprT3ASGwfH (full IRC log 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈
as plain/ASCII
text)
IRC log for
QmaPA8grJ8CgLMF4QYpdVsnDWrbL8sXbgUUWtpGJhzT3xp #techrights 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈
(full IRC log
as HTML)
IRC log for
#techrights
QmNrxqd2gbAwHBwiJEgGui2fjpMhjddoNpTSoJW1i7CodB (full IRC log 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈
as plain/ASCII
text)
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇IPFS logo⦈
§ Bulletin for Yesterday⠀➾
Local_copy | CID (IPFS): QmbqCQ6R4NusTRm9E3YjVzj9c1FxCfEvrfqShjAZLaCyQS
䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 324
╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕
(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2023/08/20/irc-log-190823/#comments
Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2023/08/20/irc-log-190823/
⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.20.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧
Gemini_version_available_♊︎
✐ IRC_Proceedings:_Saturday,_August_19,_2023⠀✐
Posted in IRC_Logs at 12:16 am by Needs Sunlight
Also available via the Gemini protocol at:
* gemini://gemini.techrights.org/irc-gmi/irc-log-techrights-190823.gmi
* gemini://gemini.techrights.org/irc-gmi/irc-log-190823.gmi
* gemini://gemini.techrights.org/irc-gmi/irc-log-social-190823.gmi
* gemini://gemini.techrights.org/irc-gmi/irc-log-techbytes-190823.gmi
Over HTTP:
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#techrights_log_as_HTML5 #boycottnovell_log_as_HTML5
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇H 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇HTML5_logs⦈_
#boycottnovell-social_log_as_HTML5 #techbytes_log_as_HTML5
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇t 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇text_logs⦈_
#techrights_log_as_text #boycottnovell_log_as_text
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇t 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇text_logs⦈_
#boycottnovell-social_log_as_text #techbytes_log_as_text
Enter_the_IRC_channels_now
=> =============================================================================
§ IPFS Mirrors⠀➾
CID Description Object type
IRC log for
QmeHiKHemyA71szpg7DHminy4CQddWdqwVDMMqcda78pup #boycottnovell 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈
(full IRC log
as HTML)
IRC log for
#boycottnovell
QmehC6fAcypBEDthf7eNRiNLoGBq5gYkiQTd5oYujjF8dA (full IRC log 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈
as plain/ASCII
text)
IRC log for
#boycottnovell-
QmYh9CATr7w32CoQSThKCXFUkgENxCeNxGKtHJBq2vQaqS social 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈
(full IRC log
as HTML)
IRC log for
#boycottnovell-
QmdcEFcJgnyesfkhvWepiWGJMMCEY1QbrMU573qb2AR3UZ social 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈
(full IRC log
as plain/ASCII
text)
IRC log for
QmSGCpwKs3n3sg2CpMTSKWJo64T6xBtQzRSys2Ffzs3a7g #techbytes 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈
(full IRC log
as HTML)
IRC log for
#techbytes
QmWgAGsSvAKtjzdG8bgUPWQ4BSdsL6KShhMPmUpY7s5aJK (full IRC log 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈
as plain/ASCII
text)
IRC log for
QmYUrDibLJeg8gWsrZsQuQuxxBeGXCL8P468d1uFtUsuYe #techrights 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈
(full IRC log
as HTML)
IRC log for
#techrights
QmcbhsNkZD1eR9MWDfWP9gAyMfwNuAPeuWRp4NT8tJRuXW (full IRC log 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈
as plain/ASCII
text)
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇IPFS logo⦈
§ Bulletin for Yesterday⠀➾
Local_copy | CID (IPFS): QmeZFBVX9fk1V5VBuSsZpDpx2dnJBatXxASzUtAm4wrZ26
䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 451
╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕
(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2023/08/20/rip-reddit/#comments
Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2023/08/20/rip-reddit/
⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.20.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧
Gemini_version_available_♊︎
✐ RIP,_Reddit⠀✐
Posted in Deception at 1:27 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz
Summary: The Ripoff and Exploitation platform, Reddit, is losing_its_volunteers
(userbase), in effect killing the platform by a series of profoundly bad
decisions and policies
䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 476
╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕
(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2023/08/20/self-host-and-prosper/#comments
Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2023/08/20/self-host-and-prosper/
⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.20.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧
Gemini_version_available_♊︎
✐ The_‘Influencer’_Era_is_Over,_Embrace_Alternatives_to_Social_Control_Media
and_the_Web⠀✐
Posted in Site_News at 12:31 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz
Video_download_link | md5sum 58edb12952f0c8931e282d00f245677e
Improving Focus on Videos and Gemini
Creative Commons Attribution-No Derivative Works 4.0
http://techrights.org/videos/site-news-and-videos-update.webm
Summary: It’s only the 20th of the month and we’ve already passed the monthly
average in Gemini traffic; this video focuses on our use of Gemini (it started
almost exactly 2.5 years ago) and video
TODAY we finally have our 48,000th Gemini page and this month will be another
record-breaking month in terms of Gemini traffic.
The video above talks about the continued growth of Gemini in general, how
videos can be opened from Gemini, and the agony of looking for supposedly
“professional” microphones (computers are nowadays fast enough to do Digital
Signal Processing (DSP) in software). We have some plans until the end of this
year and next year. Unlike many “influencers” who outsourced almost everything
to Alphabet/Google/YouTube, our fate isn’t determined by some hostile third
party and it’s very difficult to stop us or even slow us down. Some time
tomorrow we expect to publish our 37,500th blog post. █
䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 524
╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕
(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2023/08/20/third-guest-blog-post-by-rianne/#comments
Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2023/08/20/third-guest-blog-post-by-rianne/
⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.20.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧
Gemini_version_available_♊︎
✐ Rianne_Schestowitz:_Matthew_J.Garrett_Shifting_From‘Adopt_a_Code_of
Conduct’to‘Gas_the_Jews’⠀✐
Posted in Deception, Free/Libre_Software at 7:43 pm by Guest Editorial Team
This is an unplanned blog post, as it’s Sunday night and we really ought to
enjoy the weekend and not be distracted by any negative vibes, but I feel
compelled to write this blog post anyway so as to not wait until my usual
schedule says it’s time to finalise my text (unlike the last time). I am
rushing this because this is a very important topic and it should be given
further emphasis. People should be aware or even should have brought this
matter to their national authority’s attention. The readers of Tux Machines and
Techrights should know how this lunatic, pervert, crackhead DrAxe Matthew J.
Garrett became utterly crazy. He had gone totally berserk around the time when
my husband Dr. Roy Schestowitz were busy writing about Microsoft layoffs over
in Techrights, publishing articles one after the other regarding those mass
layoffs and I suppose this probably hit a nerve.
“He had gone totally berserk around the time when my husband Dr. Roy
Schestowitz were busy writing about Microsoft layoffs over in Techrights,
publishing articles one after the other regarding those mass layoffs and I
suppose this probably hit a nerve.”Herein, I will be showing the narrative or
the fashion in which this disgusting human being was desperately trolling,
provoking and trying to demoralise the IRC channels for many days in a row,
hence the personal attack on Roy schestowitz never stopped. Here we go:
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
Introducing the “whitenigger” sockpuppet. I’m sure the readers know already the
style and pattern of DrKnife Matthew J. Garrett’s ‘trolling’ (see my first_blog
post and part_two).
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
The psychopath who’s hiding in the cabin in some forest (the definitive proof
of this will follow, probably in the next blog post) is very obviously using
the chatbot tools to generate his fabricated stories. The garbage-filled,
poisoned, and cooked (well done! Fully cooked yet?) mind of DrAxe Matthew J.
Garrett is no longer capable of thinking because he has the brain of a zombie.
DrAxe Matthew J. Garrett is having a mental breakdown; this human being is not
sleeping nor eating (except of course he snorts the cocaine that has become his
food) and not even a taking shower for months already:
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
Can you imagine the smell of this person? I would say he would be stinky like a
bunch of canned tuna, or worse, he might smell like a skunk… ewww, I hope
Drknife Matthew J. Garrett is not eating fresh or burrito squirrel. I doubt he
has the strength to hunt in the forest for food because even the random
cockroach is evading and running away from him he is like a termite
exterminator.
“Garrett is having a mental breakdown; this human being is not sleeping nor
eating…”Mr. Garrett wanted to have mojito but can’t have it, because he is in
the middle of the forest, so there no way he can deny the fact that indeed he
is now a forest-dwelling person…
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
Just like his hero, Unabomber.
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
Let’s go back to the narration put forth by sockpuppet “whitenigger”, whose
first approach wasn’t successful. The idiot Mr. Garrett started to interrupt
and disrupt, trying to catch Roy Schestowitz’s attention.
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
When he was being ignored things escalated. The lunatic DrAxe Matthew J.
Garrett started his attempts at trolling for the second time around. Roy
Schestowitz repeatedly snubbed him, saying people should just ignore the troll:
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
Second attempt? Also that attempt wasn’t successful. It yielded no results
either, so the incel psychopath DrKnife Matthew J. Garrett made an attempt for
the third time around:
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
When Roy Schestowitz said “there are no racists nick here right now” DrKnife
Matthew J. Garrett immediately created the sockpuppet “niggernigger”, so you
see the craziness of this person, right?
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
Finally he got Roy Schestowitz’s attention this time around. The cocaine addict
DrKnife Matthew J. Garrett was overwhelmed with happiness and he then replied,
“hi Roy Schestowitz”:
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
A few minutes after… DrKnife Matthew J. Garrett was back to his normal business
(provoking, trolling etc.) and even responding or talking to himself,
pretending the sockpuppets and himself are different entities:
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
Don’t you have different tricks, Mr. Garrett? Personally I am already bored of
your style and I bet the readers also feel the same way. In my many weeks of
reading or at least scanning the logs (while investigating your trolling
ventures) I can already smell your skunky presence in every way despite using
so many names, changing from one sockpuppet to another, or jumping to other
sockpuppets any time things get hot:
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
As the trolling and distraction continues, one sockpuppet called
“nazipieceofshit” has quit:
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
He left the sockpuppet “niggernigger” and turned onto another polymorphous
theme to become “HeilHitler”:
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
The crackhead DrKnife Matthew J. Garrett would however go way to far this time.
This is the main reason I decided to write this blog post (even if it’s already
late at night here).
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
This person must be reported to the authority/ies. DrKnife Matthew J. Garrett
already lost his mind. This shouldn’t be ignored and this person must stop.
You will see the reaction of mjg59_ DrKnife Matthew J. Garrett. Yes, all of the
sudden he appeared at the scene, emerging from nowhere, perhaps because he
realised what he was doing or saying will eventually come back to him. I can
imagine the readers will notice the reaction of the psychopath is obviously
cramping.
Strike three:
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
DrAxe Matthew J. Garrett decided to continue his trolling, so he must think he
is being very clever behind the sockpuppets:
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
This foul-mouthed, skunky, smelly DrAxe Matthew J. Garrett deserves to be in
the prison cells. I believe I can do that, so just be patient, as we will get
to that too.
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
The scumbag Drknife Matthew J. Garrett wants to gas and kill the Jews:
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
He is proud of himself and calls/frames himself as a hero:
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
A very proud garbage-filled DrKnife Matthew J Garrett changed his sockpuppet
from “HeilHitler” back to “niggernigger”:
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
The idiot DrKnife Matthew J. Garrett is once again trying to provoke:
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
Dr Roy Schestowitz’s reply was, “don’t feed the troll”. This type of response
is pissing off the lunatic DrKnife Matthew J. Garrett, so this only makes him
crazier and more aggressive:
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
Truly he is, once again, showing his true colours; the nerve was struck, so he
went back to his beloved sockpuppet “elusive_woman”:
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
By this time “kill the jews” Matthew J. Garrett was sobering up I guess. He
claims that he was behind all the sockpuppet…. a shocking revelation. The man
finally unmasked himself.
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈
“Really should stop switching between machines that have ctrl in different
places”.
How many computers is he using? How many networks?
“If you have time to waste by pestering and ruining people’s lives, I will have
the perseverance to write more about you…”DrAxe Matthew J. Garrett is giving
up.
To the FOSS community, Debian community, University of Berkeley and to those
innocent people who have been harassed by this person I have a message. Please
come forward or communicate with us; an urgent action is needed.
To “gas the jews” DrKnife Matthew J. Garrett: you never have had any intention
to stop trolling and writing fabricated stories, keep going… the more you
troll, the more you write and so on, the more blog posts you will get. If you
have time to waste by pestering and ruining people’s lives, I will have the
perseverance to write more about you, as I’m not going to stop writing to
remind people how horrible and what an evil person you are. █
⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⡿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⠿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⢿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠓⠓⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⢻⠿⡿⣿⣛⢻⣿⢿⢿⡿⠿⡿⣿⢿⣿⠟⠻⣻⢿⣿⡻⣿⣿⠿⠛⢟⣟⡻⢿⢿⢿⠿⡟⡿⢿⣿⢿⡟⡛⢿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣻⢿⣿⡿⣿⡿⡟⣟⡟⢻⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⢾⡟⡾⠒⠓⠛⠳⢺⡞⣾⡞⣳⣶⡷⣿⣿⣟⠓⠚⠛⣿⢿⢾⡿⢻⣗⣞⣗⢿⢿⣛⡗⣾⣲⣳⢲⠒⠞⢟⢷⣶⢿⣿⣶⣾⣷⣷⣷⣷⣷⣾⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣷⣾⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠠⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⣿⠿⠿⢛⣿⡽⠾⣟⡟⣿⣿⠿⠛⠿⡿⠙⠛⠿⣷⣿⣿⡟⡟⣯⢿⢿⢽⣙⣛⢝⡭⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠠⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣽⣻⣉⣉⣟⣿⣿⣟⣍⣿⣿⣏⣙⣿⣏⣉⣙⣽⣏⣋⣩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣏⣹⣿⣋⣏⣿⣿⣟⣛⣏⣻⣟⣿⣿⣿⣉⣉⣉⣙⣹⣿⣉⣻⣍⣿⣟⣿⣏⣿⣿⣯⣿⣉
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡸⣭⣿⣧⡿⡯⣬⠭⡯⣿⢽⣿⣿⡭⣿⣍⣭⣭⡿⡿⢯⢭⣩⡭⢿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣯⢽⡯⣧⡭⣭⣿⡽⡯⡏⢵⡭⣮⣿⣷⣧⣥⣴⣵⣿⣿⠿⢿⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣿⣮⣿⣤⣤⣦⣯⣿⣧⣦⣿⣯⣧⣤⣯⣧⣤⣤⣾⣧⣦⣴⣽⣯⣿⡿⢿⣽⣯⣿⣧⣼⣯⣧⣦⣿⣷⣧⣦⢧⣼⣯⡿⡿⣷⢤⢤⣤⣤⣽⣷⣤⣽⣦⣿⡯⡿⣥⣤⣼⠿⣤⣿
⣿⣦⣶⣯⣽⣷⣿⣭⣥⣤⣦⣧⣬⣷⣧⣴⣼⣿⣷⣼⣿⣯⣧⣤⣮⣥⣿⣷⢧⢥⣤⣾⣥⣤⡤⠾⡥⢶⡯⣧⣯⣧⡶⣯⣦⢥⡴⣾⠿⢷⠼⣿⢿⠵⣦⣿⣯⡵⣬⡿⣧⡾⣦⣼⣧⣧⣥⢤⣴⣾⣥⣥⣿⣿⣭⢽⣧⣯
⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣾⣶⣾⣿⢾⢿⣶⣶⣾⣿⣷⣿⣷⣶⣽⣶⣾⣷⣿⣷⣶⣷⣿⣿⠿⣿⣯⣷⣶⣿⣿⣾⣷⣿⣿⢿⣾⠾⣾⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⢿⣷⣶⣶⣾
⠀⠀⠒⠰⠆⠰⠆⠢⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡶⠿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⣿⣶⠦⢿⣿⠿⢷⣦⠶⢿⣿⠿⣿⣼⠾⠿⡷⢿⣿⣶⣶⣷⡿⢿⢿⠿⢿⡷⢾⢿⣶⠿⡶⢿⠿⠾⢶⢿⣿⣶⣾⣶⣶⣿⠷⢿⣾⡶⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣾⠿⢿⣷⣿⠿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⡿⢷⣿⣿⣾⡿⢿⣷⣶⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⡷⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⠿⣿⡿⠿⢷⠾⢿⣾⣾⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⠷⢿⣾⡿⢿⣿
⠀⠀⠄⢠⡄⢀⠀⢄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣾⡾⠟⢿⣿⣿⣶⠾⢿⡻⠿⠛⣾⣶⣿⣷⣾⠷⠛⢿⣿⣷⣿⣿⢿⣿⠿⢶⣶⡿⢿⣷⢾⣿⣿⣟⣿⠶⡿⢷⣾⣷⡾⢿⣾⣿⣿⣻⣷⣾⡿⠻⣿⡿⠿⢷⠷⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣻⣿⣟⣛⣻⣿⣿⣟⣛⣛⣟⣿⣻⣛⡛⣻⣿⣿⣟⣛⣯⣿⣹⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠛⣿⣿⣿⣛⢿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣟⣟⣛⢻⣻⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⡿⣛⣿⣿⣿⡛⡟⡛⣛⡛⢻⣿⡛⣿⡟⣿⣿⣟⠟⢿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣟⣿⣯⣿⣟⣿⣟⣻⣛⣿⣿⣛⣙⣿⣿⣋⣿⣿⣽⣿⣟⣻⣿⣿⣝⣟⣿⣋⣿⣿⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣽⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⡀⡀⠀⠀⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣟⣛⣟⣻⣿⣻⣿⣫⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣟⣟⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣛⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣻⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠈⠀⠈⠀⠈⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⣿⣙⣯⣻⣹⣯⣽⣯⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣛⣙⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⢿⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠃⠘⠀⠀⠀⠘⠚⠘⠁⠀⠀⣿⣧⣤⣦⣧⣷⣿⣷⣿⣿⣶⣦⣽⣶⣿⣧⣿⣿⣥⣤⣼⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⣿⣵⣮⣿⣧⣷⣾⣿⣶⣦⣬⣷⣿⣿⣼⣤⣿⣯⣷⣿⣿⣤⣼⣯⣦⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿
⠀⠀⢀⡀⣀⠀⡀⡀⠀⣀⠀⠀⡀⣀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⢿⠟⢻⡻⣟⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠻⠻⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⠻⠿⢿⠿⠿⢿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠘⠁⠓⠀⠃⠂⠐⠃⠀⠐⠃⠛⠀⠀⢸⣯⣥⣭⣼⣾⣧⣽⣷⣷⣿⣯⣿⣿⣼⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣭⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣯⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏
⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉
⢰⣿⣿⣶⣲⣶⣷⣶⣾⣷⣶⢲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠈⠛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠈⠛⠛⠛⠛⠙⠛⠛⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠘⠛⠛⠛⠘⠛⠛⠛⠃⠛⠉⠛⠛⠃⠛⠃⠛⠺⠃⠛⠻⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⠀⠙⠛⠆⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠿⠗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠒⠃⠀⢸
⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣸
⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⠀⠀⣀⣽⡁⠀⠀⠷⠷⠾⠿⠶⠶⠆⠿⠶⠶⠶⠿⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢾⡆⠖⠶⠀⢸
⠀⣀⣋⠿⡟⠀⠀⣶⣦⣤⣦⣴⣶⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⠀⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⠀⢖⣶⢖⢴⣴⣶⢰⣴⢶⠶⡆⢶⣔⡖⣶⣶⡆⣶⢦⡲⠶⣶⣤⣶⣶⡦⡲⣲⡖⣶⣦⡶⢶⢤⡆⣶⢶⢶⣶⢲⣶⣶⣶⢶⡆⣶⡦⡲⣶⢲⣲⣶⣶⠆⣶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣶⡆⣲⣶⣶⣶⣶⢴⣶⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⠀⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⢤⣤⣤⣤⣠⣤⢠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⢠⣤⣤⣤⢠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⢤⣤⣤⢠⡤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⢠⣤⢠⣤⡤⣠⣤⣤⡤⣤⣤⣤⣤⡄⣤⢤⡄⣤⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣄⣀⣤⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣠⢀⣈⣀⣀⣀⢀⣄⣀⡀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⣀⡀⣠⣀⣀⡀⣤⣀⣀⣀⢠⡀⣁⣀⣀⣀⣠⣀⢠⣄⣀⢠⡤⣄⣀⢀⣠⣀⡀⣄⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣤⡀⠀⠀⢸
⠀⠉⠉⠙⠁⢉⠉⡉⠉⢛⣉⡉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⠉⢉⠈⠉⠉⡉⠉⠈⠉⠉⡁⠋⠉⠉⡉⡉⢁⠉⠁⢉⣉⢉⠁⠉⠉⡉⠛⠈⠁⠋⡈⠙⠉⢉⠋⠈⠉⠉⠀⠁⠉⠉⢘⠉⠉⠁⠉⠉⠉⢉⠉⢉⢉⢉⡉⡉⠙⠃⠀⠀⢸
⠐⠛⠃⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⠃⠛⠋⠛⠋⠛⠛⠘⠛⠛⠋⠘⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠘⠛⠛⠘⠛⠘⠛⠛⠘⠛⠛⠋⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⠇⠛⠛⠛⠫⠟⠛⠘⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠘⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⠓⠃⠑⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⠐⠶⠾⠶⠶⠲⠷⠿⠿⠷⠶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⠀⠺⠲⡄⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣶⡦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣷⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠴⠆⠀⢸
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠒⠀⠀⠀⢠⣠⢀⣠⡄⢀⣀⣀⡀⣤⢀⣀⡀⣀⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⢠⠶⠦⠤⠀⠀⠈⠁⠈⠉⠉⠈⠉⠁⠀⠉⠈⠉⠁⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⡛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⣶⢢⠀⣦⢄⢀⢠⣤⡤⡀⠀⢠⠄⣤⣤⠆⢠⠀⢠⠠⡀⠀⣂⡄⣆⢀⢰⢰⠂⡄⠀⡄⠀⣲⡤⡄⡄⢠⣤⡦⡀⢠⠀⡠⡆⢠⠀⢠⣤⡆⢄⠄⣤⣴⢰⢀⠄⢤⢠⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠂⠠⠀⠄⠀⠠⠄⠠⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣛⣍⣏⣝⣻⢍⣫⣻⣟⣫⣏⣝⣹⣻⣛⣯⣋⣋⣫⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠠⠄⠠⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠏⠿⢻⣟⢻⠻⢻⢻⣻⣛⣛⠏⠻⣿⠟⠿⣻⠙⢛⣻⠛⢿⠛⡟⠻⢛⡻⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⢀⡀⢀⡀⠀⠀⢸⡟⠛⠻⠻⡻⢟⢻⠛⠿⣟⠛⡛⠻⡟⡻⠻⠟⡻⠻⠻⡻⠟⣛⢻⡛⢻⠿⢛⠛⢿⠛⢟⡛⣛⣛⠿⢻⠛⡟⢛⡟⢟⠛⣛⠻⡟⢟⠛⢛⣛⠻⢿⠻⢻⠛⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣮⣭⣭⣬⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⠉⡍⢩⣩⠉⡍⠉⠉⢩⠉⠍⠉⢩⢉⣍⡍⢩⠉⡍⠉⢉⠉⡉⢍⡉⢩⠉⡩⠩⠉⠉⣍⡭⠍⠉⡍⣭⠩⠉⠩⠉⠍⠉⢍⣩⡉⠍⡉⠉⠍⠉
⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⡉⠉⢉⡉⢉⠉⠉⠉⢹⣟⣟⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣟⣿⣻⣻⣿⣟⣻⠟⠛⠛⠛⠟⠛⠿⠛⠛⠿⢛⠻⠟⠻⠟⠛⠛⠟⠿⠟⠺⠟⠻⠿⠽⠫⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣀⣀⣀⡀⣀⣈⢁⣀⣈⣁⣈⣁⣀⣀⣸⢟⣃⡁⣚⣃⣊⣙⣋⣉⣁⣛⣂⣈⣋⣛⢛⣂⣛⣙⣋⣙⣘⡓⢑⣀⣘⣊⣙⣉⣛⣓⣉⣛⣉⣋⣙⣓⣉⣙⢛⣙⢉⣁⣥⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣷⣤⣦⣤⣤⣮⣴⣼⣤⣯⣶⣼⣤⣴⣤⣤⣴⣤⣾⣴⣤⣤⣤⣾⣤⣤⣿⣽⣤⣮⣤⣬⣼⣴⣴⣤⣿⣤⣦⣷⣿⣥⣬⣤⣷⣽⣼⣦⣴⣭⣦⣤⣤⣧⣴⣬⣧⣶⣦⣴⣷⣧⣦⣴⣧⣤⣶⣤⣴⣥⣴⣽⡔⣿⡄⣤⠤
⣿⢿⡻⠟⣿⡛⢻⠛⡟⠟⢻⢛⢿⢻⡿⡻⣟⣿⠛⢻⡛⡟⣿⣿⠛⡟⣛⡟⢻⡛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⡠⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣻⣿⠿⠟⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⡟⡿⠿⠿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠟⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⡿⣿⡿⡿⢻⣿⣿⢿⣿⡿⢻⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠑⠛⠂⠀⠊⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣾⣶⣿⣼⣬⣇⣤⣾⣽⣿⣿⣺⣾⣾⣥⣤⣧⣬⣵⣶⣿⣷⣿⣴⣿⣾⣾⣷⣷⣿⣿⣾⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡟⢻⣿⠛⡿⢿⣿⠛⢻⣿⠿⣟⠟⢻⠛⣿⠛⠿⣟⣟⡟⢻⢻⣿⠛⠻⣿⠛⢻⢻⣿⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⡛⣿⣿⢻⡛⠛⡿⠟⣻⣻⢻⠛⠻⣿⡟⢿⣿⣻⡿⠛⡟⠛⢻⣟⣿⣿
⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣟⣏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣏⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣻⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⡀⡠⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡟⣛⣿⡟⠛⠿⠟⢻⣻⣟⣿⣟⢿⣿⡟⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⠛⠟⡛⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⡿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠘⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠐⠚⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣛⡛⠒⠓⣓⠟⢺⣻⣻⢻⣿⠟⣿⣶⡖⢛⢛⠻⡟⠖⡖⠛⣓⠖⠛⢶⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⢰⣶⣶⡆⠀⣾⣿⠉⣷⠀⠀⢰⡆⢸⣷⣾⠁⣶⣶⠀⠀⢰⡆⢰⣾⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡛⣫⣹⣝⣻⣿⣻⣻⣹⣿⣯⣟⣿⣟⣟⣟⣿⣛⣿⣋⣻⣿⣛⣛⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣏⣟⣙⣯⣿⣛⣻⣿⣙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣋⣏⣿⣛⣿⣟⣋⣿⣿⣟⣿⣯⣿⣛⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣹⣻⣋⣏⣟⣛⣻⣟⣫⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣽⣭⣽⣿⣿⣯⣯⣯⣯⣯⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⢻⢿⣿⠻⡿⠿⡿⡿⢿⢻⠿⡿⢿⢿⠿⣿⢻⢿⡿⢿⡿⡿⣿⢿⣿⠿⢿⡿⡿⣿⠿⢿⣿⢿⡿⣿⠿⣿⢿⠿⢿⠿⡟⡿⣿⢿⠿⡿⡿⠻⢟⢿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣾⣽⣼⣧⣯⣶⣧⣿⣴⣧⣾⣴⣶⣽⣿⣬⣾⣯⣯⣾⣶⣮⣿⣷⣭⣧⣾⣾⣮⣧⣿⣿⣦⣵⣿⣽⣥⣾⣽⣿⣨⣧⣶⣦⣿⣤⣿⣬⣧⣼⣧⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢀⠀⠀⡀⢀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡿⢿⡟⡟⣿⠻⣿⡟⡟⢿⠿⡟⣿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠁⠁⠀⠘⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣷⣧⣧⣧⣿⣬⣼⣷⣥⣯⣤⣧⣿⣼⣤⣭⣬⣧⣮⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⢲⠶⣶⢶⡶⣶⡶⣶⡶⣶⣶⢶⣶⢶⡶⣶⡶⡶⢶⡶⣶⣶⣶⢿⡿⢿⡿⣿⡿⡿⢿⡿⣿⡿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⣿⢻⢿⡿⢿⡿⣿⢿⡿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣾⣷⣾⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣽⣿⣽⣧⣿⣿⣿⣼⣷⣿⣾⣿⣬⣿⣼⣷⣿⣾⣿⣼⣯⣾⣿⣿⣽⣿⣧⣿⣾⣿⣿⣼⣷⣿⣞⣷⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⢀⢀⢀⢀⠀⠀⢀⠀⡀⡀⢀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⢿⠻⡿⢿⠿⣿⡿⡟⢿⢿⣿⠻⡿⢿⣿⢿⡿⢿⠿⡿⢿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠈⠈⠈⠈⠈⠈⠀⠀⠀⠁⠁⠁⠉⠈⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣷⣿⣾⣿⣾⣿⣾⣶⣷⣼⣶⣿⣷⣷⣾⣷⣿⣶⣿⣾⣿⣾⣷⣾⣴⣧⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠈⠂⠃⠀⠘⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣧⣧⣼⣧⣿⣼⣾⣼⣿⣼⣼⣧⣾⣾⣼⣤⣷⣿⣧⣿⣼⣧⣿⣧⣼⣯⣿⣼⣤⣧⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⢶⢶⣶⢶⣶⠶⡶⣶⢶⢶⠶⡶⢶⢶⢶⣶⣶⡶⢶⣶⣶⢶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⡿⡿⣿⢿⣿⣿
⣾⣶⣽⣼⣧⣿⣴⣧⣿⣼⣇⣾⣰⣦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣴⣿⣷⣽⣧⣿⣼⣿⣿⣧⣽⣿⣼⣿⣼⣧⣿⣴⣿⣼⣷⣧⣿⣮⣿⣴⣶⣼⣿⣿⣼⣯⣿⣵⣿⣽⣯⣷⣾⣿⣯⣿⣿⣾⣿⣧⣿⣿⣦⣿⣮⣿⣿⣷⣿⣭⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⢀⠀⣀⡀⢀⡀⡀⠀⠀⣿⡿⣿⡟⠿⣿⠟⠿⢿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢻⡟⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠓⠚⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⣿⢿⡿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣷⣾⣿⣾⣿⣷⢿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠰⠀⠀⠰⠰⠤⠶⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠷⣶⠷⠶⠟⠽⣿⣿⣷⡾⠶⠿⠿⣿⣿⠷⠾⠿⣷⣾⡶⠶⠾⢿⣿⣖⠾⠷⢶⢽⡷⠶⣶⠿⠷⢷⠷⠾⡞⢿⡷⠶⠠⢷⣿⡶⠷⣾⢷⣶⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠐⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣒⡖⢲⡓⠲⠒⢲⣳⡿⡿⣞⢖⡲⡲⡞⢖⣷⡳⠲⣾⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣿⣷⣷⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣷⣷⣶⣷⣶⣾⣾⣶⣶⣾⣾⣾⣶⣿⣷⣾⣾⣾⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠿⠿⡿⡿⠿⢿⡿⠾⢿⡿⠿⡿⡿⠿⠿⢿⢿⠿⠾⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⣿⠿⡿⡿⠿⡿⣿⠿⠿⡿⢿⢿⢿⣿⠿⠿⣿⢿⢿⢿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠁⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣷⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣷⣶⣿⣷⣶⣶⣾⣾⣷⣶⣶⣾⣿⣷⣶⣾⣷⣶⣷⣶⣷⣾⣷⣶⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣿⣾⣾⣷⣾⣶⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠖⠀⠊⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣭⣧⣭⣯⣬⣭⣭⣼⣿⣧⣯⣥⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣯⣭⣽⣧⣯⣿⣽⣭⣯⣭⣽⣿⣿⣯⣯⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣭⣼⣹⣿⣵⣭⣽⣯⣽⣯⣿⣧⣿⣿⣯⣯⣽⣬⣽⣿⣍⣧⣭⣿⣽
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣏⣛⣙⣿⣽⣿⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣻⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣏⣛⣹⣿⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣿⣹⣿⣟⣟⣿⣛⣟⣿⣛⣻⣿⣿⣛⣛⣿⣛⣋⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠁⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣭⣿⣿⣯⣯⣽⣭⣿⣿⣿⣯⣭⣧⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣯⣏⣽⣯⣽⣭⣯⣿⣽⣷⣭⣯⣳⣭⣽⣿⣿⣭⣯⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣏⣛⣟⣛⣛⣻⣿⣿⣏⣭⣿⣻⣋⣛⣟⣛⣛⣿⣿⣿⣻⣛⣻⣟⣛⣻⣻⣟⣛⣿⣿⣛⣻⣻⣛⣿⣟⣻⣿⣻⣿⣛⣛⣟⣿⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⣤⠀⢠⠄⠀⢠⠀⡀⠀⠀⣿⠟⢟⢿⣻⡿⢻⣻⡿⠛⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⢛⢛⣿⣟⢻⠛⣿⣿⠿⢻⠟⠛⠻⡿⢟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⢛⡻⣿⡟⠛⡿⣿⡿⡛⡟⠛⣿⠛⠛⢻⠿⠟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⢀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠉⠀⠈⠁⠀⠈⠀⠁⠀⠀⣿⣶⣿⣾⣿⣿⣾⣿⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣶⣾⣿⣿⣶⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠐⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣽⣧⣭⣭⣬⣭⣽⣿⣽⣷⣼⣽⣭⣬⣹⣥⣭⣏⣽⣭⣯⣽⣿⣿⣽⣭⣽⣽⣧⣭⣭⣽⣭⣩⣭⣽⣥⣯⣭⣯⣽⣿⣽⣏⣭⣭⣭⣭⣿⣯⣿⣿⣾⣯⣽⣬⣿⣵⣾⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡿⠿⡿⡿⡿⢿⠿⠿⠻⠿⣿⠛⡟⠿⢿⢿⠿⢿⢿⢿⢿⠿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⡿⡿⡿⣿⢿⣿⢿⡿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⡿⢿⣿⡿⡻⢿⠿⢿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠻⠟⠿⡟⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣾⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣾⣾⣿⣿⣷⣾⣶⣶⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠠⡤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣻⠛⠛⢿⣽⣿⣿⣻⣻⡟⠛⣿⣛⣛⢿⣿⡛⣟⣻⣻⢿⠟⢛⣻⠟⢻⣿⢻⡿⠛⠛⡟⣿⣛⢛⣿⣿⡛⡟⢻⣿⢻⣿⡟⠛⢻⣿⣟⢛⣻⣿⣿⢻⠛⣿⠟⡟⠛⣿⠛⣟⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⣿⢿⢿⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡿⢿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣾⣾⣿⣿⣾⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣶⣶⣾⣿⣶⣷⣿⣿⣷⣾⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣷⣷⣶⣶⣾⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠒⠂⠐⠀⠂⠀⠀⣿⣧⣽⣿⣽⣯⣽⣿⣭⣭⣿⣽⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣼⣽⣬⣭⣯⣽⣯⣍⣽⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣲⣶⡒⠒⣒⣖⣒⢖⢶⣲⣶⣖⣒⡲⣶⡫⣛⣻⣯⡋⢉⣏⢿⣙⣙⣏⣿⣿⣿⣯⣟⣛⡿⣛⣙⣟⣫⣟⣻⣟⣻⣙⣛⠛⣙⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⢀⢀⡀⠀⢀⢀⣀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠉⠈⠁⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠆⠢⠀⠄⠀⠄⠰⠠⠀⠀⠀⣿⣽⣿⣽⣯⣯⣹⣝⣭⣭⣏⣟⣭⣍⣫⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡀⠀⠈⠘⠁⠀⠈⠈⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣾⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠠⣠⡀⠀⣠⢠⡤⡀⠀⣠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠐⠂⠐⠀⠂⠀⠀⠐⠐⠀⠀⠀⣿⣚⣂⣐⣋⣑⣃⣑⣓⣒⣱⣀⣁⣋⣓⣑⣅⣙⣃⣛⣛⣙⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣒⣚⣘⣂⣀⣉⣈⣊⣖⣘⣂⣂⣓⣈⣐⣂⣁⣁⣗⣓⣓⣓⣛⣊⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⣀⠀⠄⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡿⡟⠿⠿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣟⠟⠟⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⠟⠻⣿⣿⣿⢻⡿⣿⠿⠿⠿⣿⠻⡿⢻⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⢿⡿⠿⠿⣿⢿⢿⠿⡟⢿⣿⠿⠻⠟⡟⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣾⣶⣿⣶⣿⣷⣷⣶⣧⣷⣷⣿⣷⣶⣶⣦⣯⣷⣷⣾⣷⣿⣴⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣷⣶⣶⣷⣾⣾⣾⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠠⠄⠄⠤⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⣿⣿⣟⣿⣛⣻⢻⢛⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠈⠂⠀⠊⠚⠘⠃⠀⠛⠚⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣧⣧⣤⣼⣿⣿⣭⣿⣷⣿⣮⣯⣽⣬⣼⣌⣬⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⢠⢠⢀⡄⠀⣀⠀⠀⡄⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠟⡛⢟⢟⡟⡻⣟⣻⢟⢛⢿⢻⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡤⢤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⡤⣤⣤⣤⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠛⠚⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠓⠚⠚⠛⠚⠛⠻⣿⣿⣶⣿⣾⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠐⠐⠂⠂⠐⠐⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣭⣽⣭⣿⣿⣽⣿⣽⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⢠⢀⠀⡀⠀⣀⠀⡀⡄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠛⠟⠛⠛⡟⣟⡟⣻⣿⢿⠿⠛⠿⢻⡿⠟⠻⢿⠛⠿⠿⡟⠿⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣾⣗⣖⣶⣷⣤⣄⣈⣨⣤⣾⣧⣦⣤⣦⣾⣮⣦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠃⠀⠀⡀⠀⡀⠀⢀⢀⠀⣀⡀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠿⠿⠿⣿⠿⣿⢿⣿⡿⠿⡿⡿⠟⠿⠿⠟⠟⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⢿⡿⡿⠿⠿⠿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯
⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠐⠐⠀⠒⠂⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣬⣬⣦⣧⣶⣷⣷⣽⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣤⣷⣬⣥⣨⣭⣧⣶⣷⣿⣬⣭⣷⣮⣧⣶⣮⣬⣽⣼⣾⣹⣮⣮⣥⣶⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠁⠀⠀⡀⠀⢀⢀⠀⡀⠀⣀⢀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⣿⠻⠟⠿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡻⠟⠿⣿⠟⠿⠿⠟⡛⡟⠟⠿⣿⣿⢿⡟⣻⢟⢿⢿⢛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏
⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠂⠀⠒⠂⠀⠐⠂⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⣿⣼⣴⣾⣾⣷⣶⣾⣷⣬⣾⣮⡥⣤⣾⣿⣭⣿⣾⣦⣿⣯⣯⣽⣿⣭⣯⣽⣭⣹⣮⣬⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣥⣭⣭⣥
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠈⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣴⣮⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣤⣼⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣥⣦⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣫⣫⣉⣩⡿⣯⣯⣽⣏⣟⣝⣹⣭⣉⣯⣻⣽⣽⣍⠋⣉⣹⣙⣉⣝⣹⣛⣏⡉⣩⣉⣉⣫⣽⣯⣋⣉⣹⢹⣻⣯⣫⣫⣋⣻⣻⣙⣽⣽⣿⣿⣍⣟⣿⣝⣿⣯⣉⡙⢹⣝⢯⣯⣯⣛⣿⣯⡿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣙⣉⣉⣩⣈⣭⣟⣟⣼⣽⣟⣉⣉⣛⣋⣙⣉⣉⣿⣿⣰⣽⣿⣷⣛⣫⣭⣿
⠁⠀⠀⠀⡄⠀⠀⢀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣻⣻⡻⣻⠛⠟⠛⣻⡛⣻⡟⡟⢛⣻⣻⣻⣻⣻⠛⡛⠿⣿⡛⠟⣿⢻⢻⢻⣿⣿⡟⢻⣿⣻⣻⠛⣛⡟⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠈⠂⠀⠒⠒⠀⠂⠀⠓⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⣿⣤⣄⣄⣤⣦⣿⣾⣦⣥⣤⣼⣤⣽⣿⣾⣮⣴⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⢀⠀⡀⡀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⢀⢀⡀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⡿⠿⣿⢿⣿⠿⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣧⣼⣵⣭⣤⡤⣤⡿⣯⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣤⣠⣤⡥⢤⢤⢬⢿⡯⡴⣽⢯⢼⣮⣤⣤⣄⣤⣤⡤⣼⣤⣥⢼⣿⡥⣾⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣮⣷⣾⣧⣭⣧⣤⣤⣬⣼⣄
⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⠛⠀⠀⠀⠃⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣯⣫⣯⣬⣵⣴⣽⠽⣥⣤⣤⣬⣤⣠⣬⣭⣥⣮⢭⡴⡭⣼⣼⣯⣯⡿⣵⢴⣏⣤⣤⢼⡭⢤⣥⣧⣮⣯⣯⣽⡧⣤⣤⢥⡲⣧⡤⣿⠿⢿⡿⡿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⠿⢿⡿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠁⠀⠐⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣷⣵⣤⣤⣬⣭⣯⣽⣽⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣥⣮⣿⣯⣤⣤⣴⣥⣥⣤⡯⣿⣴⢤⣥⣤⡮⡦⣤⣤⣦⣼⣽⣼⣥⣥⣤⢤⢬⣯⢯⣮⣭⣿⣵⣵⣯⡧⣬⣤⣤⠤⣷⣶⣤⣤⣯
⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣸⣿⣴⣴⣬⣧⣮⣦⣯⣴⣧⣭⣧⣴⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣴⣴⣤⣤⣤⣬⣷⣧⣮⣤⣽⣬⣤⣤⣼⣭⣦⣮⣽⣽⣧⣿⣦⣮⣯⣮⣤⣴⣴⣥⣤⣤⣯⣥⣴⣬⣧⣤⣬⣵⣥⣵⣬
⣿⣭⣥⣶⣾⣿⣿⣾⣾⣾⣬⣭⣽⣷⣿⣿⣾⣾⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣷⣬⣽⣤⣼⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⡀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣟⣋⣷⣰⣙⡏⣽⣀⣀⣏⣋⣇⣁⣏⣋⣍⣹⡿⣏⣮⣀⣴⣋⣎⣹⣱⣷⣋⣾⣇⣷⣿⣼⣷⣉⣙⣙⣽⣉⣉⣸⣉⣿⣙⣉⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣛⣏⣏⣽⣏⣍⣙⣉⣍⣋⣉
⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⡉⠀⠀⠈⠁⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣟⣯⣿⣾⣾⣺⣼⣷⣥⣯⣿⣋⣍⣾⣞⣱⣿⣿⣊⣿⣼⣿⣼⣿⣿⣋⣉⣉⣉⣯⣿⣿⣉⣉⣍⣹⢸⣡⣹⣱⣯⣯⣽⣯⣿⣯⣯⣯⣯⣉⣉⣉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣏⢩⣉⣉⣈⣙⣟⣲⢻⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣋⣉⣋⣉⣛⣻⣿⣿⣟⣉⣋⣉⡝⣷⣙⣔⣓⣑⣓⣠⣀⣀⣹⣇⣈⣕⣓⣪⣺⢿⣐⡸⢗⡸⣧⣊⣁⣩⣻⣋⣉⣘⠉⣉⣁⣏⣉
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⡽⡻⠛⢿⡙⢋⠋⢻⠉⠛⢹⣿⣛⡯⡏⠛⢻⡙⢻⡿⣿⡿⢻⣿⡿⡿⠟⠿⠙⠻⠛⠛⠛⢻⣹⣙⠛⡛⣟⠿⡟⢻⢹⢭⠛⠿⡏⡏⠛⢻⡙⠙⠛⡛⣿⣿⣿⠍⡫⡭⢽⣯⠍⠿
⣛⣿⢿⢿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⣿⢿⠿⡿⠿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣶⣶⡶⣾⠷⠿⣿⣿⣿⢾⣿⣶⢿⣿⣾⣿⢿⠿⣿⢿⣿⡶⣷⣶⡿⡿⠿⣿⣿⢾⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣧⡾⢿⣾⢾⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣶⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣶⣬⣄⣄⣤⣤⣮⣤⣤⣼⣴⣿⣿⣿⣭⣿⣾⣿⣿⣶⣤⣯⣽⣿⣿⣟⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣶⣛⣙⣙⣉⣍⣿⣟⣏⣩⣭⣽⣏⣻⣛⣟⣻⣿⣏⣟⣏⣉⣍⣍⣍⣹⣿⣟⣟⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⢄⠂⡖⡠⢂⢠⠒⡄⡖⠂⡖⡆⠢⡐⠐⡆⡔⡂⡔⢂⢰⠒⢰⢲⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡟⣿⣿⡗⣿⢿⣿⢿⢻⣿⢻⣿⣾⢻⣿⢻⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠁⠁⠈⠈⠈⠀⠁⠁⠀⠁⠁⠀⠈⠀⠁⠁⠁⠀⠈⠈⠀⠈⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡿⢿⢿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡘⡎⣹⢸⢽⢻⢹⢸⣿⡇⣜⡅⡏⡏⡏⣿⢸⡏⡏⡏⣿⡇⣿⠏⡏⡇⣿⢸⢹⢹⢽⢹⣿⡇⡙⣿⢹⢹⢹⢿⢹⢿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⡇⠀⠎⠀⢸⢸⠀⡯⡂⡇⢎⢨⢸⠀⡇⢸⠀⡃⡅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣾⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⢸⢹⠸⣾⡇⡿⡯⣿⣿⢷⣷⣏⣏⣿⡾⡽⣾⣻⣹⣿⣾⣾⣿⣿⡾⡽⣾⣹⣏⡿⣷⣷⣿⢾⣹⢿⢸⣿⣹⢿⢿⣹
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢢⡁⡇⠀⢇⢢⠀⠢⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⢰⣿⢯⣞⣿⢾⡹⣽⣼⡼⣾⡅⠘⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⡶⣶⠻⣻⣻⡻⣾⣿⣻⣷⣟⡟⣇⣟⣏⣟⢿⡇⣒⡿⣿⡟⣿⢿⢹⣟⣿⣳⠧⠻⡏⡿⠿⡻⣿⡇⡟⡿⣿⢻⢿⣿⢷⢿⢿⣟⢿⠿⣿⣻⢿⠻⢻⣿⣟⡿⣿⢿⢻⠻⣻⢻⢻⣻⢿⡟⡟
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣾⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⣿⣾⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣷⣷⣷⣷⣾⣿⣷⣿⣷⣿⣾⣿⣷⣶⣿⣷⣷⣿⣷⣷⣿⣾⣚⣼⣾⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⣾⣶⣿⣾⣾⣾⣾⣾⣾⣾⣾⣷⣟⣴⣷⣷
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠢⡁⡏⢜⢩⢰⠉⡄⡏⠁⡏⡇⠑⢌⠈⡇⡎⡅⠎⢡⢸⠉⢸⢹⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⢱⢱⢹⢸⢈⢾⣿⢹⡟⣿⡟⡏⣿⡇⡎⡇⡏⡇⡏⡎⣏⡿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⢦⡂⡆⣴⢐⢰⠂⡂⡦⠀⡆⡆⠐⣄⠐⡆⡆⡀⡔⢐⢰⠤⢰⢰⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣛⣿⣽⢛⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⢹⢹⢽⢹⢹⣿⡽⡽⡽⣋⣯⡫⣿⣟⣻⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣟⣽⢸⢟⣹⣟⢽⢹⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠁⠉⠀⠉⠀⠉⠀⠉⠁⠁⠈⠁⠈⠈⠁⠈⠁⠈⠁⠈⠉⠈⠁⠁⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣭⣩⣯⣏⣛⢉⣽⣽⣝⣙⣋⣭⣹⣝⣩⣻⣉⣫⣏⣿⡍⣉⣽⣽⣻⣹⣟⣩⣭⣻⣫⣯⣯⣋⣽⣽⣽⣩⣯⣯⣻⣫⣿⣝⣝⣝⣉⣿⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷
⡞⠛⡿⠿⡿⡿⠿⡿⡿⡿⡿⡿⢿⠿⣿⢿⠿⣿⠿⢿⢿⠿⠿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⢿⢿⢿⢿⡿⡿⣿⡟⡿⡿⡿⡿⡿⣿⠿⣿⠿⢿⣿⢿⢿⢿⣿⣿⠿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠿⢻⢻⢻⣿⢿⢿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣭⣧⣥⣮⣅⣮⣅⣧⣤⣭⣯⣭⣬⣴⣭⣿⣭⣴⣤⣬⣽⣿⣭⣥⣼⣿⣼⣼⣭⣼⣴⣴⣿⣧⣮⣥⣧⣯⣥⣧⣦⣾⣼⣼⣿⣤⣼⣤⣿⣯⣽⣭⣦⣴⣭⣭⣥⣯⣼⣼⣬⣭⣦⣼⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⡉⡉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⡉⡉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠀⠇⠇⠀⠇⠇⠸⠀⠇⠇⠸⠀⠇⠸⠂⠇⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣯⣞⣵⣱⣷⣧⣺⣖⣷⣾⣰⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⠂⡆⣄⠀⡄⡄⢰⠀⡆⡄⢠⠀⡄⢠⡀⡄⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡿⡿⣿⣻⠛⡟⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠁⠁⠀⠁⠁⠈⠀⠁⠁⠈⠀⠁⠈⠀⠁⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣷⣿⣾⣾⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣀⣶⠠⡤⠄⡤⢤⠄⢰⣆⣰⠀⡤⠤⡤⢤⠄⠠⡤⠄⡤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡏⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⡿⡿⣿⣿⢿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠀⠿⠀⠏⠀⠇⠸⠀⠸⠇⠸⠀⠇⠀⠇⠸⠄⠤⠏⠄⠇⠣⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣇⣟⣳⣒⣼⣿⣒⣿⣯⣒⣻⣿⣸⣛⣛⣟⡃⣧⣻⣿⣔⣾⣘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠒⡇⢸⠙⠈⡇⡏⢀⢸⠒⣿⠈⡇⢹⠉⢸⠁⢸⠉⡉⡏⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡏⠯⣟⠿⢿⠟⣿⣿⠸⡇⡏⣏⠿⣿⣿⢹⡹⢿⡿⣝⣻⠽⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣇⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⡄⢠⠀⡄⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠛⠛⡟⡿⣿⡿⢻⢿⠋⠿⣿⢿⠿⠛⢛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠈⠁⠁⠀⠈⠀⠈⠉⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣷⣶⣷⣷⣿⣾⣶⣷⣷⣷⣶⣶⣼⣷⣾⣿⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣬⣷⣷⣯⣾⣭⣥⢤⣿⣿⣼⡿⣼⡮⣥⣦⣿⣮⣵⡧⣿⣾⣽⣿⣧⣤⣽⣭⣷⣭⣾⣴⣯⣽⣿⣿⣧⣷⣿⢿⣿⡷⣷⣮⡯⣷⣷⣮⣧⣵⣷⣷⣼⣮⣭⣯⣯⣥⣷⣯⣽⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⢵⢤⣤⣾⣼⣶⣼⡤⣼⣧⢼⣿⣽⣥⠥⡼⢽⣽⣽⣥⢼⠽⢤⡿⢥⣧⢶⢧⡭⡤⡤⣧⣼⢮⣿⣤⡽⡧⢤⣤⣤⣤⣴⣼⣬⣧⣤⣦⣴⣤⣯⣭⣥⣽⣦⣿⣵⣤⣽⣧⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣷⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣾⣿⣷⣽⣾⣷⣶⣴⣾⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣶⣶⣾⣮⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠂⠃⠀⠐⠀⠐⠒⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀⣿⣧⣽⣿⣭⣭⣿⣿⣷⣿⣭⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠄⡄⠀⠄⠀⠠⣤⠀⡄⠄⠀⠀⣿⢟⠛⢻⢿⠛⢻⢛⡛⡻⣿⢿⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠈⠁⠁⠀⠈⠀⠈⠉⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⣿⣷⣶⣶⣷⣶⣾⣦⣾⣿⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠐⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣺⣻⣋⣹⣚⣯⣏⣟⣋⣉⣹⣏⣉⣏⣈⣻⣻⣻⣝⣿⣉⣉⣏⣉⣫⣭⣉⣈⣻⣛⣯⣫⣩⣛⣉⣙⣟⣫⣻⣏⣛⣏⣨⣽⣉⣩⣉⣍⣩⣋⣏⣏⣉⣟⣍⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⡀⢠⠀⡀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⡻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠂⠊⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣮⣺⣤⣤⣽⣤⣥⣾⣤⣬⣮⣼⣾⣶⣿⣦⣬⣼⣾⣤⣤⣿⣮⣄⣄⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠰⠀⠄⠰⠀⠄⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣟⣍⣟⣿⣛⣟⣻⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⡀⢀⠀⡀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠿⢿⢿⢿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠁⠈⠀⠁⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠂⠘⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣷⣯⣉⣿⣽⣩⣿⣽⣩⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⣤⠀⠀⢠⠠⡀⢀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⢿⠻⢿⡿⠿⣿⡿⠿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠛⠀⠀⠘⠘⠃⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣬⣤⣤⣴⣧⣤⣥⣧⣾⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠆⠄⠀⠠⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣛⣟⣟⣻⣟⣛⣛⣹⣿⣿⣯⣛⣻⣏⣟⣟⣟⣿⣟⣟⣙⣛⣛⣛⣿⣏⣿⣟⣹⣛⣿⣟⣟⣿⣛⣿⣿⣿⣛⣻⣿⣿⣻⣉⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⣿⣶⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠖⠀⠂⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣩⣏⣏⣙⣋⣍⣁⣘⣻⣏⣍⣉⣟⣍⣉⣘⣿⣯⣎⣻⣍⣭⣻⣈⣉⣽⣈⣈⣏⣯⣊⣍⣏⣉⣻⣍⣹⣨⣻⣫⣁⣙⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣯⠼⡇⡖⠄⡖⢰⠀⢹⠥⡏⢰⠐⡆⢲⠂⢰⠠⢰⢰⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡟⡟⣗⡟⣿⣿⡇⡟⡟⣟⢿⣿⣾⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠈⠁⠉⠀⠉⠈⠈⠉⠀⠉⠈⠀⠁⠈⠁⠈⠀⠈⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣾⣿⣶⣾⣾⣾⣾⣿⣶⣿⣶⣿⣾⣶⣷⣿⣶⣿⣶⣿⣷⣷⣷⣷⣿⣿⣶⣷⣷⣾⣷⣾⣾⣾⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠠⡄⣀⣀⡀⢠⢠⢄⣀⣀⡀⢀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠃⠁⠀⠃⠚⠘⠀⠀⠃⠃⠘⠁⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣫⣯⣽⣥⣿⣼⣧⣿⣾⣼⣯⣷⣷⣷⣿⣧⣿⣽⣭⣯⣿⣽⣿⣼⣧⣽⣭⣯⣽⣥⣿⣤⣿⣸⣷⣿⣽⣼⣾⣼⣿⣾⣧⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⡀⣀⣀⡀⢀⢀⢀⣀⡀⡀⢀⡀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠈⠃⠀⠀⠃⠘⠘⠀⠀⠃⠃⠘⠁⠚⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣼⣿⣾⣷⣿⣧⣽⣿⣽⣿⣿⣧⣯⣾⣿⣿⣼⣷⣿⣹⣿⣵⣿⣧⣿⣽⣯⣿⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣧⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡏⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⢉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⢉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠸⠸⠀⠇⠇⠸⠸⠸⠠⠄⠇⠸⠀⠞⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣸⣦⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣼⣷⣿⣾⣿⣾⣧⣿⣼⣶⣼⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣧⣿⣼⣧⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣯⣿⣿⣽⣽⣯⣿⣶⣿⣼⣧⣿⣿⣿
⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⡤⡄⢀⠠⡄⡄⣄⢠⢠⠠⠀⡄⢠⢤⡀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣼⣧⣿⣯⣿⣭⣿⣼⣼⣿⣭⣯⣿⣼⣼⣿⣿⣿⣦⣇⣿⣼⣧⣧⣿⣯⣿⣵⣾⣤⣿⣹⣿⣧⣿⣬⣿⣮⣏⣾⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣽⣧
⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠁⠈⠀⠁⠁⠁⠈⠈⠈⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠉⡏⡅⡇⡫⡇⡋⡫⢹⡷⡿⣿⠶⡇⢽⠉⣿⠉⡯⠋⡭⢹⠉⣿⠭⡯⠫⡝⣿⠨⡏⢹⡏⢙⠽⢸⠅⣿⠩⡇⢽⠭⡿⢹⢽⡏⡭⢹⠝⢩⢯
⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠂⠇⠌⠜⠀⠺⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡿⢿⡿⣿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷
⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣷⣿⣷⣿⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⢲⢰⢠⡄⡄⡄⢲⢰⢠⠠⠤⡄⢠⡄⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⢿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣟⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠈⠈⠀⠁⠁⠈⠈⠈⠀⠀⠁⠈⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣾⣿⣾⣷⣿⣷⣾⣿⣾⣿⣾⣷⣿⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣆⣰⡆⣤⠤⢠⠄⡄⠀⣶⣀⣶⠠⡄⢤⠤⢠⠀⢠⠤⠤⡤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣟⣻⣻⣻⣟⢿⢻⣻⡟⡿⣟⣿⣟⢿⢟⢿⣿⣟⢿⡻⣻⢟⢿⣿⡻⡻⡿⣻⣿⣻⢹⢟⣿⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠇⠼⠇⠿⠥⠸⠄⠧⠄⠿⠤⠿⠨⠇⠸⠄⠼⠤⠸⠭⠤⠏⠣⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣻⣛⣿⣺⣸⣸⣛⣇⣟⣛⣻⣔⣾⣗⣽⣿⣜⣜⣛⣿⣔⣾⣿⣇⣫⣧⣲⣷⣿⣸⣜⣷⣗⣾⣿⣿⣿
⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⢉⡉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⢉⡉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣒⡇⡏⣉⢉⣁⣸⢚⡇⡇⣉⢸⢀⡏⡁⡷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣸⣯⣿⢷⣿⣿⣿⣏⣯⣿⣿⣏⣿⣯⣿⣿⣝⣯⣿⣏⣯⣿⣹⣟⣽⣏⣿⣿⣹⣿⣏⣿⣹⣽⣿⣏⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣐⡆⡤⠤⠤⠄⢰⣰⡆⡄⠤⢠⠀⡤⠄⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢿⢿⢿⡿⡿⣿⢿⢿⡿⡿⣿⢿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠒⠃⠃⠒⠐⠒⠚⠐⠃⠃⠒⠘⠐⠃⠂⠋⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣾⣿⣷⣣⣿⣾⣾⣷⣣⣟⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⢸⠀⡦⢰⠀⠀⢸⠀⡇⠀⢰⠐⡆⠀⡦⢰⢰⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣻⡏⡟⣿⢿⣿⢹⢹⣟⡋⡟⣿⣽⢹⣿⢙⣋⣏⣛⣻⡋⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠏⠹⠀⠆⠸⠀⠀⠸⠈⠇⠀⠰⠀⠇⠀⠇⠼⠺⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⢸⣛⣷⣧⣽⣋⣿⣟⣻⣛⣟⣇⣿⣇⣇⣟⣟⣻⣠⣻⣇⣧⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣖⣰⠂⡄⢠⠠⠄⢰⣒⡖⠤⠤⠤⡄⠀⡄⢠⢤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⢫⢿⣿⣿⢿⢿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⡿⣿⢹⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠓⠘⠀⠃⠘⠐⠂⠘⠀⠃⠒⠘⠂⠃⠀⠃⠚⠈⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣼⣼⣯⣽⣼⣼⣼⣯⣭⣧⣿⣭⣯⣮⣼⣼⣵⣥⣿⣯⣿⣼⣼⣽⣽⣷⣽⣷⣾⣯⣯⣽⣿⣿⣽⣾⣼⣼⣯⣯⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣶⣶⢶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⢶⣶⢶⣶⣶⢶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣸⣻⣿⣹⣿⣿⣇⣟⣿⣿⣸⣹⣸⣿⣻⣿⣿⣸⣿⣗⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣟⣇⣗⣿⣗⣧⣿⣿⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣫⣷⣿⣻⣞⣿⣿⣇⣟⣿⣇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡯⢼⠑⡶⢰⠒⠂⢸⠭⡏⠒⢲⠒⡖⠀⡖⢰⢲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡿⡟⣿⣟⣽⢻⢻⣿⣯⡟⡏⣾⣿⣿⡹⡻⣿⣿⣻⣿⡿⣿⣿⣽⢻⣫⢟⢯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠈⠉⠉⠈⠉⠉⠈⠉⠉⠉⠈⠁⠉⠁⠉⠉⠁⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣁⣿⠁⣤⢀⠀⡄⢠⡄⠀⢹⣁⣹⡇⢠⠠⢠⡄⠠⡄⠀⢤⢀⠄⡤⢤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⢸⢛⡗⣷⢸⡾⣿⣿⢙⣷⢟⢻⡿⣛⢿⣿⡓⡿⣛⢿⣛⡟⣟⣻⣛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠿⠀⠿⠄⠿⠈⠄⠇⠸⠇⠄⠼⠄⠼⠇⠸⠀⠸⠇⠰⠇⠀⠼⠈⠄⠏⠱⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣟⣰⣙⣇⣛⣸⣃⣿⣿⣘⣟⣻⣛⣧⣒⣼⣿⡇⣧⣒⣺⣧⣽⣠⣿⣒⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠉⠉⠉⠉⡉⢉⢉⢉⢉⡉⡉⣉⠉⠉⡉⢉⡉⣉⢉⡉⠉⠉⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠈⠐⠃⠘⠘⠘⠈⠐⠘⠘⠈⠑⠃⠃⠘⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣧⣿⣼⣿⣴⣿⣯⣼⣧⣿⣿⣼⣯⣿⣿⣾⣼⣯⣿⣵⣿⣧⣾⣿⣧⣼⣧⣾⣿⣼⣧⣿⣧⣿⣧⣿⣽⣿⣼⣯⣧⣿⣴⣧⣿⣧⣿⣧⣿⣯⣾⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠈⠐⠃⠙⠘⠘⠈⠐⠘⠘⠐⠁⠃⠃⠘⠐⠁⠀⠀⠀⣿⣷⣿⣾⣿⣼⣷⣾⣷⣯⣧⣿⣼⣿⣾⣿⣴⣿⣬⣿⣼⣷⣼⣷⣿⣵⣿⣯⣼⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣧⣿⣾⣿⣾⣿⣾⣽⣷⣿⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠠⠂⠆⠸⠸⠸⠣⠂⠸⠹⠑⠓⠏⠇⠸⠡⠁⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣟⣿⣿⣻⣿⣽⣯⣿⣟⣿⣯⣿⣫⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣹⣯⣿⣽⣿⣸⣿⣼⣏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿
⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡿⢿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣷⣿⣿⣽⣿⣎⣿⣼⣷⣽⣶⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠤⡄⢀⡀⡀⢠⢠⢀⣀⠀⠀⡀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡿⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠐⠂⠑⠃⠃⠘⠘⠘⠘⠀⠐⠃⠘⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣯⣯⣿⣬⣿⣴⣵⣾⣽⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⠉⡉⠉⠉⠉⢉⢉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠈⠀⠀⠂⠃⠘⠘⠘⠘⠀⠀⠃⠘⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣼⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⡄⢀⢠⡄⡀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠿⠛⠟⡛⡟⠛⠻⣛⣻⡻⠛⢿⣟⡟⡟⠟⡿⠟⢿⠻⠛⢻⠻⡛⣛⢟⢻⣛⠟⠛⢿⡻⡛⢛⢻⢻⣛⠟⠻⡻⡛⣿⡟⠛⠛⢛⢛⣻⠟⠻⡻⠛⠻⢟⣟⡿⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠹⡟⠯⢝⢻⠻⠟⠋⢿⠓⠊⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠁⠈⠈⠁⠉⠀⠁⠈⠈⠀⠀⠀⢸⣾⣷⣾⣷⣯⣶⣶⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠆⠰⠰⠆⠶⠀⠆⠰⠰⠂⠀⠀⢸⣉⣉⣹⣉⣏⣉⣹⣙⣽⣉⣘⣏⡙⡏⣏⣉⣯⡩⣽⣙⣩⣍⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⢍⠿⡽⡹⡏⡿⡛⠛⡏⠛⠿⠝⣟⠟⠻⠿⠛⠻⡟⡝⠛⢻⠟⠛⠛⢻⠫⡏⠻⡟⠙⠻⠛⣿⠿⠛⠛⢻⠹⢿⠛⠛⡏⠻⡿⠿⢿⣿⡭⠙⢻⡏⡟⢛⠏⠛⢿⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠁⠈⠈⠁⠀⠁⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣹⣛⣉⣹⣻⣩⣛⡛⣛⣛⣛⣏⣻⣻⣽⣟⣿⣛⣋⣟⣟⣩⣛⣚⣼⣛⣏⣻⡙⣛⣟⣻⣻⣛⣛⣟⣙⣿⣿⣻⣿⣛⣛⣟⣟⣛⣟⣛⣟⣿⣻⣿⣭⣉⣯⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣋⣉⣫⣍⣙⣿⣭⣩⣻⣿⣿⣭⣉⣽⣿⣏⣉⣽⣭⣹⣽⣩⣯⣭⣟⣿⣟⣏⣻⣉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣫⣉⣉⠋⣉⣹⣿⣩⣻⣿⣍⣉⣙⣙⣭⣯⡙⣩⣯⣹⣏⣿⣯⣽⣿⣏⣯⣟⣛⣟⢏⣏⣯⡉⣹⣟⣻⣻⣛⣝⣟⣉⢋⣯⣿⣯⣝⣻⣟⣍⣛⣟⣻⣟⣝⣫⣟⣿⣙⣫⣿⣽⣿⣋⣋⣩⣍⣋⣿⢿⣛⣿⣽
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣛⣋⣝⣿⣏⣉⣹⣭⣻⣿⣭⣟⣿⣗⣗⣇⣃⣽⣉⣯
⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣽⣽⣩⣿⣽⣉⣹⣩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣭⣽⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⠉⡉⠉⠉⡉⠉⢉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⠉⠉⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠘⠁⠃⠘⠀⠃⠈⠂⠃⠃⠃⠚⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣇⣿⣤⣷⣄⣿⣼⣿⣤⣽⣿⣾⣯⣷⣥⣿⣧⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠉⠉⠉⡉⣉⠉⠉⠉⢉⠉⣉⢉⠉⡉⣉⢉⡉⡉⢉⡉⠉⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠈⠘⠘⠀⠃⠘⠀⠛⠀⠂⠃⠂⠐⠀⠋⠘⠃⠀⠀⢸⣿⣾⣧⣯⣿⣾⣾⣿⣼⣷⣮⣿⣿⣯⣾⣿⣿⣾⣧⣾⣿⣧⣿⣧⣿⣇⣿⣴⣿⣼⣿⣧⣼⣿⣬⣿⣦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢹⣿⣿⠻⡿⢿⡿⣿⡿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣻⠻⣿⠻⣿⢻⡟⢿⣿⣻⢻⣿⡿⣿⢻⡿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⠿⣿⠿⣿⢿⣿⢻⢻⣿⡟⠿⣻⡟⣻⣿⢟⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⢿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣾⣷⡿⣧⡿⣷⣾⣿⣾⢿⣷⣿⡿⣶⣿⣾⣷⣾⣿⣷⣷⣾⣷⣿⣾⣷⣾⣿⢿⣷⣿⣶⣿⣶⣿⣮⣿⣾⣾⣿⣷⣿⣿⣷⣾⡿⣷⣿⣷⣿⣷⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠃⠃⠘⠀⠃⠚⠘⠘⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣾⣧⣴⣧⣿⣦⣿⣶⣔⣧⣼⣧⣿⣧⣿⣶⣿⣦⣽⣸⣽⣵⣮⣿⣴⣧⣿⣧⣿⣼⣧⣿⣤⣿⣇⣿⣴⣴⣮⣿⣦⣿⣴⣼⣿⣼⣧⣿⣯⣴⣿⣴⣭⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⡆⢠⠂⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣭⣿⣽⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣽⣿⣽⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣸⣯⣽⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣫⣿⣏⣿⣟⣿⣯⣿⣿⣻⣿⣫⣿⣿⣿⣿⣸⣿⣸⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣿⣭⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡟⡻⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⢿⢻⢿⡿⣻⢻⣿⡿⣻⣿⠛⠟⡏⣿⣩⣟⢛⡿⢛⢟⡟⣿⣿⣭⡝⠻⢻⣿⡻⡽⣻⢛⢻⡻⣿⢹⣻
⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣧⣿⣶⣷⣾⣶⣾⣷⣷⣷⣿⣷⣷⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⣾⣷⣿⣶⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣏⣿⣿⣹⣯⣏⠿⣍⣻⣞⣽⣼⣿⣻⣮⣷⣻⣳⣓⣞⣏⣿⣿⣙⣯⣯⠻⣧⣻⣞⣿⣅⣷⣹⣯⣹⣿⣻⣿⣊⣿⣜⣿⣹⣿⣝⣻⣿⣛⣿⣝⣿⢸⣷⣹⣏⣽⣭⣟⣿⣈⣿⣛⢿⣉⣻⣽⣏⣿⣏⣿⣍
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⡿⣿
⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠢⠰⠰⠀⠆⠰⠀⠶⠐⠄⠆⠀⠠⠀⠆⠰⠆⠀⠀⢸⣿⣍⣿⡏⣿⣩⣿⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠢⠰⠰⠀⠆⠰⠀⠶⠐⠄⠆⠀⠐⠀⠆⠰⠆⠀⠀⢸⣿⣍⣿⣯⣿⢙⣿⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠢⠰⠰⠀⠆⠰⠀⠶⠐⠄⠆⠀⠐⠀⠆⠰⠆⠀⠀⢸⣿⣍⣿⣭⣿⢙⣿⣩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠢⠰⠰⠀⠆⢰⠀⡶⠐⠄⡆⠂⠐⠀⡆⠰⠆⠀⠀⢸⣿⣍⣿⣭⣿⢙⣿⣩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠢⠰⠰⠀⠆⢰⠀⠶⠐⠄⡆⠂⠐⠀⡆⠰⠆⠀⠀⢸⣿⣍⣿⣭⣯⢙⣿⣩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⡢⢰⢰⡀⠆⢰⠀⡶⠐⠄⡆⣂⢐⡀⡆⢰⡂⠀⠀⢸⣿⣍⣿⣭⣿⢙⣿⣩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣷⣿⣿⣟⣿⣏⣿⣏⣏⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣟⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣯⡿⣽⣟⣾⣿⣷⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣩⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢀⡀⠀⠤⡀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⢟⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⢻⡻⣿⣿⡿⡿⣟⡿⣿⣿⢿⡿⠿⠿⢿⡿⢿⣿⣿⢿⢿⠿⢿⡿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⢟⢿⢿⠻⢿⡿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠘⠋⠀⠚⠐⠡⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣷⣾⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣷⣷⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣥⣦⣿⣾⣧⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣤⣵⣯⣿⣾⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⡄⡠⢠⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⢛⣿⠻⠙⣻⣿⣛⡟⠏⢿⡛⣟⣛⡿⡿⣟⡟⣟⡻⡿⣟⠻⣿⡛⢛⣿⣿⠛⢻⠛⣛⡟⢫⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⢿⢿⢿⠿⢿⠿⠿⢿⢿⣿⢿⠿⡿⣿⢿⠿⢿⢿⠿⠿⢿⢿⣿⣿⠿⡿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠁⠁⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣾⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣶⣷⣾⣾⣶⣿⣷⣶⣶⣾⣷⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠒⠀⠊⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣤⣭⣹⣭⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣭⣽⣽⣭⣭⣯⣿⣧⣤⣩⣿⣯⣿⣬⣭⣿⣫⣽⣤⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠠⠠⠄⠤⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⣿⠍⢛⠛⠛⢿⢩⢿⠛⠛⢙⣟⣻⢻⣿⢛⣿⠿⡟⠿⣿⣿⠻⣿⣿⣿⣛⢻⣿⢿⣿⠻⣿⣿⣽⣿⣟⡟⠻⣿⣿⢟⠛⣛⣿⠿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣟⣛⣿⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠰⠠⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣏⣻⣍⣛⣿⣿⣟⣏⣹⢹⣝⣭⣉⣭⣉⣻⣉⣉⣉⣛⣉⣉⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⡯⡽⢛⣹⡛⠛⣻⣟⠏⡿⢻⢻⣟⢛⢻⡛⣻⣿⡛⣻⣿⢿⢻⠙⣻⠟⠛⢛⢿⠫⡿⢛⣻⣿⣿⢟⡛⣿⡛⡛⡿⣿⣿⣟⢛⢻⣿⣏⠛⠛⣛⡿⣿⡿⣫⣻⠟⠟⡿⠟⣛
⠉⠉⠉⡉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣉⣉⢉⡉⡉⠉⠉⣿⣿⣿⠟⡿⠿⡿⡟⣿⣿⢿⣿⠿⠿⢿⠿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣶⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠘⠃⠀⠀⠀⣿⣤⣬⣧⣧⣤⣼⣯⣾⣼⣼⣤⣤⣴⣯⣽⣷⣦⣼⣿⣤⣤⣥⣧⣷⣧⣧⣤⣼⣾⣽⣤⣯⣬⣽⣮⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠖⠰⠆⠀⠀⠀⣿⣽⣽⣩⣹⣙⣯⣯⣏⣯⣻⣏⣙⣉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠿⡿⡟⠛⢛⡿⣿⢛⠛⡛⠛⠛⢻⢻⢟⢻⠛⢛⠛⢛⢻⢿⣿⢿⠛⢛⡿⢻⢿⣛⠻⡿⣟⢻⣛⣿⡿⡛⡿⡿⡛⡟⡛⠛⣿⡿⡿⠻⠟⣛⡿⡛⢟⢿⢻⡿⢛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠈⠀⠉⠉⠈⠁⠁⠀⠀⣿⣍⣯⢉⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
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䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1207
╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕
⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.20.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧
Gemini_version_available_♊︎
✐ Links_20/08/2023:Ethernet_Switch_Based_on_Milk-V(Based_on_Free_Chip
Design)⠀✐
Posted in News_Roundup at 1:09 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈
§ Contents⠀➾
* GNU/Linux
o Desktop/Laptop
o Applications
o Instructionals/Technical
o Games
* Distributions_and_Operating_Systems
o SUSE/OpenSUSE
o Canonical/Ubuntu_Family
o Devices/Embedded
o Open_Hardware/Modding
o Mobile_Systems/Mobile_Applications
* Free,_Libre,_and_Open_Source_Software
o Programming/Development
* Leftovers
o Education
o Hardware
o Health/Nutrition/Agriculture
o Proprietary/Artificial_Intelligence_(AI)
o Security
# Privacy/Surveillance
o Defence/Aggression
o Environment
# Energy/Transportation
# Wildlife/Nature
o Finance
o AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics
o Censorship/Free_Speech
o Freedom_of_Information_/_Freedom_of_the_Press
o Civil_Rights/Policing
o Digital_Restrictions_(DRM)
o Monopolies
# Trademarks
# Copyrights
* § GNU/Linux⠀➾
o ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Linux,_Running_On_Not_A_Lot⠀⇛
There are many possible answers to the question of what
the lowest-powered hardware on which Linux could run
might be, but it’s usually a pre-requisite for a Linux-
capable platform to have a memory management unit, or
MMU. That’s not the whole story though, because there are
microcontroller-focused variants of the kernel which
don’t require an MMU, including one for the Xtensa cores
found on many Espressif chips. It’s this that [Naveen] is
using to produce a computer which may not be the Linux
computer with the lowest processor power, but could be
the one consuming the least electrical power.
The result is definitely not a Linux powerhouse, but with
its Arduino-sourced ESP32 board stacked on an UNO and I2C
keyboard and display, it’s an extremely lightweight
device. The question remains, though, is it more than a
curiosity, and to what can it do? The chief advantage it
has over its competitors such as the Raspberry Pi Zero
comes in low power consumption, but can its cut-down
Linux offer as much as a full-fat version? We are
guessing that some commenters below will know the answer.
o § Desktop/Laptop⠀➾
# ⚓ Windows Central ☛ Even_Linux_users_can_get_a_Microsoft
Surface-alike_now_|_Windows_Central⠀⇛
The design, and most likely also the construction,
doesn’t quite hit Surface levels, but from the
early images it doesn’t look bad at all. The
display is a 2880 x 1920 resolution panel, which
itself is amazing for something this affordable. It
also promises 16GB of RAM, and storage is available
from 512GB up to 2TB.
o § Applications⠀➾
# ⚓ Make Use Of ☛ The_6_Best_Spelling_and_Grammar_Checkers_for
Linux⠀⇛
Grammarly is everyone’s go-to tool for vocabulary
and grammar correction. Unfortunately, Grammarly’s
desktop app does not work on Linux, which is one of
the primary reasons Linux users look for Grammarly
alternatives.
There are a few Linux native apps, which work
seamlessly as alternatives, and most of all, they
get the work done in the easiest ways. If you are
looking for a grammar app to run on your Linux PC,
then it’s time for you to consider a few of these
Linux-friendly grammar applications.
o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾
# ⚓ Vermaden ☛ Quick_DBUS_Fix⠀⇛
Recently I again started to have some DBUS issues.
Like GIMP opening a new instance everytime instead
of just opening next file as a tab. After some
investigation it seems that because DBUS got broken
– example output from terminal for Caja file
manager from Mate.
# ⚓ Terence Eden ☛ Let’s_build_a_website_using_XML!⠀⇛
It is 2023. XHTML is dead and buried. HTML is a
“living standard” with billions of users. So what
kind of idiot would want to build a website using
XML?
Me. I am that idiot.
# ⚓ Software Is Crap ☛ Escape_from_System_D,_episode_VIII:_the
Road_Behind_is_Longer⠀⇛
Ok, well. This has certainly been a long time
coming. According to my records (in the form of
blog posts mainly) I first announced Dinit to the
wider world in June 2017. By that time I’d been
working on it for around 2 years already – as a
hobby, on-and-off. Development has continued, at
what sometimes feels like a glacial pace, since
then: I simply don’t have as much time that I’d
like to be able to devote to it (nor the funds to
be able to put aside bread-winning concerns in
order to make that time).
That initial announcement was met with some
encouragement, and some derision. I had set lofty
goals, and there were plenty who were happy to fire
snide remarks, criticise my level of experience
(even if they knew nothing about me), attack my
choice of programming language, accuse me of
hubris, etc. But the encouragement was enough to
offset it! I’ll be ever grateful who simply said
“good luck!” and told me to ignore the trolls. Some
of them also offered great advice.
However, I won’t talk about the history further;
I’ve covered it in other blog posts. What’s more
important is what has been happening more recently.
# ⚓ Adriaan Roselli ☛ Styling_Links_and_Buttons⠀⇛
I made a tutorial for styling links and buttons,
something which many developers have struggled with
(resulting in links used as buttons and buttons
used as links). I have embedded it on this page,
but if you are coming in with your RSS reader you
can visit the tutorial directly and walk through it
there.
# ⚓ Chris Hannah ☛ Blog_Update⠀⇛
As you may have known, my blog has been powered by
Ghost for a few years. It’s definitely served me
well. However, a while ago I started to like the
idea of static sites. Seeing as my blog is
essentially a list of static posts, it felt a bit
weird that the pages were being served dynamically.
So, I started on the journey of moving to Hugo.
# ⚓ ansible-core_>=_2.15.3-1_update_may_require_manual
intervention⠀⇛
As of ansible-core 2.15.3, upstream moved
documentation and examples to a separate dedicated
repository (see the related changelogs). This means
that, starting from version 2.15.3 the ansible-core
package will stop shipping documentation and a
default configuration example under /etc/ansible/
ansible.cfg.
# ⚓ Linux Handbook ☛ Get_Script_Directory_Location_in_Bash⠀⇛
In a situation where your bash script needs to get
the directory location where it is located?
# ⚓ TecMint ☛ 2_Useful_Tools_to_Count_Lines_of_Source_Code_in
Programming_Languages⠀⇛
In the realm of software development, managing and
understanding codebase metrics is crucial for
maintaining code quality, optimizing performance,
and ensuring efficient collaboration among
development teams.
Tools that assist in analyzing and quantifying code
statistics play a pivotal role in this process. Two
prominent tools that have gained traction for their
simplicity and effectiveness are “SLOC, CLOC, and
Code” or simply “scc” and “CLOC” (Count Lines of
Code).Table of ContentsToggleWhat is scc?What is
Cloc?Install Sloc Cloc and Code (scc) in
LinuxInstall Cloc on LinuxCount Lines of Code in
FileOther Code CountersConclusion
# ⚓ LinuxTechi ☛ How_to_Install_Ansible_on_Ubuntu_22.04_Step-
by-Step⠀⇛
# ⚓ OSNote ☛ Handle_Gmail_with_Roundcube_Webmail_User_Agent⠀⇛
In this tutorial we will describe how to install
and configure the latest version of the Roundcube
Webmail User Agent in Debian to manage emails from
one of the most popular email services, Google
Gmail.
# ⚓ RoseHosting ☛ How_to_Install_SuiteCRM_on_Ubuntu_22.04⠀⇛
Suite CRM is an open-source Customer Relationship
Management system written in PHP. Suite CRM is an
extended version of SugarCRM and was developed when
SugarCRM stopped its open-sourced version.
Now, Suite CRM as a system offers a variety of new
modules such as Products, Quotes, Teams Security,
Responsive Theme, and many more.
In this tutorial, we are going to explain in step-
by-step detail how to install SuiteCRM with LAMP
stack on Ubuntu 22.04 OS. Let’s get started!
# ⚓ Make Use Of ☛ The_5_Best_Linux_Tools_for_Directory
Bursting⠀⇛
In the reconnaissance stage of every web
application pentest, it is essential to find
possible directories on the application. These
directories might hold significant information and
findings that would help you greatly to find
vulnerabilities in the application and improve its
security.
Luckily, there are tools on the internet that make
directory brute-forcing easier, automated, and
faster. Here are five directory-bursting tools on
Linux to enumerate hidden directories on a web
application.
# ⚓ Electronics Weekly ☛ Tribulations_on_the_road_to_running
UGS_under_Mint_Linux⠀⇛
Last weekend, I spent many hours banging my head
against software, trying to get Universal G-code
sender to run with Mint Linux.
# ⚓ How_to_Delete_Files_and_Directories_in_Linux⠀⇛
Deleting files and directories is an essential
skill you must have as a Linux user. While it’s not
hard, you can get more out of the needed Linux
commands once you learn how to use them properly.
In this tutorial, we’ll show you the different ways
you can delete files and directories in Linux.
Let’s get started!
o § Games⠀➾
# ⚓ GamingOnLinux ☛ ARMORED_CORE_VI_FIRES_OF_RUBICON_rated
Steam_Deck_Playable_ahead_of_release⠀⇛
ARMORED CORE VI FIRES OF RUBICON is a seriously
exciting upcoming release from the ELDEN RING
developer FromSoftware. Seems it will run well
enough on Steam Deck at release!
# ⚓ GamingOnLinux ☛ Linux_players_getting_banned_on_Apex
Legends_again⠀⇛
Respawn have begun another little ban wave or
they’ve tweaked something in their anti-cheat that
Linux / Steam Deck players are getting caught in
for Apex Legends.
# ⚓ GamingOnLinux ☛ Proton_Experimental_updated_for_August_18
fixing_up_more_regressions⠀⇛
Valve continue cleaning up regressions with a new
Proton Experimental release put up on August 18th,
so here’s what’s been sorted this time.
* § Distributions and Operating Systems⠀➾
o § SUSE/OpenSUSE⠀➾
# ⚓ Slashdot ☛ SUSE_To_Flip_Back_Into_Private_Ownership⠀⇛
# ⚓ WRAL Techwire ☛ Linux_developer_SUSE,_which_is_involved_in
Red_Hat_fight,_moves_to_go_private_|_WRAL_TechWire⠀⇛
One of the companies fighting with Red Hat over
changes affecting Red Hat Enterprise Linux, is
going private.
SUSE is seeking to delist from the Frankfurt Stock
Exchange, reports ITPro.com.
Such a move “will allow SUSE to focus fully on its
operational priorities and execution of its long-
term strategy,” SUSE says, according to the report.
“The company has also waded into the Red Hat
Enterprise Linux (RHEL) furor, first with plans to
invest over $10 million into a fork of RHEL and,
most recently, by forming the Open Enterprise Linux
Association (OpenELA) with Oracle and CIQ,” ITPro
adds.
o § Canonical/Ubuntu Family⠀➾
# ⚓ It’s FOSS ☛ Ubuntu_23.10:_Release_Date_and_New_Features⠀⇛
This is that time of the year when we wait for one
of Ubuntu’s upcoming non-LTS releases. Code-named
Ubuntu 23.10 ‘Mantic Minotaur,’ features an
impressive set of new features and improvements.
Ubuntu 23.10 will be released on October 12, 2023.
Here, we will highlight some of the critical
changes expected to arrive with Ubuntu 23.10.
# ⚓ XDA ☛ What_is_Ubuntu?_The_ins_and_outs_of_one_of_the_most
popular_Linux_distros⠀⇛
You’ve probably heard of Linux even if you haven’t
used it, and while it is often talked about as an
alternative to Windows, Linux isn’t just one thing.
There are lots of different implementations of
Linux, and one of the most popular is Ubuntu, which
advertises itself as the Linux operating system for
data centers, enterprise PCs, regular desktops and
laptops, and more. Here’s everything you need to
know about Ubuntu.
One of the somewhat confusing things about Linux is
that it’s often pitched as Windows’s primary rival,
but strictly speaking there isn’t some Linux OS you
install on your computer. Instead, there are lots
of implementations of Linux called distributions or
distros, and these distros are how you access the
Linux software ecosystem. Ubuntu is a Linux distro,
but it isn’t Linux itself.
Linux on its own is merely a kernel that can
provide the underlying basis of an operating
system. Technically you could just run the kernel,
but as a user there wouldn’t be anything to
interface with: no windows, no taskbar, nothing.
Ubuntu and other distros exist on top of the Linux
kernel and provide that user interface and
everything else that makes an OS an OS.
o § Devices/Embedded⠀➾
# ⚓ Linux Gizmos ☛ SECO’s_3.5”_Rockchip-based_SBC_offers_dual
GbE_ports⠀⇛
For networking, the Saylor SBC features two Gigabit
Ethernet ports, implemented using the TI DP83867
Ethernet PHY on an RGMII interface. This SECO SBC
also offers optional on-board wireless
capabilities, including an M.2 1216 module for WLAN
802.11 a/b/g/n/ac and Bluetooth 5.0. Furthermore,
an M.2 Socket 2 Key B is available for LTE modules.
The product page indicates that the SAYLOR supports
Linux Yocto and Android. The embedded device is
available in multiple temperature ranges, including
commercial, extended and industrial variants.
o § Open Hardware/Modding⠀➾
# ⚓ Andrew Hutchings ☛ Amiga_4000_Restoration_x2:_Part_8⠀⇛
With one machine down and with what, I think, is
the diagnosis of the final issue with the second
one, it is time for the home stretch.
# ⚓ Raspberry Pi ☛ Small_satellites_and_big_antennas⠀⇛
Over the last decade or so the definition of what a
‘small satellite’ is has ballooned beyond the
original cubesat design specification to embrace
satellites of 50 or 100 kg or more. Today a
‘smallsat’ is defined far more by its cost, and
sometimes the technologies used, than the size and
shape of the box that goes into orbit; and over the
next few years the number of small satellites in
orbit is going to rise exponentially.
# ⚓ Linux Gizmos ☛ Milk-V_Unveils_World’s_First_RISC-V_Open
Source_10G_Ethernet_Switch⠀⇛
Milk-V recently released specifications for the
Milk-V Vega which is described as the first RISC-
V 10 Gigabit Ethernet Switch implemented on the
FSL1030M network switch chip. The company also
mentions that the device is built on an open-source
Linux system.
o § Mobile Systems/Mobile Applications⠀➾
# ⚓ Hindustan Times ☛ Fresh_look!_Google_Docs,_Sheets,_and
Slides_shine_with_new_updates_on_Android_|_Tech_News⠀⇛
# ⚓ Ghacks ☛ Mozilla_disables_Pull-to-refresh_by_default_in
Firefox_for_Android⠀⇛
# ⚓ GSM Arena ☛ One_UI_6_based_on_Android_14_beta_for_Galaxy
S22_series_is_inching_closer_to_launch_–_GSMArena.com_news⠀⇛
# ⚓ Hindustan Times ☛ New_stealthy_Android_malware_stumps
antivirus,_poses_huge_threat_to_phones,_study_reveals_|_Tech
News⠀⇛
# ⚓ SlashGear ☛ How_To_Customize_Your_Android_Auto_Display⠀⇛
# ⚓ SlashGear ☛ Android_Phone_Not_Connecting_To_Your_Computer?
Here’s_How_To_Fix_It⠀⇛
# ⚓ GSM Arena ☛ Weekly_poll_results:_Android_Auto_is_the_fan
favorite,_Apple_CarPlay_also_has_its_fans_–_GSMArena.com
news⠀⇛
# ⚓ Phone Arena ☛ Teens_believe_that_Android_phones_are_for_old
people_and_parents_only_–_PhoneArena⠀⇛
* § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾
o ⚓ Nzyme.org ☛ Development_Update_002⠀⇛
We are back from Las Vegas and had a great time at BSides
as well as at DEF CON. Teams on site ran the latest nzyme
alpha release to monitor the local WiFi environment.
Things worked even better than expected and we took a ton
of experience and new ideas home.
o § Programming/Development⠀➾
# ⚓ Dan Cowell ☛ Breaking_the_rules:_I_threw_away_10_months_of
work_after_2_months_on_the_job.⠀⇛
Our JavaScript bundle size was 168mb on a good day.
The development environment took 3 minutes to
become responsive on a top-of-the-line MacBook Pro.
Engineers would regularly come in to work, type npm
run dev and go for a coffee while their machine’s
fans tried and failed to keep up with the demands
placed on them by our bloated project.
Where did it go so wrong?
# ⚓ Daniel Lemire ☛ Transcoding_Latin_1_strings_to_UTF-
8_strings_at_12_GB/s_using_AVX-512⠀⇛
Though most strings online today follow the Unicode
standard (e.g., using UTF-8), the Latin 1 standard
is still in widespread inside some systems (such as
browsers). It captures the first 256 characters
from the Unicode standard and represents them as a
single byte per character.
In a previous blog post, we examined how we could
convert UTF-8 strings to Latin 1. I want to examine
the reverse problem, the transcoding of Latin 1
strings to UTF-8. We receive a byte array, and each
byte is one character. There is no need for any
validation. However, some characters (the ASCII
characters) are mapped to one byte whereas all
others should be mapped to two bytes.
# ⚓ MaskRay ☛ My_involvement_with_LLVM_17⠀⇛
LLVM 17 will soon be relased. This post provides a
summary of my contributions in this release cycle
to record my learning progress.
* § Leftovers⠀➾
o ⚓ Daniel Miessler ☛ What_I’m_Doing_and_How_It’s_Going⠀⇛
I’ve needed to write this for a long time, for multiple
reasons.
1. Lots of people have been asking what the hell I’m
doing. Like do I work somewhere? What do I actually do
all day?
2. Tons of my friends are either miserable at work or are
getting laid off
3. I believe that the time for being identified by—and
tied to—corporate jobs is passing, and it’s time to
transition to what comes next
I want to cover each of those and then talk about what we
can do about it.
o ⚓ [Repeat] Tedium ☛ Magalogs_&_Mailboxes⠀⇛
Today in Tedium: We live in a world where the lines
between marketing and journalism are constantly blurred.
Sometimes content drives marketing; sometimes marketing
drives content. Trying to find an objective middle? Now
that’s hard. But there was once a time when the objective
middle was much more obvious, where you knew what you
were getting. So, where did the lines begin to blur? One
could point to the infomercials of the ’90s or native
advertising of the 2010s, but the point where things got
really interesting might have come in the form of a trend
that explicitly merged art and commerce in a way that
ensured we’d never again be able to tear them apart.
Today’s Tedium discusses the “magalog,” an unholy merger
of content and sales that once dominated the marketing
world. — Ernie @ Tedium
o § Education⠀➾
# ⚓ uni Michigan ☛ Academic_Innovation_aids_13_projects_that
use_educational_technology⠀⇛
The Center for Academic Innovation is providing
funds and in-kind support and expertise to 13 new
projects to help implement educational technology
that enhances learning.
# ⚓ Thorsten Ball ☛ Is_looking_cool_underrated_in_education?⠀⇛
A couple weeks ago, on social media, a dad was
talking about the best materials to teach his kid
how to program. It’s a very interesting thread and
I recommend reading it. What stood out to me: most
of the learning materials just don’t look cool.
Let me be clear. I do NOT mean that they don’t look
good, or that they don’t look like great learning
resources, or that they aren’t valuable and a lot
of work went into them. I mean exactly what I
wrote: they don’t look cool.
# ⚓ Jacobin Magazine ☛ US_Colleges_and_Universities_Are
Becoming_Giant_Exploitation_Machines⠀⇛
Since the 1970s, many colleges and universities
have become predatory financial giants, while
mountains of student debt pile up and academic work
becomes ever more precarious. An ascendant academic
labor movement may be key to reversing these
trends.
# ⚓ [Repeat] Arun Raghavan ☛ To_Conference_Organisers
Everywhere…⠀⇛
But if you’re in my position, you need at least 2-
3 months between the first and the last step. If
your attendance is conditional on speaking at the
conference (for example, if your company will only
sponsor you if you’re speaking), then you need a
minimum of 2-3 months between when speakers are
notified and the conference starts.
From what I see, this is not something that is top-
of-mind for conference organisers. That may happen
for a host of perfectly understandable reasons, but
it also has a cost to the community and individuals
who might want to participate.
# ⚓ Axios ☛ America’s_empty_classrooms⠀⇛
School districts across the country are staring
down another year with dire teacher shortages.
The big picture:The teaching profession faces an
existential crisis. Turnover rates are high, and
not enough young people want to become teachers.
o § Hardware⠀➾
# ⚓ Tom’s Hardware ☛ Russian_Baikal_Electronics_Set_to_Take_on
Nvidia_with_AI_ASICs⠀⇛
After failing to develop competitive CPUs, Baikal
kicks off development of AI ASICs.
# ⚓ Matt Rickard ☛ The_Truth_About_GPU_Utilization⠀⇛
The truth is that GPU, CPU, RAM, and every other
compute resource is probably at less than 50%
utilization in any organization. There are plenty
of exceptions — training jobs, for example — but
this is the norm.
# ⚓ Tom’s Hardware ☛ Raspberry_Pi_KVM_Powers_On_16_Mac_Minis
with_8_Servos⠀⇛
The Pi is connected to 8 individual servo motors
that are responsible for activating the power
switch on two Mac Minis a piece. The Raspberry Pi
is fitted with a PiKVM HAT so it does more than
just power on the Mac Minis. This also meant that
developing a custom case was necessary to support
the additional hardware.
o § Health/Nutrition/Agriculture⠀➾
# ⚓ Computers Are Bad ☛ 2023-08-19_meanwhile_elsewhere⠀⇛
I had meant to write something today, but I’m just
getting over a case of the COVID and had a hard
time getting to it.
# ⚓ The Kent Stater ☛ Staying_safe_on_and_off_campus_this_new
semester⠀⇛
Before COVID-19, Kent State was ranked as the
safest campus in Ohio – and the 25th safest college
in the nation – according to Sgt. Tricia Knoles
from the university’s police department.
# ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ The_#1_Enemy_of_Good_Sleep_for
School_Kids:_Screens⠀⇛
Video games and social media are keeping school
kids up at night, according to a new survey from
the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM).
But so, too, are more constructive pursuits,
including homework and extracurricular activities,
which can be a problem when it comes to setting a
good sleep routine early in the school year.
o § Proprietary/Artificial Intelligence (AI)⠀➾
# ⚓ India Times ☛ Google_will_delete_accounts_that_remain
inactive_for_two_years_starting_December_1⠀⇛
This change starts rolling out now, and will apply
to any Google Account that’s been inactive,
“meaning it has not been signed into or used within
a two-year period”.
An inactive account and any content in it will be
eligible for deletion from December 1, 2023, the
tech giant said.
# ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Need_a_decent_dining_spot_in_Ottawa?
Microsoft_suggested_a_food_bank⠀⇛
Microsoft declined to elaborate further on what
type of “algorithmic techniques” it employed to
produce the piece and others like it.
Unsurprisingly, folks at the Ottawa Food Bank
weren’t too pleased.
# ⚓ The Verge ☛ Microsoft_says_listing_the_Ottawa_Food_Bank_as
a_tourist_destination_wasn’t_the_result_of_‘unsupervised
AI’⠀⇛
“Needless to say, this is not the type of messaging
or ‘story’ we would ever put out or wish to be
included in,” Samantha Koziara, communications
manager at the Ottawa Food Bank, said in a
statement to The Verge on Thursday. “The ‘empty
stomach’ line is clearly insensitive and didn’t
pass by a (human) editor. To my knowledge, we
haven’t seen something like this before — but as AI
gets more and more popular, I don’t doubt an
increased number inaccurate / inappropriate
references will be made in listicles such as this.
This simply highlights the importance of
researchers, writers, and editors… of the human
variety.”
# ⚓ Vox ☛ San_Francisco’s_robotaxi_experiment_is_getting_out_of
hand⠀⇛
On August 10, the California Public Utilities
Commission handed Cruise and Waymo a victory by
allowing them to operate across San Francisco at
all hours and charge fares. During a six-and-a-
half-hour hearing, hundreds of residents testified
for and against the robotaxis. Supporters claimed
they were safer and more reliable than human-driven
vehicles, and disabled people said they were more
accessible, especially for service animals.
Opponents, including transit and fire officials,
argued that the taxis had repeatedly gotten in the
way of emergency responders and had become a
nuisance.
# § Windows TCO⠀➾
# ⚓ The Register UK ☛ FYI:_There’s_another_BlackCat
ransomware_variant_on_the_prowl⠀⇛
The BlackCat malware works on Windows and
Linux, and is rented out to criminals, who
break into targets and run the data-stealing
malware, making it a ransomware-as-a-service
operation. Under this business model, the
affiliates pay to use the malware developed
by operators in their attacks, and then the
affiliates earn a cut of the proceeds if the
victims pay the ransoms.
o § Security⠀➾
# ⚓ IT Pro Today ☛ Linux_Malware:_What_To_Know_About_the
Malware_Threat [Ed: Projecting Windows issues onto "Linux"]⠀⇛
Linux is often praised for its enhanced security
compared to other operating systems. Nevertheless,
IT professionals must never assume that Linux is
immune to threats.
Due to widespread adoption in critical
infrastructure, Linux has drawn the attention of
advanced persistent threat (APT) groups aiming to
breach its security. Additionally, Linux finds use
in various IoT devices. One of the largest
cyberattacks in history involved the “Mirai”
malware, which exploited vulnerabilities in devices
running Linux.
# ⚓ Tesla_notifies_employees_of_data_breach⠀⇛
Tesla has started notifying current and former
employees who were affected by a data breach that
occurred in May. The company conducted an
investigation and found that two former employees
had misappropriated confidential information in
violation of Tesla’s IT security and data
protection policies. As a result, Tesla has filed
lawsuits against the former employees and has
seized their electronic devices containing the
stolen information.
To prevent further use or dissemination of the
data, Tesla has obtained court orders prohibiting
the former employees from accessing or sharing the
information, subject to criminal penalties.
Additionally, Tesla discovered that the two former
employees had shared the stolen data with a German
newspaper, Handelsblatt. However, Handelsblatt
assured Tesla that they will not publish the
information and are legally prohibited from using
it inappropriately.
# ⚓ Data Breaches ☛ Snatch_Team_starts_really_detailing_their
attacks_and_ups_the_ante_for_those_who_don’t_pay_up⠀⇛
Snatch Team has recently been exploring some novel
uses of Telegram. Unlike other groups that use
Telegram mainly to list new leaks, Snatch is
providing commentaries and analyses of their
breaches and more educational materials for
readers.
Some of their commentaries on specific incidents
can be fodder for any lawsuits against the
companies or entities they breached because they
point out security failures that plaintiffs’
lawyers will appreciate. And some of CyberSnatch’s
comments seem designed to help insurers avoid
having to reimburse clients, which is a somewhat
novel approach.
# ⚓ Boston Globe ☛ After_cyber_breach,_Point32Health_suffers
financial_losses⠀⇛
A crippling cyber attack at the state’s second-
largest insurer not only interrupted operations for
months but also pummeled the insurer’s financials.
For the six months ending in June, Point32Health
reported a $102.7 million operating loss on $4.8
billion in revenue. Those results compare to a
$25.8 million operating loss on $4.9 billion in
revenue in the same period the previous year. The
most recent earnings capture nearly the full
timespan of the ransomware attack and cyber
security breach that hamstrung operations at one of
Point32′s insurers, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care,
from mid-April through much of July.
# ⚓ Data Breaches ☛ Two_more_attacks_involving_sensitive_data:
a_plastic_surgery_center_in_Brazil_and_a_psychiatric_hospital
in_Lithuania⠀⇛
This week, DataBreaches spotted a listing for data
from a Brazilian plastic surgery practice. The
seller, who calls himself “TheSnake,” claims to
have 1.3 TB of files from RobertoPolizzo.com.
[...]
A sample of files was uploaded as proof of claims.
DataBreaches notes that all the files appeared to
be password-protected. DataBreaches sent an email
inquiry to Dr. Polizzi yesterday about the claimed
attack but received no reply.
# ⚓ PR Newswire ☛ May_2023_Data_Security_Incident_Public
Notice⠀⇛
Bunker Hill Community College (“BHCC”) confirmed
today that the college experienced a data incident
in May 2023 and will issue notices to affected
individuals and relevant state and federal agencies
about the incident.
On May 23, 2023, BHCC detected irregular activity
on certain BHCC systems that was consistent with a
ransomware attack. BHCC immediately responded to
the situation by taking the affected systems
offline, engaging data security and privacy
experts, contacting law enforcement, and
simultaneously beginning an investigation. BHCC
personnel were able to stop the unauthorized
activity from spreading and contained the incident
to a limited number of BHCC systems. BHCC’s backups
were not affected by the incident, and BHCC
personnel were able to restore BHCC’s network from
those backups without any data loss. As a credit to
the existing safeguards that BHCC had in place,
BHCC personnel successfully and safely restored
BHCC’s network, enabling BHCC to continue with its
academic calendar without any delay.
Due to the complexity of the unauthorized activity,
BHCC’s investigation is still ongoing; however, out
of an abundance of caution, BHCC is providing this
notice. Based on the information BHCC generally
collects and maintains for students, applicants,
and personnel, data including names, addresses,
dates of birth, social security numbers, education
records, and other personal information may
potentially be involved. However, BHCC’s
investigation is ongoing and specific details as to
what categories of information were involved are
not yet available. Note that this describes general
categories of information collected and maintained
by BHCC, and it likely includes categories that are
not relevant to each individual. As soon as BHCC is
able, individual notification letters will be
mailed to affected individuals with further
details. If you do not receive a letter, this
indicates that your information was not involved in
the incident.
# ⚓ Ars Technica ☛ Real_estate_markets_scramble_following
cyberattack_on_listings_provider⠀⇛
Home buyers, sellers, real estate agents, and
listing websites throughout the US have been
stymied for five days by a cyberattack on a
California company that provides a crucial online
service used to track home listings.
The attack, which commenced last Wednesday, hit
Rapottoni, a software and services provider that
supplies Multiple Listing Services to regional real
estate groups nationwide. Better known as MLS, it
provides instant access to data on which homes are
coming to the market, purchase offers, and sales of
listed homes. MLS has become essential for
connecting buyers to sellers and to the agents and
listing websites serving them.
# ⚓ PC Mag ☛ Haggling_With_Hackers:_Surprising_Lessons_From_50
Negotiations_With_Ransomware_Gangs⠀⇛
The prevailing wisdom from cybersecurity experts is
that trying to negotiate with ransomware hackers is
a bad idea, but on December 30, 2020, one victim
broke the rules and gave it a shot.
“Help?” they typed into one of the compromised
computers.
“Hello,” one of the hackers replied. “Are you ready
to negotiate? Your network and all of your data
were encrypted by [the] CONTI team. Besides the
encryption process, we’ve downloaded a large pack
of your internal documents and files that will be
published in case our negotiations fail. The
recovery price is $8,500,000.”
# ⚓ Health_Data_and_Investigations:_Between_a_Rock_and_a_Hard
Place⠀⇛
Demands for medical records can stem from a variety
of investigations, which can involve a myriad of
sources. The most recent example driving headlines
is an investigation involving Vanderbilt University
Medical Center (“VUMC”). VUMC disclosed records
concerning treatment of transgender patients to the
Tennessee Attorney General. According to the
Attorney General, an investigation of alleged
billing irregularities was launched. The
investigation stemmed from allegations of improper
coding practices that were purportedly revealed by
a VUMC clinician on social media posts.
# § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾
# ⚓ uni Michigan ☛ New_policy_outlines_research_data
stewardship_expectations⠀⇛
The university has created a new policy,
effective Jan. 1, 2024, setting expectations
and guidance for research data stewardship,
focusing on issues of ownership, sharing and
retention.
# ⚓ Ruben Schade ☛ Drive_encryption_is_no_panacea⠀⇛
It’s another classic example of a no with an
if, or yes with a but, followed by a
discussion about their threat domain. Or in
English, what is it you’re trying to protect,
and from whom.
# ⚓ Silicon Angle ☛ Doing_business_in_Europe?_Time_to
focus_on_its_new_Digital_Services_Act_–_now⠀⇛
The DSA makes modifications to a decades-old
eCommerce Directive and tries to bring the
laws of EU member nations into a coherent and
unified approach, especially how online
businesses handle illegally posted content,
disinformation and online ads. “Businesses
will use new simple and effective mechanisms
for flagging illegal content and goods that
infringe their rights, including intellectual
property rights, or compete on an unfair
level,” according to the EU directives issued
last year.
Part of these rules include new mechanisms to
enforce “know your customer” methods. The EU
has this fact sheet for businesses that’s
worth studying for more specifics. “Tech
platforms will have to respond to the DSA
regulations,” says privacy specialist Tom
Kemp. “I don’t see anything happening in the
U.S., nor with any new federal privacy laws
enacted.”
One of the more notable circumstances is that
the noncompliance penalties could result in
substantial fines, with up to 6% of a
company’s global annual revenue that could be
levied.
o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾
# ⚓ The Atlantic ☛ The_Constitution_Prohibits_Trump_From_Ever
Being_President_Again⠀⇛
Having thought long and deeply about the text,
history, and purpose of the Fourteenth Amendment’s
disqualification clause for much of our
professional careers, both of us concluded some
years ago that, in fact, a conviction would be
beside the point. The disqualification clause
operates independently of any such criminal
proceedings and, indeed, also independently of
impeachment proceedings and of congressional
legislation. The clause was designed to operate
directly and immediately upon those who betray
their oaths to the Constitution, whether by taking
up arms to overturn our government or by waging war
on our government by attempting to overturn a
presidential election through a bloodless coup.
The former president’s efforts to overturn the 2020
presidential election, and the resulting attack on
the U.S. Capitol, place him squarely within the
ambit of the disqualification clause, and he is
therefore ineligible to serve as president ever
again. The most pressing constitutional question
facing our country at this moment, then, is whether
we will abide by this clear command of the
Fourteenth Amendment’s disqualification clause.
# ⚓ Off Guardian ☛ Who_are_ISIS?⠀⇛
Kit Knightly, from the OffGuardian, recently
published ISIS are back and they are faker than
ever. He explored the apparent return of the ISIS
bogeymen and the media narrative that preempted
their re-emergent threat.
# ⚓ New York Times ☛ Junta_Official_in_Niger_Claims_Captive
President_Will_Not_Be_Harmed⠀⇛
In an interview with The New York Times, a civilian
leader of the junta sounded a conciliatory tone. He
also said Niger would not summon the Kremlin-backed
Wager Group.
# § Russia, Belarus, and War in Ukraine⠀➾
# ⚓ Meduza ☛ Russia’s_space_agency_says_Luna-25
spacecraft_has_‘ceased_to_exist’_after_crashing_into
Moon_—_Meduza⠀⇛
Luna-25, Russia’s uncrewed spacecraft, has
“ceased to exist” after crashing into the
Moon’s surface, reports Roscosmos, Russia’s
state space corporation.
# ⚓ France24 ☛ Russia’s_Luna-25_probe_crashes_on_the
Moon⠀⇛
The Luna-25 probe, Russia’s first Moon
mission in almost 50 years, has crashed on
the Moon after an incident during pre-landing
manoeuvres, Russian space agency Roscosmos
said on Sunday.
# ⚓ Axios ☛ Russia_spacecraft_crashes_into_Moon_during
its_1st_lunar_mission_in_nearly_50_years⠀⇛
Russia’s Luna-25 robotic spacecraft crashed
into the Moon on Sunday ahead of its planned
attempt to land on the lunar surface this
week.
/blockquote>
# ⚓ New York Times ☛ Russia’s_Luna-25_Moon_Lander_Is_Lost
in_a_Crash⠀⇛
The robotic Luna-25 spacecraft appeared to
have “ceased its existence” after a failed
orbital adjustment, the space agency
Roscosmos said.
# ⚓ RFERL ☛ Russia’s_Luna-25_Lunar_Probe_Crashes_Into
Moon_After_Technical_Failure⠀⇛
Russia’s Luna-25 spacecraft has crashed onto
the surface of the moon on August 20 after
spinning into an uncontrollable orbit, the
Roskosmos space agency reported.
# ⚓ Meduza ☛ Drone_crashes_into_train_station_in_Russian
city_of_Kursk,_injuring_five_people_—_Meduza⠀⇛
On the night of August 20, a Ukrainian drone
crashed into the roof of a train station in
Kursk, causing a fire to break out, reported
the region’s governor Roman Starovoyt.
# ⚓ Meduza ☛ Russia’s_Defense_Ministry_reports_drone
attack_on_military_airfield_in_Novgorod_region_—
Meduza⠀⇛
On August 19, Russia’s defense ministry
reported that a Ukrainian copter-type drone
attacked a military airfield in the Novgorod
region.
# ⚓ Meduza ☛ Six_killed_and_37_injured_in_Russian_missile
strike_on_Chernihiv_—_Meduza⠀⇛
Russia launched an attack on the center of
Chernihiv, said the region’s governor
Vyacheslav Chaus.
# ⚓ Meduza ☛ Two_injured_in_Russian_drone_attack_on
Ukraine’s_Khmelnytskyi_region_—_Meduza⠀⇛
On the night of August 19, Russia launched a
drone attack on Ukraine, reports the
Ukrainian Air Force Command. Ukrainian air
defense systems shot down 15 of the 17
Shahed-136/131 drones involved in the attack.
# ⚓ France24 ☛ 🔴_Live:_Zelensky_hails_‘historic’_F-16
agreement_during_Netherlands_visit⠀⇛
Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky on
Sunday hailed a decision by the Netherlands
and Denmark to hand over F-16 planes to help
Ukraine battle the Russian invasion as
“historic”. The acknowledgment came shortly
after Zelensky and Dutch Prime Minister Mark
Rutte inspected F-16 jets parked in a hangar
at a Dutch air base where Zelenskyy arrived
earlier Sunday.
# ⚓ NYPost ☛ Ukrainian_pilots_begin_training_on_F-16
fighter_jets_—_just_days_after_US_aircraft_approval⠀⇛
Ukrainian pilots began training on the highly
sought-after F-16 fighter jets — just days
after the US approved sending the aircraft to
Ukraine from Denmark and the Netherlands to
help in the ongoing war against Russia.
# ⚓ RFERL ☛ Netherlands,_Denmark_To_Give_Ukraine_F-16
Fighter_Jets_In_Crucial_Win_For_Kyiv⠀⇛
The Netherlands and Denmark have said they
will give F-16 fighter jets to Ukraine once
certain “conditions” have been met, a long-
awaited step that will help Kyiv fill a
crucial hole in its armed forces.
# ⚓ Scheerpost ☛ Seymour_Hersh:_Summer_of_the_Hawks⠀⇛
Wishful thinking is still the rule among
Biden’s foreign policy team, as the slaughter
in Ukraine continues.
# ⚓ Scheerpost ☛ Zelensky_Holds_Court_With_Ukraine’s_Most
Notorious_Neo-Nazi⠀⇛
Western media has dismissed evidence of neo-
Nazi influence in Ukraine by citing President
Zelensky’s Jewish heritage.
# ⚓ Scheerpost ☛ U.S._Intelligence_Deems_Ukraine’s
Counteroffensive_a_Failure⠀⇛
Western officials attempted to blame Kyiv for
refusing to push operations despite taking
massive losses.
# ⚓ RFERL ☛ Moscow_Briefly_Halts_Operations_At_Two
Airports_As_Zelenskiy_Visits_The_Netherlands⠀⇛
The authorities in Moscow briefly halted
operations at two major airports overnight in
response to what officials described as a
Ukrainian drone strike on the Russian
capital.
# ⚓ RFERL ☛ Zelenskiy_In_Talks_With_Sweden_Over
Production_In_Ukraine_Of_Combat_Vehicles⠀⇛
President Volodymyr Zelenskiy, who is on a
visit to Stockholm, says he is discussing the
possible production of Sweden’s powerful CV-
90 combat vehicles in Ukraine.
# ⚓ RFERL ☛ Russian_Strike_On_Ukraine’s_Chernihiv_Kills
At_Least_Seven,_Including_Child,_Wounds_Scores⠀⇛
At least seven people, including a child,
were killed and 129 were wounded in a Russian
missile strike on the northern Ukrainian city
of Chernihiv on August 19, while President
Volodymyr Zelenskiy called the attack “a day
of pain and loss” caused by “a terrorist
state.”
# ⚓ Spiegel ☛ Creeping_Counteroffensive:_The_Never-Ending
Battle_for_Bakhmut⠀⇛
In May, the Ukrainian army had to withdraw
from Bakhmut, but the battle for this
completely destroyed city in the Donbas
region continues – as an important part of
the counteroffensive. A visit to the Third
Assault Brigade on the front.
# ⚓ YLE ☛ FDF_Commander:_No_surprise_in_Russian
rhetoric⠀⇛
According to Commander of the Finnish Defence
Forces General Timo Kivinen, Russia’s war in
Ukraine means that it does not have enough
troops to implement concrete changes near its
border with Finland.
# ⚓ New York Times ☛ Ukrainian_Commanders_Confident_About
Offensive_Despite_Problems⠀⇛
Despite tough fighting and heavy casualties,
Ukrainian commanders say their forces are in
better shape now than just months ago, while
Russian troops appear worse off.
# ⚓ New York Times ☛ Zelensky_Pushes_Sweden_to_Give
Ukraine_Fighter_Jets⠀⇛
President Volodymyr Zelensky of Ukraine said
the Netherlands had agreed to supply 42 of
the jets. Denmark also said it would donate
the planes.
# ⚓ Meduza ☛ ‘The_Russian_world_cannot_be_contained_by
state_borders’_A_required_college_course_will_teach
Russia’s_students_that_their_country_is_a_civilization
unto_itself_—_Meduza⠀⇛
While embroiled in warfare in Ukraine, the
Kremlin has increasingly felt the need to
explain itself to younger Russians. Starting
this fall, Russia’s college students will be
required to take a state-approved course in
the “Fundamentals of Russian Statehood.” The
curriculum (packaged as a series of video-
lectures) is a brainchild of Andrey Polosin,
a close associate of Vladimir Putin’s Deputy
Chief of Staff Sergey Kiriyenko. Meduza’s
correspondent Andrey Pertsev, who has covered
Russia’s new ideological curriculum as it
emerged and came together, watched the online
lectures and talked to the people who made
the videos. Here’s a survey of the new
Russian ideology as it’s going to be taught
at Russia’s schools, from “passionaries” and
“the Russian world” to Russia’s unofficial
state symbols — the birch and the bear.
# ⚓ Meduza ☛ Head_of_Ukraine’s_Security_Service_details
how_agency_carried_out_Crimean_Bridge_explosion_in
October_2022_—_Meduza⠀⇛
In an interview with the The New Voice of
Ukraine, the head of Ukraine’s Security
Service Vasyl Malyuk detailed how Ukrainian
intelligence organized the explosion on the
Crimean Bridge in October 2022.
# ⚓ New York Times ☛ Deadly_Russian_Strike_Hits
Chernihiv,_Ukraine_Says⠀⇛
The attack, which killed at least seven
people and wounded more than 100, came after
President Vladimir V. Putin visited a Russian
city that was briefly seized by the Wagner
group.
# ⚓ France24 ☛ Deadly_Russian_missile_attack_hits
Chernihiv_city_centre_on_Orthodox_holiday⠀⇛
A Russian missile strike on Ukraine’s
northern city of Chernihiv on Saturday killed
seven people and wounded more than 100 others
on Saturday, Interior Minister Igor Klymenko
said. The strike came hours after the Kremlin
said that President Vladimir Putin met with
the commander of Russia’s war in Ukraine at
army headquarters in southern Russia. Read
about the day’s events as they unfolded on
our liveblog. All times are Paris time
(GMT+2).
# ⚓ LRT ☛ ‘Putin_is_really_destroying_modern_Russia’_–
interview_with_Anne_Applebaum⠀⇛
Anne Applebaum is a US Pulitzer-Prize winning
author who has written several books on
Russia and the Soviet Union, including Red
Famine: Stalin’s War On Ukraine.
# ⚓ RFERL ☛ Supporters_Mark_Third_Anniversary_Of_Navalny
Poisoning_With_Demonstrations⠀⇛
Supporters of imprisoned Russian opposition
leader Aleksei Navalny around the world are
marking the third anniversary of his near-
fatal poisoning with demonstrations against
Russian President Vladimir Putin.
# ⚓ JURIST ☛ Canada_announces_sanctions_against_13
Russian_individuals_and_3_entities_following_human
rights_violations⠀⇛
Canadian Minister of Foreign Affairs Mélanie
Joly Friday declared new sanctions against 15
Russian individuals and three entities
following human rights violations and state-
sponsored violence faced by political
opponents and critics in Russia. The new
sanctions aim to supplement the previous
sanctions by expanding the list of restricted
individuals and entities.
o § Environment⠀➾
# ⚓ CoryDoctorow ☛ SoCal_Gas_spent_millions_on_astroturf_ops_to
fight_climate_rules⠀⇛
The criminal scheme is spelled out in eye-watering
detail in a superb investigative report by Joe
Rubin and Ari Plachta for the Sacramento Bee, which
names the law firms and individual lawyers involved
in the scam.
Here’s the situation: SoCal Gas is California’s
private, regulated gas monopoly. They are allowed
to lobby, but are legally required to charge their
lobbying activities to their shareholders, and are
prohibited from raising customer rates to pay for
lobbying.
The company spent years secretly violating this
rule, in the sleaziest way possible: working with
corporate cartels like the California Restaurant
Association and BizFed, the monopoly paid BigLaw
white-shoe firms to procure people who posed as
concerned citizens in order to oppose climate
regulations that are essential to the state’s very
survival.
# ⚓ India Times ☛ With_TikTok_and_lawsuits,_Gen_Z_takes_on
climate_change⠀⇛
Young people are helping organize a climate march
in New York next month, during the United Nations
General Assembly. And their force is being felt
even in deep-red states such as Montana, where a
judge Monday handed the movement its biggest
victory to date, ruling in favor of 16 young people
who had sued the state over its support for the
fossil fuel industry. In that case, a lengthy fight
resulted in a surprise victory that means the state
must consider potential climate damage when
approving energy projects.
# ⚓ Omicron Limited ☛ Nearly_two-thirds_of_the_top_fossil_fuel
producers_in_Australia_and_the_world_aren’t_on_track_for
1.5°C_climate_target⠀⇛
More than 60% of the top 142 oil, gas and coal
companies—including three of the five Australian
companies assessed—were not on track. Rio Tinto and
BHP were the two Australian companies found to be
on track. Between 2014 and 2020, the fossil fuel
sectors exceeded overall production budgets by 64%
(oil), 63% (gas) and 70% (coal).
# § Energy/Transportation⠀➾
# ⚓ Battle_over_green_energy_project⠀⇛
The community of Victoria West has issued
notice to stage a march on August 21 in an
attempt to persuade Ubuntu Municipality to
conclude a contract for the R100 billion
Ubuntu Green Energy project.
# ⚓ H2 View ☛ University_of_Wyoming_receives_$10m_from
DOE_to_head_hydrogen_production_project⠀⇛
The US Department of Energy (DOE) Office of
Fossil Energy and Carbon Management announced
that the project had been selected to
negotiate an award of around $5m as part of
the ‘Clean Hydrogen Production, Storage,
Transport and Utilisation to Enable a Net
Zero Carbon Economy’ funding opportunity with
the cost share among partners bring the
contract up to $10m.
The university is partnered with Los Alamos
National Laboratory; Engineering, Procurement
and Construction LLC; and energy
infrastructure company, Williams, all
focusing on the project aiming to demonstrate
hydrogen production via water produced during
oil and gas extraction.
# § Wildlife/Nature⠀➾
# ⚓ YLE ☛ Hunters_and_police_in_animal_disposal_spat⠀⇛
The two associations cite mistrust and cost
as reasons for cancelling the assistance
o § Finance⠀➾
# ⚓ Gadgets Now ☛ Byju’s_fired_100_employees_following_a
performance_review⠀⇛
Byju’s has laid off about 100 employees in a fresh
round of job cuts. The ed-tech startup has fired
employees from the mentoring and product expert
divisions citing poor performance.
As reported by TOI, the company said that the fired
employees did not meet the expectations after a
performance improvement plan, “As part of a
periodical performance review, 100 individuals who
did not meet expectations after a performance
improvement plan were let go with proper
procedures. This measure is firmly rooted in
performance based considerations and is not in any
way a cost-cutting endeavour,” the company
spokesperson told TOI.
# ⚓ 10,000_U.S.-based_high-skilled_foreign_workers_applied_to
come_to_Canada⠀⇛
It took just two days for the Canadian program
designed to attract H-1B workers residing in the
United States to reach its 10,000 application cap.
However, there are potential pitfalls that the
program needs to overcome.
In the United States, more than 600,000 people are
employed through an H-1B visa in specialty
occupation fields, making it the largest
employment-based immigration program in the
country.
o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾
# ⚓ Project_Veritas_drama:_James_O’Keefe_under_investigation_as
layoffs_roil_journalism_outfit⠀⇛
Founder James O’Keefe, who was forced out by the
board in February, is under investigation by the
Westchester County district attorney in New York
for undisclosed reasons, a probe that comes after
Project Veritas accused him of spending donor funds
on personal luxuries.
# ⚓ New York Times ☛ How_European_Officials_View_a_Possible
Second_Trump_Term⠀⇛
The prospect of a second presidential term for
Donald J. Trump has many officials worried about
alliance cohesion, NATO and the war in Ukraine.
# § Misinformation/Disinformation/Propaganda⠀➾
# ⚓ YLE ☛ Niinistö:_Russian_propaganda_against_Finland
increasing⠀⇛
Finnish President Sauli Niinistö also says
that Putin’s speech in December 2021
convinced him to consider Nato membership and
other security policy measures.
# ⚓ YLE ☛ Medvedev_tweets_again_in_Finnish⠀⇛
The former Russian president said that
Vladimir Lenin created an independent
Finland.
o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾
# ⚓ Reason ☛ Sixth_Circuit_Affirms_(2-1)_Dismissal_of_Nicholas
Sandmann’s_Libel_Lawsuit_Against_the_N.Y._Times_and_Others⠀⇛
Some excerpts from Sandmann v. N.Y. Times Co.,
decided yesterday by the Sixth Circuit, in an
opinion by Judge Jane Stranch, joined by Judge
Stephanie Davis (for more details, read the full
opinions): On January 18, 2019, then-sixteen-year-
old Nicholas Sandmann and his classmates had an
interaction with a Native American man named Nathan
Phillips…
o § Freedom of Information / Freedom of the Press⠀➾
# ⚓ CBC ☛ Canadian_media_trained_audiences_to_use_Facebook.
With_Meta_blocking_news,_what’s_next?⠀⇛
But after years of Canadians and news publishers
relying on Facebook to connect them, observers are
wondering how — and if — the issue can be resolved.
# ⚓ NPR ☛ Small_Kansas_paper_raided_by_police_has_a_history_of
hard-hitting_reporting⠀⇛
And if the Record doesn’t pay attention, nobody
will. The weekly newspaper is the sole publication
covering Marion, a city of about 2,000 in south-
central Kansas.
It’s this type of reporting that’s drawn the ire of
local officials — including the city’s police
chief, whom the paper was investigating before he
raided their newsroom.
[...]
The Record’s role in the community has put a
spotlight on the function of newspapers as local
watchdogs. An informed public is at the heart of a
strong democracy, but with the disappearance of
local news organizations, many small towns have
lost the ability to get information about local
governance.
o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾
# ⚓ Reason ☛ FIRE_Lawsuit_Against_California_Community_Colleges
Over_“Diversity,_Equity,_and_Inclusion”_Mandates⠀⇛
From today’s press release, by the Foundation for
Individual Rights and Expression:, about Palsgaard
v. Christian (E.D. Cal.): Today, the Foundation for
Individual Rights and Expression filed a lawsuit on
behalf of six California community college
professors to halt new, systemwide regulations
forcing professors to espouse and teach politicized
conceptions of “diversity, equity, and inclusion.”
# ⚓ teleSUR ☛ Sudan:_Re-Arrest_of_Young_Revolutionary⠀⇛
The Permanent Commission for the Defense of
Detainees and Public Freedoms: “the lack of respect
for laws and regulations is what led to war, chaos,
and the constitutional vacuum in the country.”
# ⚓ Court_rules_that_severance_pay_should_be_paid_to_employee
who_was_forced_to_resign⠀⇛
S.Y., who resigned under pressure in Gaziantep, has
won the lawsuit she filed to claim severance pay.
The higher court, after hearing the witnesses,
decided to grant severance pay despite the
resignation letter being in ‘handwriting’.
# ⚓ Digital Music News ☛ Coldplay_Faces_Breach-of-Contract
Lawsuit_from_Manager_of_20+_Years⠀⇛
British rock band Coldplay is being sued by their
former manager of more than 20 years, Dave Holmes,
over a breach-of-contract dispute, according to
legal documents filed in the UK.
# ⚓ JURIST ☛ US_appeals_court_partially_revives_lawsuit
claiming_viewpoint_discrimination_against_anti-abortion
protesters⠀⇛
The US Court of Appeals for the District of
Columbia Circuit on Tuesday reversed the dismissal
of a lawsuit against the District of Columbia
alleging that it selectively enforced its
defacement ordinance against anti-abortion
protesters but not Black Lives Matter (BLM)
protesters in the summer of 2020.
# ⚓ New York Times ☛ Michael_Oher’s_‘Blind_Side’_Lawsuit_Shows
Strains_in_Depictions_of_Black_Athletes⠀⇛
Michael Oher has long criticized the feel-good
Hollywood version of his life as a struggling high
school football player. His lawsuit against the
family that took him in questions their
relationship.
# ⚓ Jacobin Magazine ☛ Museum_Workers_Are_Tired_of_Being_Paid
in_Cultural_Cachet_—_So_They’re_Unionizing⠀⇛
On August 8, after two years of negotiations, staff
at the Guggenheim Museum in New York City became
the latest to ratify their first contract with an
overwhelming 97 percent majority. The Guggenheim
Union consists of 150 staff members across
departments, including visitor service, education,
curatorial, administrative, and other departments.
The union first began to organize in the fall of
2021 under the United Auto Workers (UAW) Local
2110. Some highlights from the first contract
include a minimum 9 percent wage increase over the
next two and a half years, an increase in
retirement contributions, four weeks paid family
leave, and funding for career training retroactive
to July 1. One major victory is that this contract
guarantees minimum rates for full- and part-time
employees.
# ⚓ Futurism ☛ Forcing_Workers_Back_to_the_Office_Might_Not
Have_Been_a_Good_Idea_After_All⠀⇛
In a rare moment of clarity — or even, dare we say,
self reflection? — a whole bunch of executives have
admitted that they may have been wrong about the
whole return-to-office push made after the COVID-19
pandemic. Well, sort of.
In a Hanover Research and Envoy survey of over
1,100 senior executives and workplace managers in
the United States, a whopping 80 percent answered
that they would’ve “approached their company’s
return-to-office strategy differently” if they had
the right “workplace data” at the time.
# ⚓ Pro Publica ☛ Both_Parents_Agree:_The_Child_Is_Being
Harmed._Which_One_Will_the_Court_Believe?⠀⇛
As a special consultant to Colorado’s child welfare
agency, Susan Coykendall accepted that there was no
reliable profile for a child abuser, but she was
fairly certain Bruce was not one.
# ⚓ Pro Publica ☛ Parental_Alienation_and_Its_Use_in_Family
Court⠀⇛
ProPublica has been reporting on family courts’
handling of custody disputes that involve
allegations of child or domestic abuse. The
reporting shows that a disputed psychological
theory that’s been rejected by mainstream
scientists has widespread influence on outcomes in
family court.
Parental alienation is a theory in which one parent
is accused of brainwashing a child to turn them
against the other parent. It is most frequently
diagnosed and cited as evidence in divorce and
custody cases, even though most mental health
professionals reject it as junk science.
o § Digital Restrictions (DRM)⠀➾
# ⚓ Eric Rescorla ☛ The_endpoint_of_Web_Environment_Integrity
is_a_closed_Web⠀⇛
The basic property of an open system like the
Internet and the Web is that you can only be
assured of the properties of the elements you
directly control. The elements that belong to other
people work for them and not you. In a closed
system, by contrast, the software on the end user
device works for the provider, not for them,
whether it is officially owned by the user (as in
mobile apps) or it actually belongs to the provider
(as with the old Bell System monopoly).
WEI and similar attestation technologies represent
an attempt to impose an alien model, that of a
closed system, onto the open system of the Web. As
with any closed system, the net impact will be that
users don’t control their own experience of the Web
but rather have only the experiences that sites are
willing to let them have. That seems bad.
o § Monopolies⠀➾
# ⚓ CCIA ☛ Expected_FTC_Suit_Against_Amazon_Contradicts_Current
Retail_Market_Showing_Fierce_Competition_Between_Online_and
Brick-and-Mortar⠀⇛
The FTC’s expected lawsuit against Amazon will
likely bring novel antitrust claims amidst a retail
marketplace…
# § Trademarks⠀➾
# ⚓ Futurism ☛ Pornhub’s_War_With_a_Local_Kebab
Restaurant_Isn’t_Helping_Its_Quest_for_a_“Fresh
Start”⠀⇛
But that rebrand is off to a choppy beginning
with news that the company is going after a
small restaurant in Lower Manhattan called
Döner Haus, which sells a German take on
Turkish kebab — and uses a logo that, to be
fair, looks an awful lot like Pornhub’s
notorious orange-and-black lettering.
# § Copyrights⠀➾
# ⚓ Gizmodo ☛ Judge_Rules_Wholly_AI-Created_Art_Can’t_Get
Copyright_Protections⠀⇛
Howell, in this most recent ruling,
reaffirmed that US copyright law “protects
only works of human creation.” Further, she
stated that creations made by “non-human
actors” such as AI “need no incentivization
with the promise of exclusive rights under
United States law, and copyright was
therefore not designed to reach them.” While
she acknowledged that the copyright is meant
to “adapt with the times,” she argued that
anything seeking protection is required to
have “an originator with the capacity for
intellectual, creative, or artistic labor.
Must that originator be a human being to
claim copyright protection? The answer is
yes.”
# ⚓ [Old] Law Society Gazette ☛ Sony_tries_to_hit_pause
on_copyright_battle_with_Jimi_Hendrix_Experience
estates⠀⇛
Simon Malynicz KC, for Redding and Mitchell,
told the court the releases did not give the
musicians’ rights away and only related to
revenue generated by the vinyl recordings,
which does not include digital income
including from streaming, YouTube and other
digital platforms.
# ⚓ [Old] Guitar (NME Networks) ☛ The_heirs_of_Noel
Redding_and_Mitch_Mitchell_sue_Sony_Music_for_royalties
from_the_Jimi_Hendrix_Experience⠀⇛
The heirs of bassist Noel Redding and drummer
Mitch Mitchell – who made up two thirds of
the Jimi Hendrix Experience – have filed a
lawsuit against Sony Music for copyright
infringement and are seeking royalties.
# ⚓ [Old] Variety ☛ Jimi_Hendrix_Bandmates’_Heirs_Sue
Sony_Music_U.K._for_Millions_Over_Copyright,_Streaming
Royalties⠀⇛
The U.K. lawsuit seeks a declaration of
copyright ownership in the musical works,
sound recordings and performers rights (each
of which are a separate right invested in the
work), a declaration as to whether there has
been copyright infringement and, if there
has, damages as well as an account of profits
plus interest on that figure and legal costs.
It is unclear how the U.K. lawsuit will
interact with Sony and the Hendrix’s estate’s
pre-emptive claim in New York and it is
likely the first matter the courts will deal
with before even getting to the copyright
issues is jurisdiction.
# ⚓ Torrent Freak ☛ Inside_a_Live_Pirate_IPTV_Blocking
Order_Protecting_UEFA’s_Champions_League⠀⇛
Football bodies and broadcasters including
the Premier League, Sky and UEFA, recently
obtained permission to continue their ISP
blocking programs to limit access to pirate
IPTV streams. While almost no information
relating to these secret processes appears in
public, today we’re able to take a look
inside one of several blocking orders active
right now in Europe.
# ⚓ Unicorn Media ☛ Consequence_of_Ottawa’s_‘Link_Tax’
Dampens_News_on_Canadian_Wildfires⠀⇛
There are plenty of examples of supposedly
good ideas that had unintended consequences
that were not so good. There are also plenty
of examples of “good” ideas that weren’t good
at all and should never have been
implemented. The recent Canadian “link tax”
law that went into effect on June 22, which
requires major online publishers such as
Facebook and Google that link to online news
sites to pay those site for the links, fits
both categories.
Yes, you have that right. Under the new law,
if a Canadian searches Google for information
and Google’s results include a link to a
Canadian news site, Google has to pay that
site for running the link and sending traffic
its way.
=> =============================================================================
World Wide Web but a lot lighter.
䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 3359
╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕
⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.20.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧
Gemini_version_available_♊︎
✐ Gemini_Links_20/08/2023:_Free_Pens,Gemini_Clients_via_SOCKS5(e.g._TOR)⠀✐
Posted in News_Roundup at 1:00 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈
§ Contents⠀➾
* Gemini*_and_Gopher
o Personal/Opinions
o Technology_and_Free_Software
# Internet/Gemini
# Programming
* § Gemini* and Gopher⠀➾
o § Personal/Opinions⠀➾
# ⚓ malahide_fossils⠀⇛
i vist the malahide coast regularly when i am near
Dublin. i managed to run and swim 5 days in row,
despite the choppy and sandy water. no jellyfish
this time, thankfully.
# ⚓ 🔤SpellBinding:_ADELRTX_Wordo:_IMPEL⠀⇛
# ⚓ Knee⠀⇛
My meniscus in right knee raptured while sitting on
the chair in the office. Happed in mid of July. No
way to move and very painful. Needed surgery fast.
Took a week to get to arthroscopy. Now it is a
month after the surgery. I spent that time mostly
laying on the sofa with laptop /work / or iPad /
entertainment/.
# ⚓ #5⠀⇛
A few minutes before 15:00 today I got shot #5,
booster #3. It was at a small clinic just like last
time, with no fanfare, but there were more people
getting their shots this time. Maybe people have
found out the numbers are going back back up, but
news is unfortunately pretty thin.
The clinic this time was much farther from home. I
had tried to reserve a slot earier during vacation
but couldn’t find any at a place near home. This
place I went to today was the closest I could find
near a train station. I did not want to have to
take a bus out into the middle of nowhere,
especially on the way home.
[...]
I guess for the entire world the virus is a thing
of the past, but not for me. I shall remain
vigilant until it really is finally gone. If that
ever happens.
# ⚓ anger_and_fear_regarding_becoming_a_teacher⠀⇛
Principal tells us to dress up for the next day of
training. I get all gothed up in deep purple with
my highest wedges and i feel divine. someone in the
booth at the superintendent’s speech played “too
sexy” as my building’s staff were walking in;
suddenly i distinctly felt like i’d been set up to
be used as eye candy and felt incredibly gross. I
e-mailed the principal about it, then he surprises
me in my classroom while I was preparing for the
week ahead.
He proceeded to talk an apology at me for about
five minutes. He said he wasn’t gonna be able to
sleep at night with this hanging over his head, so
he had to come right away. I don’t doubt that, but
I don’t think for the reasons he intended to get
across. He said he didn’t choose the music and it’s
not at all what he was going for but that he really
regretted how it all came together. He didn’t ask
me one question or stop to hear me speak at all.
Shakes my hand and leaves.
o § Technology and Free Software⠀➾
# ⚓ On-Call_Culture_and_the_Human_Aspect:_Prioritising_Well-
being_in_the_Realm_of_Reliability⠀⇛
Site Reliability Engineering is synonymous with
ensuring system reliability, but the human factor
is an often-underestimated part of this discipline.
Ensuring a healthy on-call culture is as critical
as any technical solution. The well-being of the
engineers is an important factor.
Firstly, a healthy on-call rotation is about more
than just managing and responding to incidents.
It’s about the entire ecosystem that supports this
practice. This involves reducing pain points,
offering mentorship, rapid iteration, and ensuring
that engineers have the right tools and processes.
One ceavat is, that engineers should be willing to
learn. Especially in on-call rotation mixing SREs
with other engineers (for example Software
Engineers or QA Engineers), it’s difficult to
motivate everyone to engage. QA Engineers want to
test the software, Software Engineers want to
implement new features; they don’t want to
troubleshoot and debug production incidents. It can
be depressing for the mentoring SRE.
# ⚓ Everything’s_on_fire_/_No_XMPP,_no_Robbie_Robertson⠀⇛
We’re between several wildfires. The smoke is
absolutely miserable, burnt embers are dropping all
over, and the communities about 10 km away are on
evacuation alert. We’ve loaded up the car, just in
case. I’ve done a lot of work on this house, but it
can burn. Everything is temporary.
Robbie Robertson died last week. Attentive readers
of this phlog will remember a misleading phlog
title a couple of years back.
# ⚓ Booklet_printing⠀⇛
I found how to prepare a PDF into a printable
booklet (aka brochure or pamphlet) PDF! (Again!)
The booklet pages will be half the size of the
print paper — e.g. with an A4 paper printer the
booklet will be A5.
For whatever reason I find it extremely hard to
understand how to operate the printer… If I put the
paper this way, how will it come out? Should I flip
it to print the other side? Should I rotate? Who
knows! It’s not the first time I’ve gone through
the whole process of (re)learning these things,
but, like a dumbass, I never documented it. All is
about to change! Brace yourself!
# ⚓ Free_Pens⠀⇛
At my office there was a box of free pens and I
helped myself to three of them. I love free pens. I
doubt that I will ever have a need to purchase a
pen because I have so many that I have acquired
through the past several decades.
Yes, I can obtain pens at work. Our office has a
modest supply cabinet including boxes of pens.
However, it is the surprise pens that I chance upon
outside of work that delight me the most. These are
the pens that I see in hotel or bank lobbies, or
trade shows, or conferences.
# ⚓ A_PSP_Update⠀⇛
This is something I had been completely overlooking
until a couple days ago. The PSP officially had a
good collection of classic PS1 titles that it was
capable of emulating, and thanks to community tools
it’s possible to convert any other PS1 title that
wasn’t officially supported and play it on the PSP.
I never had a PS1 growing up, but I did play a
couple PS1 games thanks to the PS2′s backwards
compatibility and a lot of my favorite PC games
were also available on PS1. Lately I’ve been
playing a lot of Tony Hawk’s Pro Skater 2 which was
a childhood favorite. I’ve also been playing a bit
of Re-Volt, an RC car racing game that’s harder
than I remember, and Spider-Man, whose PC demo I
would play over and over.
# § Internet/Gemini⠀➾
# ⚓ How_to_run_gemini_clients_via_SOCKS5_(e.g._TOR)⠀⇛
After some discussions on the IRC channel, I
decided to try how running a gemini client
would work with SOCKS5 to be able to connect
via TOR (though the same has other uses) and
I found that most clients do not support
SOCKS5 directly.
# ⚓ Re:_Emergency_Notifications,_Mastodon,_the_Climate
Crisis⠀⇛
One of the links in the post is to
lemmy.world about how the Dutch government is
starting a Mastodon server. But that
lemmy.world link is down right now.
Fedi’s tech is still pretty flaky and
unreliable. Posts go missing all the time. I
don’t wanna slag Lemmy because I know they’re
working hard. And it’s not just them that
have issues, it’s the entire ActivityPub
world.
# ⚓ How_to_reply_to_Lemmy_posts_from_Mastodon⠀⇛
If you got an account on Mastodon, Homecamp,
Akkoma, Misskey, Pixelfed or similar during
the big Twitter migration and you wanna reply
to a post on Lemmy or kbin, read on!
If you don’t have any Fedi account at all
yet, you’re living the blessed life. Good on
you!♥ Bookmark this page and return here once
you’ve been on Fedi a few weeks and have
gotten comfy and wanna branch out to the
threadiverse. Or, if it’s the threadiverse
itself that’s appealing rather than the seedy
world of microblogging, just make an account
on Lemmy or kbin instead and in that case you
don’t need this tutorial. You might need a
reverse tutorial if you wanna interact with
people from Mastodon or Pixelfed or whatever,
but I don’t know how to make one since I
don’t know how Lemmy looks from the inside!
For us in gemspace, there is actually a
Fediverse on Gemini thing that’s awesome,
it’s called Tootik, but this tutorial doesn’t
apply to it yet since it can’t fetch posts by
URL as far as I know. I don’t know for sure,
but I believe you can still subscribe to
Lemmy and kbin groups from Tootik. I’ll edit
this section if I find out more.♥
# § Programming⠀➾
# ⚓ Mixed_feelings_about_Rust⠀⇛
Now, I was not intending for this post to see
a wide audience. I have no way of knowing how
many people read what I write there, but
based on the lack of feedback I’d guess not
many. This time, it was picked up by Rust
weekly, from whence it hit HackerNews. You
know how they say never read the comments? I
read the comments, which were overwhelmingly
negative of course.
[...]
Another of my criticisms was Rust macros. I
said flatly that they were a mistake. I stand
by that. Zig’s use of ‘comptime’ shows that a
fully developed language and compiler level
type reflection scheme can completely, and
cleanly, replace not only macros but a lot of
other metaprogramming pains. Generics are a
breeze with good type reflection. You can
move even more classes of bugs from runtime
to compile time. Heck, the comptime concept
enables Zig to have their build system
written in Zig.
Now, around this same time, @thecompiler was
getting ready to present a keynote address at
RustConf. Certain members of the Rust core
team took it upon themselves to turn this
into an awful mess, by reaching out to the
conference organizers and implying that the
core team had decided as a whole that his
talk was not a good fit for the keynote. Did
I mention that @thecompiler was one of the
editors of the C23 standard, and a massive
presence in the programming community? He was
insulted and it became a scandal.
=> =============================================================================
World Wide Web but a lot lighter.
䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 3701
╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕
⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.20.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧
Gemini_version_available_♊︎
✐ Gemini_Links_20/08/2023:_Letting_Go_of_Computers_and_Dark_Mode/Light_Mode⠀✐
Posted in News_Roundup at 8:18 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈
§ Contents⠀➾
* Gemini*_and_Gopher
o Personal/Opinions
o Technology_and_Free_Software
* § Gemini* and Gopher⠀➾
o § Personal/Opinions⠀➾
# ⚓ Curmudgeon⠀⇛
I’m a genuine, bona fide curmudgeon. I even love
the word.
[...]
That’s me to a tee. Funny thing is, I’ve been
something of a curmudgeon for longer than I’ve been
old. I’ve recently begun to realise that it’s my my
curmudgeonly personality is the fire that powers
many of my most intense creative efforts. I am
highly opinionated and extremely stubborn. I’m also
very non-confrontational. An interesting mix that
leads to some serious passive aggression. Some of
my most productive and weirdly enjoyable
programming sessions are prolonged instances of my
Angry Programming flow state: listening to metal
and reprogramming the whole fucking system if
that’s what it takes to get my way. I’ve lost days.
It’s also strongly related to the oddly-tuned
fight-or-flight reflex that caused me to whole-
heartedly dive into emacs rather than submit to the
evils of my macos work environment and to
frequently entertain fantasies of fucking off to a
shack in the wilderness (which in reality would no-
doubt end with me starving to death because I’m a
serial plant killer) because modern society annoys
the piss out of me on almost every level.
# ⚓ First_chapter_going_up_soon⠀⇛
Wanted to test out image embedding on this site so
here’s a teaser of some cleaning. Translation for
chapter 1 has finished and I should be able to get
it cleaned/typeset in the next day. I forgot how
much I enjoy the monotonous task of scanlating.
o § Technology and Free Software⠀➾
# ⚓ Letting_Go_of_Computers⠀⇛
I have owned computers since I was ten years old,
when my dad brought home a genuine IBM PC XT in
1983. They shaped my life and my thinking, even as
they shaped the world at large. I loved the magic
machines for a good many decades, but now I find
much to regret, on both the personal level and in
society at large.
I’ve had to step away from computers, for two
reasons. The first is aesthetic. Computing has
become a kind of ugly necessity, in which the
productive work we do must run in tandem with an
endless arms race against corporate and criminal
scum. Another firmware vulnerability, another
third-party database breach, another search engine
rendered useless by AI-generated SEO garbage. The
walled gardens get tighter and smaller; the end-
user profit squeeze more pronounced.
# ⚓ Dark_mode/light_mode⠀⇛
Using light mode at night hurts my eyes, but when I
first discovered how to set dark mode some fifteen-
some years ago, it was difficult to automatically
change back and forth. I would have to manually
change *every* single setting. It was so tedious.
So I left my devices on dark mode constantly, even
though that actually strained my eyes in the
daytime.
And so I progressed until the present day assuming
that it was still difficult.
But it’s not! Not anymore! There’s just a little
toggle I can select in Cinnamon to switch my
system. And Firefox (well, Floorp, but same
difference) automatically changes when I tell it
to! And so does Sidebery! And Dark Reader toggles
itself! And so does Discord, and so does the shiny
Mastodon userstyle I installed, and I can make my
custom Dreamwidth userstyle turn itself off when
I’m in light mode, and I just discovered Sublime
Text can *also* automatically switch between light
and dark mode, and and and.
# ⚓ Nozzle_Size⠀⇛
I’m used to higher resolution being an expensive
upgrade, so the idea of nearly double resolution
for a few dollars took me by surprise.
I’m talking about 3D printing. It was a couple of
months after buying a 3D printer that I learned
that you can buy different sized nozzles for the
Prusa MK3S; that they’re so cheap as to be
effectively free; and that while the default nozzle
size is 0.4mm, it works fine with a 0.25mm
nozzle—almost doubling the resolution.
So! I ordered some nozzles: and most importantly,
the 0.25mm and the 0.8mm nozzle.
=> =============================================================================
World Wide Web but a lot lighter.
䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 3860
╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕
⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.20.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧
Gemini_version_available_♊︎
✐ Links_20/08/2023:_Budgie_10.8_Desktop_and_Linux_6.5_RC7⠀✐
Posted in News_Roundup at 8:28 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈
§ Contents⠀➾
* GNU/Linux
o Audiocasts/Shows
o Kernel_Space
o Graphics_Stack
o Applications
o Instructionals/Technical
o Desktop_Environments/WMs
# K_Desktop_Environment/KDE_SC/Qt
# GNOME_Desktop/GTK
* Distributions_and_Operating_Systems
o BSD
o SUSE/OpenSUSE
o Devices/Embedded
o Open_Hardware/Modding
* Leftovers
o Hardware
o Health/Nutrition/Agriculture
o Proprietary/Artificial_Intelligence_(AI)
o Security
# Privacy/Surveillance
o Defence/Aggression
o Environment
# Energy/Transportation
o Finance
o AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics
o Censorship/Free_Speech
o Civil_Rights/Policing
o Internet_Policy/Net_Neutrality
o Monopolies
* § GNU/Linux⠀➾
o § Audiocasts/Shows⠀➾
# ⚓ Going Linux ☛ Going_Linux_#444_·_Welcome_to_Linux!_–
Desktops⠀⇛
We review some of the most popular Linux desktop
environment options. Included are KDE Plasma,
Gnome, Cinnamon, MATE, XFCE, LXDE, Budgie, Pantheon
and Deepin.
Episode_Time_Stamps
00:00 Going Linux #444 · Welcome to Linux! –
Desktops
01:18 Bill broke KDE on his computer
02:08 Larry fixed a 13 year old laptop with LXLE
09:29 Definition: Linux desktop environments
o § Kernel Space⠀➾
# ⚓ Linux mailing lists ☛ Linux_6.5-rc7⠀⇛
So it's Sunday afternoon, just not in the usual
timezone where I do
these releases, since I've been traveling.
But apart from the timezone difference, everything
looks entirely
normal. Drivers (GPU, networking and sound dominate
- the usual
suspects, in other words) and architecture fixes.
The latter are
mostly arm devicetree fixlets, but also some x86
cleanups and fallout
from the embargo last week.
Not a huge amount of patches, and I really get the
feeling that a lot
of maintainers are on vacation. But I will be
optimistic and also
blame it all being quiet on things working fairly
well.
So I think this will be the last rc unless
something nasty comes up.
Do keep testing,
Linus
o § Graphics Stack⠀➾
# ⚓ Mike_Blumenkrantz:_Yep⠀⇛
Finally a default value for gl_PointSize.
Long-term fans of the blog will recall that I’ve
previously raged against the insane concept that
pointsize must be written many times prior. In
fact, it remains the second most blogged about
topic in SGC history right behind
Big Triangledescriptor management, the topic that
modern graphics-related blogs must cover above all
others.
Finally with maintenance5 we can be freed from
these unjust shackles that have bound us for so
long. No more* shall complex logic be unnecessarily
injected into the compiler stack to add senseless
writes to this output.
* except all that code still has to exist and run
to handle drivers that don’t support maintenance5
Beyond the obvious benefit of having a fixed
default pointsize (sanity), let’s check out some
other benefits.
⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Shader
Reduction⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧
Previously all zink-emitted shaders would have a
pointsize write, even those that were never used
for drawing points. This resulted in unnecessary
shader i/o at the hardware level. Nobody wants
unnecessary shader i/o at the hardware level.
Now, however, it’s possible to use heuristics
during linking to delete all unnecessary pointsize
writes any time there is no XFB emission.
How much performance improvement will this yield?
o § Applications⠀➾
# ⚓ Linux Links ☛ 8_Best_Free_and_Open_Source_Search_Engines
for_Big_Data⠀⇛
Big Data is an all-inclusive term that refers to
data sets so large and complex that they need to be
processed by specially designed hardware and
software tools.
# ⚓ Linux Links ☛ 7_Best_Free_and_Open_Source_Linux_Speed
Reading_Tools⠀⇛
The software featured in this group test is based
on spritzing. Read text without moving your eyes,
and therefore rapidly increase your reading speed.
# ⚓ Sparky GNU/Linux ☛ Penguins’_eggs⠀⇛
There is a new application available for Sparkers:
Penguins’ eggs What is Penguins’ eggs? penguins-
eggs is a console tool, under continuous
development, that allows you to remaster your
system and redistribute it as live images on usb
sticks or via PXE. It supports: Debian, Devuan,
Ubuntu and major derivatives: Linuxmint, KDE neon,
etc.
# ⚓ Make Use Of ☛ 10_Ways_to_Secure_Your_Samba_Server_on
Linux⠀⇛
SMB (Server Message Block) protocol is a
cornerstone of file and printer sharing in
connected environments. However, the default
configuration of Samba can pose significant
security risks, leaving your network vulnerable to
unauthorized access and cyberattacks.
If you’re hosting a Samba server, you need to be
extra cautious with the configurations you have set
in place. Here are 10 critical steps to ensure your
SMB server remains secure and protected.
Linux is great for hosting servers. However,
whenever you’re dealing with servers, you have to
tread carefully and be extra aware as Linux servers
are always a lucrative target for threat actors.
It is paramount that you put sincere effort into
fortifying your network and hardening your Linux
servers. Besides properly configuring Samba, there
are a few other measures you should take to ensure
your Linux server is safe from the crosshair of
adversaries.
o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾
# ⚓ The New Stack ☛ Monitor,_Control_and_Debug_Docker
Containers_with_WhaleDeck⠀⇛
When you want to work with your Docker containers…
# ⚓ Mastering_Disk_Usage_with_du_Command_in_Linux:_A_Beginner’s
Guide⠀⇛
Have you noticed “how can you see the size of
directory in Linux?”
# ⚓ Exploring_System_Performance_with_Top_Command_in_Linux:_A
Comprehensive_Guide⠀⇛
The top command in Linux is one of the most
frequently used commands in our daily system
administrative jobs.
# ⚓ ID Root ☛ How_To_Install_Squid_Proxy_on_Rocky_Linux_9⠀⇛
In this tutorial, we will show you how to install
Squid Proxy on Rocky Linux 9. For those of you who
didn’t know, Squid Proxy is an open-source caching
and forwarding HTTP proxy server that enables
clients to access web resources while hiding their
identity and improving browsing speed through
content caching.
# ⚓ ID Root ☛ How_to_Open,_Extract_and_Create_RAR_Files_on
Linux⠀⇛
RAR files are a widely used archive format that
enables users to compress and package multiple
files into a single, space-saving package. As a
Linux user, understanding how to efficiently
extract and create RAR files is essential for
managing your data effectively.
# ⚓ ID Root ☛ How_To_Install_WildFly_on_Debian_12⠀⇛
In this tutorial, we will show you how to install
WildFly on Debian 12. For those of you who didn’t
know, WildFly formerly known as JBoss, is a leading
open-source Java application server that provides a
robust platform for developing and deploying Java-
based applications.
# ⚓ HowTo Forge ☛ How_to_Install_a_Debian_12_(Bookworm)_Minimal
Server⠀⇛
This tutorial shows in detail how to install a
Debian 12 (Bookworm) minimal server with many
screenshots. The purpose of this guide is to
provide a minimal setup that can be used as the
basis for our other Debian 12 tutorials here at
howtoforge.com.
# ⚓ Linuxiac ☛ How_to_Install_LEMP_Stack_(Nginx,_MariaDB,_PHP)
on_Debian_12⠀⇛
Learn step-by-step: Install LEMP stack (Nginx,
MariaDB, PHP) on Debian 12 “Bookworm” for efficient
web hosting and blazing-fast performance.
# ⚓ Net2 ☛ How_to_Pass_Environment_Variables_to_Docker
Containers⠀⇛
When working with Docker containers, you’ll often
want to pass configuration options and other data
into containers via environment variables. There
are several ways to inject environment variables
into Docker containers both at build and run time.
# ⚓ Own HowTo ☛ How_to_install_Visual_Studio_Code_on_Debian_12
[Ed: Terrible idea. It is proprietary spyware controlled by a
company that's constantly attacking Linux from both inside
and outside. Stay away. Try something like Kate.]⠀⇛
There are several ways to install Visual Studio
Code on Debian 12.
However, in this tutorial you will learn how to
install Visual Studio Code on Debian 12 by using
the official repository.
# ⚓ Getting_Started_with_MySQL:_Step-by-Step_Guide_for
Installation_on_Ubuntu⠀⇛
MySQL is well known and an open-source database
management system. It uses a relational database
and SQL to manage data.
# ⚓ Real Linux User ☛ How_to_install_Linux_Mint_on_a_PC_or_Mac
–_Linux_Mint_21.2_Edition⠀⇛
I hope you read all my previous Linux Mint
tutorials in the preferred order, so you know now
how to download Linux Mint…
# ⚓ Install_Cockpit_Flatpak_Client_on_Ubuntu_22.04.3_(Gnome
Desktop)⠀⇛
Cockpit Client provides a graphical interface to
your servers, containers, and virtual machines.
Connections are made over SSH, using the SSH
configuration of the local user (including aliases,
known hosts, key files, hardware tokens, etc).
# ⚓ Evan Hahn ☛ My_mnemonic_to_remember_tar_commands_on_Linux⠀⇛
The tar command is famous for being hard to use.
What flags do you use for creating a tarball? What
about extracting one?
I remember two mnemonics when doing this: create a
file and extract a file.
# ⚓ Linux Handbook ☛ Get_Script_Directory_Location_in_Bash⠀⇛
Here are a couple of ways of getting the directory
location of your bash script inside the bash
script.
o § Desktop Environments/WMs⠀➾
# ⚓ 9to5Linux ☛ Budgie_10.8_Desktop_Released_with_New_Trash
Applet,_Budgie_Menu_Improvements⠀⇛
Budgie 10.8 comes with a new applet called Budgie
Trash Applet that was previously available as a
third-party applet, but not it comes pre-installed
by default with the new Budgie release. Apart from
the usual functionality of such an applet, the
Budgie Trash Applet also features support for
restoring trashed files.
Another interesting change in Budgie 10.8 is
support for the StatusNotifier specification in the
System Tray Applet, which enables applications to
show their icons and menus in the system tray area
in a modern way that is expected from a desktop
environment in 2023.
# ⚓ Beta News ☛ Budgie_10.8_takes_Linux_desktop_experience_to
new_heights⠀⇛
Exciting news, y’all! Budgie 10.8 has landed, and
the Linux desktop environment is packed with
features that promise to transform how we interact
with our desktops.
First off, the Budgie Menu has received quite the
makeover. If you’ve ever scratched your head
wondering why certain apps are in the ‘Other’
category, you’re not alone. The team listened to
feedback, and now, applications have found more
fitting categories. Plus, there’s a nifty fix for
non-Latin text crashes, thanks to a switch to C for
the Application Indexer’s fuzzy scoring function.
And, let’s say goodbye to the Utilities category;
its apps have found a new home in System Tools.
# ⚓ Linuxiac ☛ Budgie_Desktop_10.8_Released,_Here’s_What’s
New⠀⇛
Budgie Desktop is a modern, user-friendly desktop
environment for Linux operating systems built on
GNOME technologies. It is designed to provide a
clean, elegant user interface while lightweight and
efficient.
Initially developed by the Solus Project, the
desktop has gained popularity and has been widely
adopted by other Linux distributions. Currently, it
is developed by the Buddies of Budgie organization.
Nearly seven months after version 10.7 was released
at the beginning of the year, Budgie 10.8 is here,
so let’s see what’s changed.
# § K Desktop Environment/KDE SC/Qt⠀➾
# ⚓ Are_we_transparent_enough?⠀⇛
For me this was surprising, so I would like
to raise a few questions here that might as
well be answered with: “sure, we are”, and I
just did not see it because I am a bit out of
touch with KDE development news (and modern
ways of communication in general). Personal
and biased opinion follows. But here are the
questions first:
Are we handling such a prominently user-
facing (as in in your face) changes
transparently enough?
How do we decide for such (as in
groundbreaking) new defaults?
Have the users (as in many of them) been
asked?
So, now for the personal opinion…
# § GNOME Desktop/GTK⠀➾
# ⚓ Dave_Patrick_Caberto:_GSoC_2023:_Rust_and_GTK_4
Bustle_Rewrite_(Week_9_&_10)⠀⇛
I am thrilled to announce that a lot of
progress happened once again over the past
few weeks! Starting with the most important
thing, the diagram, a lot of bugs has been
squashed and the rendering performance is now
improved to a usable_and_merge-able_state.
# ⚓ Why_Nautilus_is_my_favorite_file_manager⠀⇛
Introduction We often overlook the file
explorer or manager when it comes to Linux
distributions or general computers.
* § Distributions and Operating Systems⠀➾
o ⚓ Top_10_Best_Linux_Server_Distros_for_Powerful_Performance⠀⇛
Linux servers are renowned for their robustness, enhanced
security features, and ability to handle heavy traffic,
making them an optimal choice for businesses and
organizations. These servers offer dynamic versatility
and scalability, allowing diverse customization options
and the ability to adapt to varying load conditions.
o § BSD⠀➾
# ⚓ Dan Langille ☛ kernel:_pid_4900_(conftest),_jid_968,_uid
65534:_exited_on_signal_11_(core_dumped)⠀⇛
I see see these log messages on a regular basis.
There is no distinct pattern. Some nights there
might be 1, others 2. Today there were three: r730-
01 is my main server in the basement.
# ⚓ Dan Langille ☛ Bacula_–_calculating_Maximum_Volume_Bytes
and_Maximum_Volumes_based_on_historical_data⠀⇛
I’ve used Bacula since at least January 2004 (so
nearly 20 years). I liked it so much I dropped my
deployment-in-motion of another tool (if you search
lightly, you can find out which one). I liked it so
much, I wrote a PostgreSQL backend for it. This
post is not for Bacula novices.
o § SUSE/OpenSUSE⠀➾
# ⚓ DaemonFC (Ryan Farmer) ☛ I_Managed_to_Make_Fallout_4_Work
in_openSUSE_Leap.⠀⇛
So, openSUSE Leap 15.5 being an enterprise-like
system with slow moving releases, it’s been
something of a chore to set up for a laptop,
especially one where I occasionally want to play
Windows games.
Even after installing the vulkan packages and Wine
Stable 8.0, and the media codecs from the “Packman”
repository with “opi”, when I launched Fallout 4
Game of the Year Edition this time, I ended up with
no voices and no soundtracks.
When I ran it with wine Fallout4.exe, it complained
that it could not find a Windows Media Audio codec
for gstreamer.
o § Devices/Embedded⠀➾
# ⚓ CNX Software ☛ Setting_up_a_private_LoRaWAN_network_with
WisGate_Connect_gateway⠀⇛
In this guide, we’ll explain how to set up a
private LoRaWAN network using the Raspberry Pi CM4-
based RAKwireless’ WisGate Connect gateway and
Docker or Portainer to install NodeRED, InfluxDB,
Grafana, and other packages required to configure
our gateway. The WisGate Connect is quite a
versatile gateway with Gigabit and 2.5Gbps Ethernet
plus several optional wireless connectivity options
such as LoRaWAN, 4G LTE, 5G, WiFi 6, Zigbee, WiFi
HaLoW, and more that can be added through Mini PCIe
or M.2 sockets, expansion through WisBlock IO
connectors and a 40-pin Raspberry Pi HAT connector.
We’ll start by looking at the gateway features in
detail, but if you already know all that, you can
jump to the private LoRaWAN network configuration
section.
o § Open Hardware/Modding⠀➾
# ⚓ Tom’s Hardware ☛ Raspberry_Pi_Pico_Powers_Nixie_LCD_Clock⠀⇛
Yakroo is at it again, this time with a Raspberry
Pi Pico-powered Nixie LCD clock—complete with a
custom PCB.
# ⚓ Tom’s Hardware ☛ Raspberry_Pi_Cyberdeck_Uses_Custom_RP2040
Keyboard_and_Mouse_PCB⠀⇛
Ike T. Sanglay Jr. is using a Raspberry Pi to both
power and operate his custom-built cyberdeck
project.
* § Leftovers⠀➾
o ⚓ Ruben Schade ☛ Spelling_misatkes_(cough)⠀⇛
I’m trying to train myself to stop misspelling these
words:
# acknowlege → acknowledge
# discernable → discernible
# existance → existence
# eshew → eschew
# maintanance → maintenance
# vaccum → vacuum
# vechile → vehicle
My success rate thus far is hovering around… 50%? I’m at
the point now where I remember both spellings, but forget
which one I’m supposed to be using.
o ⚓ UNIX Cop ☛ What_is_Web_Security_and_Why_It_Is_Important_for_Your
Website? [Ed: Linkspam disguised as article? This is very poorly
done SEO stuny.]⠀⇛
Businesses of all kinds are finding it increasingly
challenging to protect their customers’ financial and
private details as technology advances.
o ⚓ Zach_Oglesby:_Change⠀⇛
As the old saying goes, “The only constant in life is
change.” My life has been ruled by it, moving around as a
kid, life in the military, and the same old stuff we all
deal with as we age and grow.
For the last 15 years, my wife has been the only constant
in my life. We met in Delaware while I was stationed
there. We fell in love, got married, and I scooped her
away from the only home she had ever known to go live in
Spain with me.
o § Hardware⠀➾
# ⚓ Tom’s Hardware ☛ Which_Infill_Pattern_Should_You_Use_for_3D
Prints?⠀⇛
Improve the quality of your 3D prints by choosing
the ideal infill pattern based on your needs.
# ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Modeling_A_Guitar_For_Circuit_Simulation⠀⇛
Guitar effects have come a long way from the
jangly, unaltered sounds of the 1950s when rock and
roll started picking up steam. Starting in large
part with [Jimi Hendrix] in the 60s, the number of
available effects available to guitarists
snowballed in the following decades step-by-step
with the burgeoning electronics industry. Now,
there are tons of effects, from simple analog
devices that would have been familiar to [Hendrix]
to complex, far-reaching, digital effects available
to anyone with a computer. Another thing available
to modern guitarists is the ability to model these
effects and guitars in circuit simulators, as
[Iain] does.
# ⚓ Tom’s Hardware ☛ Nvidia_vs_AMD_vs_Intel:_Last_12_Months_of
GPUs_Are_Disappointing⠀⇛
With over a dozen new desktop GPUs launched over
the past year, we provide a retrospective on how
things have played out, both good and bad.
Unfortunately, most of the latest generation has
been a disappointment.
# ⚓ Hackaday ☛ A_Nifty_Tool_For_Counting_Neopixels⠀⇛
Picture it. You’ve got a big roll of NeoPixels, but
you have no idea how many are actually on the tape.
Or you need to count how many WS2812B LEDs are in a
display to properly plan your animations. Fear not,
for [Gustavo Laureano] has built the perfect tool
for counting the addressable LEDs.
o § Health/Nutrition/Agriculture⠀➾
# ⚓ Scheerpost ☛ Moderna_Paid_400_Million_to_NIH⠀⇛
# ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Your_Body_Can_Be_‘Younger’_Than_You_Are.
Here’s_How_That’s_Possible.⠀⇛
The weird mystery of biological age.
# ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Microplastics_Could_Trigger_Inflammation_in
Human_Brain_Cells⠀⇛
Bad news for anyone with a brain.
o § Proprietary/Artificial Intelligence (AI)⠀➾
# ⚓ Russell Coker ☛ Russell_Coker:_GPT_Systems_and
Relationships⠀⇛
Sam_Hartman_wrote_an_interesting_blog_post_about
his_work_as_a_sex_and_intimacy_educator_and_how_GPT
systems_could_impact_that_[1].
I’ve read some positive reviews of Replika_–_a
commercial_system_that_is_somewhat_promoted_as_a
counsellor_[2], so I decided to try it out. In my
brief trial it seemed to be using all the methods
that Android pay to play games are known for.
Having multiple types of in-game currency, pay to
buy new clothes etc for your friend, etc. Basically
it seems pretty horrible. I didn’t pay for it and
the erotic and romantic features all require
payment so I didn’t test that.
# ⚓ New Yorker ☛ Wanda_Sykes_Is_Taking_It_All_In⠀⇛
The actor and comedian on what’s at stake in the
writers’ strike, why politics are central to her
standup, and how the scene has changed during her
thirty-plus-year career.
# ⚓ NYPost ☛ Ex-wife_of_slain_Microsoft_exec_makes_surprising
legal_move_after_arrest⠀⇛
Shanna Gardner Fernandez, who could get the death
penalty if convicted, won’t waive extradition
during her first court appearance late Friday
afternoon.
# ⚓ New York Times ☛ When_Hackers_Descended_to_Test_A.I.,_They
Found_Flaws_Aplenty⠀⇛
The hackers had the blessing of the White House and
leading A.I. companies, which want to learn about
vulnerabilities before those with nefarious
intentions do.
o § Security⠀➾
# ⚓ Mozilla_VPN:_Security_Flaw_Opens_Door_to_Multiple_Integrity
Breaches [Ed: Mozilla_VPN is like Facebook’s notorious VPN,
which was spying; and guess what, Mozilla hired loads of
people from Facebook to run Mozilla.]⠀⇛
A cybersecurity researcher from SUSE, a Linux
distribution manufacturer, has made public a
serious security flaw in the Mozilla VPN client for
Linux.
# ⚓ Security Week ☛ Suspected_N._Korean_Hackers_Target_S.
Korea-US_Drills⠀⇛
North Korea-linked “Kimsuky” hackers carried out
“continuous malicious email attacks” on contractors
working at the war simulation centre.
# § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾
# ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Smart_Doorbell_Focuses_On_Privacy⠀⇛
As handy as having a smart doorbell is, with
its ability to remotely see who’s at the
front door from anywhere with an Internet
connection, the off-the-shelf units are not
typically known for keeping user privacy as a
top priority. Even if their cloud storage
systems were perfectly secure (which is not a
wise assumption to make) they have been known
to give governmental agencies and police free
reign to view the videos whenever they like.
Unfortunately if you take privacy seriously,
you might need to implement your own smart
doorbell yourself.
o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾
# ⚓ teleSUR ☛ US_Military_Buildup_in_Mideast_Compromises
Regional_Security⠀⇛
Earlier this month, the U.S. Navy’s Bataan
Amphibious Ready Group and the 26th Marine
Expeditionary Unit arrived in the Middle East.
# ⚓ New York Times ☛ U.S.-Japan-South_Korea_Security_Pact
Likely_to_Deepen_China’s_Dismay⠀⇛
What its signers, Japan, South Korea and the United
States, call deterrence, China characterizes as
encirclement, even provocation.
# ⚓ New York Times ☛ Biden_Welcomes_Japanese_and_South_Korean
Leaders_to_Camp_David_Summit⠀⇛
President Biden is hosting the leaders of the two
Asian nations to overcome historical grievances and
present a united front in the face of an
increasingly assertive China.
# ⚓ RFA ☛ South_Korea,_Japan_and_US_vow_‘new_era’⠀⇛
At Camp David, the three leaders laud a
‘blossoming’ of ties and pledge annual summits and
military exercises.
# ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ North_Korea_slams_UN_human_rights
meeting_as_a_US_‘scheme’⠀⇛
China opposed the meeting of the council on abuses
in North Korea, but it did not attempt to block it.
# ⚓ Atlantic Council ☛ Biases_blind_us_to_the_risk_of_Chinese
military_intervention_in_Korea⠀⇛
This paper examines the historical record of
cognitive biases, focusing on the US intelligence
community’s failure to forecast PRC intervention in
the Korean War, despite collecting information and
evidence indicative of that outcome.
# ⚓ France24 ☛ China_launches_military_drills_around_Taiwan_as
‘stern_warning’_after_VP’s_US_visit⠀⇛
China held air and sea drills around Taiwan on
Saturday, in what it said was a “stern warning”
after the island’s vice president visited the
United States.
# ⚓ Mint Press News ☛ Documents_Show_Taiwan_Working_With_FBI_to
Prosecute_Chinese_Americans,_Intimidate_US_Politicians⠀⇛
Official documents reviewed by MintPress show that
the government of Taiwan is attempting to drum up
anti-China hostility, intimidate American
politicians and is even working with the FBI to spy
on Chinese Americans.
# ⚓ RFA ☛ Hong_Kongers_flock_to_Taiwan_to_savor_milk_tea_and
freedom⠀⇛
Many head for Hong Kong-run or pro-democracy
businesses, as Cantonese is increasingly spoken on
Taipei’s streets.
# ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ China_launches_drills_around_Taiwan_in
angry_response_to_V-P_William_Lai’s_US_trip⠀⇛
>
Taiwan’s Defence Ministry has strongly condemned
the drills.
# ⚓ New York Times ☛ China_to_Stage_Military_Exercises_Around
Taiwan⠀⇛
The joint air and sea drills, widely expected in
response to a presidential candidate’s visit to the
United States, so far appear to be relatively
limited.
# ⚓ RFA ☛ New_airport,_Mekong_port_in_Laos_could_divert_revenue
to_China,_officials_say⠀⇛
Murky ‘Golden Triangle’ Special Economic Zone is
gambling and tourist hub catering to Chinese.
# ⚓ RFERL ☛ Kyrgyz_Government_Signs_Agreement_With
Controversial_Chinese_Investor⠀⇛
Kyrgyz Prime Minister Akylbek Japarov signed
agreements during a visit to China’s Xinjiang Uygur
Autonomous Region with the Chinese company Tebian
Electric Apparatus for the construction of
hydropower plants along the Sary-Jaz River and
high-voltage powerlines in the country’s northern
regions.
# ⚓ Tom’s Hardware ☛ Chinese_Export_Restrictions_Lead_to
Exploding_Rare_Metal_Prices⠀⇛
According to industry reports, prices for rare
metal gallium (Ga) have increased tenfold in less
than a month. The price increase follows a supply
decrease following the August 1st-imposed export
restrictions by China.
# ⚓ RFA ☛ To_the_Chinese_diaspora_in_New_Zealand,_China_mutes
critics_and_feeds_talking_points⠀⇛
Independent Chinese media outlets go out of
business and are replaced with Beijing-friendly
voices.
# ⚓ NYPost ☛ MMA_champs_offer_to_train_Elon_Musk_for_cage_match
—_because_they_hate_Mark_Zuckerberg⠀⇛
“No one likes Zuckerberg because he’s a communist
that’s suppressing our speech, and ruining most of
our businesses,” Robichaux told The Post. “We feel
like he needs his a– beat.”
# ⚓ New York Times ☛ Ecuador’s_Election:_What_to_Know⠀⇛
With the country’s attention riveted on violence
perpetrated by gangs and drug cartels, the security
issue is paramount — and may be decisive.
o § Environment⠀➾
# ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ How_nightly_marine_light_pollution
harms_sea_life,_the_environment_and_Hongkongers⠀⇛
By Steven Chan and Thomas Chan, The Green Earth
Marine light pollution caused by bright fishing
lights is a growing concern in Hong Kong. It
adversely affects the environment, disrupts coastal
residents, harms marine life, and poses risks to
navigation.
# ⚓ New York Times ☛ Mexico_Braces_for_Rain_and_Flooding_from
Hurricane_Hilary⠀⇛
The torrential rain and flooding that threaten
Southern California also menaced Baja California,
the western Mexico peninsula that is popular with
tourists.
# ⚓ Axios ☛ Hilary_to_deliver_all-time_record_rainfall_to_the
Southwest_Sunday_into_Monday⠀⇛
Tropical Storm Hilary is bringing the likelihood of
“catastrophic_and_life-threatening_flooding” to
California Sunday, while prompting unprecedented
tropical_storm_warnings for Los Angeles and San
Diego.
Threat level:The storm is not only dumping two
years or more worth of rain in California’s desert
areas. It is also bringing tropical rainfall rates,
which can be torrential, to areas that have never
experienced them and are vulnerable to flash
flooding even in more ordinary downpours.
# ⚓ Axios ☛ Hurricane_Hilary_may_produce_two_to_three_years’
worth_of_rain_in_California⠀⇛
Hurricane Hilary is speeding up its approach to
southern California, prompting unprecedented
tropical_storm_warnings for Los Angeles and San
Diego, and fears of “catastrophic” flooding,
according to the National Hurricane Center.
# ⚓ MIT Technology Review ☛ How_a_half-trillion_dollars_is
transforming_climate_technology⠀⇛
A half-trillion dollars is starting to work its way
through the US economy, remaking climate technology
along the way. One year ago, the Inflation
Reduction Act was signed into law, marking the most
significant action on climate change to date from
the federal government.
# § Energy/Transportation⠀➾
# ⚓ Barry Kauler ☛ Milo_Stove:_drilling_the_lid⠀⇛
This is post #4 of the Milo Stove project.
Post #3 is here:
https://bkhome.org/news/202308/milo-stove-
chicken-tin-and-mesh-stand.html
The lid of the Milo tin is being re-purposed
as the base on which will sit the alcohol
burner. As mentioned in post #3, the air
inlet is underneath the chicken-tin. Here are
the holes drilled in the lid: [...]
# ⚓ Axios ☛ Maui_wildfires_spark_new_fears_about_outdated
U.S._power_grid⠀⇛
The U.S. power grid is outdated and
overtaxed, and it’s only growing more
vulnerable under the pressures of soaring
demand, extreme_weather_and_climate_change.
o § Finance⠀➾
# ⚓ India Times ☛ Delivery_work_not_permanent_career_choice,
gig_staffing_segment_sees_half-yearly_churn:_experts⠀⇛
Blue-collar jobs in delivery and logistics are
still a stopgap for workers with gig staffing
companies recording a churn in recruited partners
every 4-5 months, according to experts. Blue collar
staffing for delivery and logistics, a relatively
new job category, is seen by workers as a stopgap
arrangement or means of generating supplementary
income, say experts adding that many prefer not to
take it up as a permanent career choice citing the
“stigma” attached to these roles.
# ⚓ Quartz ☛ Long-term_mortgage_rates_in_the_US_hit_a_two-
decade_high⠀⇛
There’s more bad news for potential homebuyers in
the US, who’re already challenged by a dearth of
available homes. The cost of borrowing is shooting
up to decade highs.
# ⚓ New York Times ☛ China_Faces_a_Crisis_in_Its_Real_Estate
Sector⠀⇛
Beijing wanted to cool its housing market, but
created a bigger problem, as the fallout from debt-
laden developers and sinking sales spreads to the
broader economy.
# ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ Lottery_sales_in_China_soar,_as
youth_seek_to_scratch_an_economic_itch_amid_faltering_fiscal
forecasts⠀⇛
By Rebecca Bailey with Emily Wang Chinese
livestreamer Chen Ying has spent more than 100,000
yuan (around US$14,000) on lottery scratch cards,
which she systematically scrapes through on camera
for her followers on social media platform Douyin.
# ⚓ Quartz ☛ China’s_debt-laden_Evergrande_has_sought
bankruptcy_protection_in_the_US⠀⇛
China Evergrande Group, the property giant whose
collapse precipitated a real estate sector crisis
in the country, has filed for bankruptcy in the US.
The company sought protection under chapter 15 of
the US bankruptcy code in a Manhattan court on
Thursday (Aug. 17) as part of its massive debt
restructuring plan.
# ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ Chinese_property_giant_Evergrande
files_for_bankruptcy_protection_in_US⠀⇛
Embattled Chinese property giant Evergrande Group
filed for bankruptcy protection in the United
States on Thursday, court documents showed, a
measure that protects its US assets while it
attempts to restructure.
# ⚓ Atlantic Council ☛ The_Chinese_economy’s_moment_of_macro
weakness—in_charts⠀⇛
The Chinese economy is weakening as seen through
indicators related to its property and
manufacturing sectors, unemployment, inflation, and
trade.
# ⚓ Reason ☛ Biden_Credits_Falling_Profits_for_Lower_Inflation.
Is_Corporate_Greed_Over?⠀⇛
Progressives like Sens. Elizabeth Warren and Bernie
Sanders typically blame corporate greed for higher
prices. When prices go down, does this mean they
should credit corporate benevolence?
# ⚓ Atlantic Council ☛ The_Chinese_economy’s_moment_of_macro
weakness._In_charts⠀⇛
The Chinese economy is weakening as seen through
indicators related to its property and
manufacturing sectors, unemployment, inflation, and
trade.
# ⚓ WhichUK ☛ Which?_Money_podcast:_will_food_prices_come_down
soon?⠀⇛
As inflation continues to fall we look at whether
the cost of supermarket groceries could follow
# ⚓ Federal News Network ☛ Stock_market_today:_Asia_follows
Wall_Street_lower_after_Fed’s_notes_dent_hopes_of_rate_hikes
ending⠀⇛
Asian stocks have followed Wall Street lower after
notes from a U.S. Federal Reserve meeting dented
hopes interest rate hikes are finished. Hong Kong
and Tokyo lost more than 1%. Shanghai, Seoul and
Sydney also retreated. Oil prices declined. Wall
Street’s benchmark S&P 500 lost 0.8% after minutes
from the Fed’s latest meeting suggested board
members are unsure what to do after raising their
key lending rate to a two-decade high. Traders had
hoped they would decide inflation was under control
and last month’s rate hike was the last. Bond
yields widened after the Fed notes increased
expectations of another possible rate hike.
# ⚓ H2 View ☛ Inflation_Reduction_Act_one_year_on⠀⇛
As the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) reaches a
milestone on Wednesday (August 16), H2 View weighs
up the positives and uncertainties surrounding the
landmark legislation.
# ⚓ MIT Technology Review ☛ The_Download:_tech’s_ethical
congregation,_and_the_Inflation_Reduction_Act’s_anniversary⠀⇛
This is today’s edition of The Download, our
weekday newsletter that provides a daily dose of
what’s going on in the world of technology. The
rise of the tech ethics congregation Just before
Christmas last year, a pastor preached a gospel of
morals over money to several hundred members of his
flock.
# ⚓ WhichUK ☛ Inflation_falls_to_6.8%_in_July_2023_–_can_any
savings_rate_beat_it?⠀⇛
Rail fare rises to stay below the separate RPI
measure of inflation which hit 9%
o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾
# ⚓ New York Times ☛ Guatemala’s_Anti_Corruption_Crusader_is_on
Cusp_of_Presidency⠀⇛
Can an intellectual on an anti-graft crusade win
the presidency in a nation sliding toward
authoritarianism? Guatemala is about to find out.
# ⚓ CS Monitor ☛ ‘Last_bastion_of_democracy’?_Guatemalans_vote
in_presidential_runoff.⠀⇛
A surprise presidential runoff candidate, a blatant
attack on electoral independence, and the shock
waves that could shift the future of democracy in
Guatemala.
# ⚓ New York Times ☛ Texas_Woman_Charged_With_Threatening_to
Kill_Judge_in_Trump_Election_Case⠀⇛
Days after the woman called her chambers, Judge
Tanya S. Chutkan cautioned the former president
about making “inflammatory statements” that could
harm the integrity of the case.
# § Misinformation/Disinformation/Propaganda⠀➾
# ⚓ RFA ☛ Experts_warn_of_renewed_Chinese_Communist_Party
‘cognitive_warfare’_on_US_campuses⠀⇛
Beijing’s infiltration has morphed into
targeting dissent, religious groups and
technical know-how
o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾
# ⚓ Scheerpost ☛ Free_Speech_Gone_on_Twitter?_New_CEO_Pushes
Shadowbanning_&_Content_Moderation⠀⇛
# ⚓ Reason ☛ “Sacramento_Black_Lives_Matter_Founder_Settles
Libel_Lawsuit_with_Video_Apology”⠀⇛
From Thursday’s story in the Sacramento Bee (Sam
Stanton) (link added): More than two years after a
Sacramento-area businesswoman was falsely accused
of posting racist and hateful comments on the
Facebook page for Sacramento’s Black Lives Matter
chapter, her lawsuit against BLM Sacramento has
been settled with the group’s founder issuing a
public apology….
# ⚓ Reason ☛ When_Can_Knowingly/Recklessly_False_Political
Statements_by_Lawyers_Lead_to_Discipline?⠀⇛
Generally speaking, the law can’t punish false
statements about the government—even knowing
lies—on the grounds that they damage the
government’s reputation.
# ⚓ Reason ☛ No_Sealing_of_Plaintiff’s_Expunged_Court_Records
That_Are_Central_to_Plaintiff’s_Libel_Claim⠀⇛
“[T]he fate of Plaintiff’s claims hinges to some
extent on the truth or falsity of Defendant’s
statements regarding Plaintiff’s conviction of a
crime. Whether Defendant’s statements are false—a
determination that relies at least in part on
Plaintiff’s criminal records—is directly relevant
to the public.”
# ⚓ Reason ☛ Illinois_Court_Rejects_Claim_for_Group_Libel_of
Poles_Living_During_World_War_II_Era⠀⇛
People may be able to successfully sue based on
allegedly false and defamatory statements about
themselves, or about very small groups of people
that include themselves—but not based on statements
about whole countries or ethnic groups.
# ⚓ Reason ☛ Fifth_Circuit_Affirms_Just_Hours_After_Oral
Argument:_Criminal_Libel_Arrest_for_Criticizing_Police
Officer_…⠀⇛
was unconstitutional.
o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾
# ⚓ RFERL ☛ Pakistan_Arrests_Prominent_Rights_Activist,_Pashtun
Leader⠀⇛
Prominent Pakistani human rights activist Imaan
Zainab Mazari was detained in Islamabad on August
20, purportedly in connection with a speech she
delivered two days earlier in which she sharply
criticized the military.
# ⚓ TwinCities Pioneer Press ☛ Leonard_Greene:_‘I_Have_a_Dream’
was_the_most_important_speech_at_the_March._This_was_a_close
second.⠀⇛
MLK lieutenant Clarence Jones says he’s still drawn
to the words of a German-born rabbi.
o § Internet Policy/Net Neutrality⠀➾
# ⚓ New Yorker ☛ The_Inner_Life_of_an_Internet_Companion_in
“It’s_What_Each_Person_Needs”⠀⇛
Sophy Romvari’s film follows a young woman who
works online, sometimes stripping, sometimes
singing, always involved in the performance of
self.
o § Monopolies⠀➾
# ⚓ Quartz ☛ Intel_called_off_the_$5.4_billion_Tower_deal_after
failing_to_secure_approval_from_Chinese_regulators⠀⇛
Intel has terminated its plans to acquire Israeli
chip maker Tower Semiconductor after both companies
failed to get timely regulatory approvals from
Chinese authorities.
# ⚓ Silicon Angle ☛ Intel_scraps_its_$5.4B_acquisition_of_Tower
Semiconductor⠀⇛
Intel Corp. today scrapped its plan to acquire
specialty chipmaker Tower Semiconductor Ltd. for
$5.4 billion. Under the terms of the acquisition,
which the companies announced last February, Intel
had until Tuesday midnight PDT to close the
transaction. It reportedly missed the deadline
after failing to secure regulatory approval in
China.
# ⚓ New York Times ☛ Intel_Acquisition_of_Tower_Semiconductor
Is_Scuttled_by_China⠀⇛
Intel calls off its planned acquisition of Tower
Semiconductor, an Israeli chip maker, after waiting
in vain for 18 months for a review by Chinese
regulators.
# ⚓ Tom’s Hardware ☛ China_Ramps_Multi-Chiplet_Efforts_with
Industry_Heavyweights⠀⇛
Huawei, JCET, Verisilicon, NationalChip, and Tongfu
can support Chinese chiplet efforts.
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