𝕿𝖊𝖈𝖍𝖗𝖎𝖌𝖍𝖙𝖘 Bulletin for Thursday, March 03, 2022
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Generated Fri 4 Mar 02:40:55 GMT 2022
Created by Dr. Roy Schestowitz (𝚛𝚘𝚢 (at) 𝚜𝚌𝚑𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚘𝚠𝚒𝚝𝚣 (dot) 𝚌𝚘𝚖)
Full hyperlinks for navigation omitted but are fully available in the originals
The corresponding HTML versions are at 𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈
Latest in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕 and older bulletins can be found at 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕-𝒂𝒓𝒄𝒉𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒔
Full IPFS index in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔 and as plain text in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔/𝒕𝒙𝒕
Gemini index for the day: gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/03/03/
╒═══════════════════ 𝐑𝐄𝐂𝐄𝐍𝐓 𝐁𝐔𝐋𝐋𝐄𝐓𝐈𝐍𝐒 ════════════════════════════════════╕
Previous bulletins in IPFS (past 21 days, in chronological order):
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╒═══════════════════ 𝐈𝐍𝐃𝐄𝐗 ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════╕
⦿ How to Make the Free Software Community Look Like a Bunch of Bigots While Accomplishing Nothing | Techrights
⦿ Message to LibrePlanet (From Ukraine) ’Censored’ But Not Ignored | Techrights
⦿ OSI Taken Over (Even More Than Before) by Microsoft, Whereas FSF Removes Troublemakers | Techrights
⦿ IRC Proceedings: Wednesday, March 02, 2022 | Techrights
⦿ News Roundups (Daily Links) Improved, Other Site-Related News of Interest | Techrights
⦿ A Real President | Techrights
⦿ Red Hat’s “State of Enterprise Open Source” Report Made on an Apple Mac Using Proprietary Software | Techrights
䷼ Bulletin articles (as HTML) to comment on (requires login):
http://techrights.org/2022/03/03/accomplishing-nothing-for-a-good-feeling/#comments
http://techrights.org/2022/03/03/from-ukraine-with-love/#comments
http://techrights.org/2022/03/03/fsf-removes-troublemakers/#comments
http://techrights.org/2022/03/03/irc-log-020322/#comments
http://techrights.org/2022/03/03/news-roundups-daily-links-improved-other-site-related-news-of-interest/#comments
http://techrights.org/2022/03/03/real-presidents/#comments
http://techrights.org/2022/03/03/state-of-proprietary-software/#comments
䷞ Followed by Daily Links (assorted news picks curated and categorised):
http://techrights.org/2022/03/03/kde-gear-21-12-3/#comments
http://techrights.org/2022/03/03/libreoffice-7-3-1/#comments
http://techrights.org/2022/03/03/microsoft-antitrust-abuses/#comments
http://techrights.org/2022/03/03/new-from-banana-pi/#comments
䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 68
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(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2022/03/03/accomplishing-nothing-for-a-good-feeling/#comments
Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/03/03/accomplishing-nothing-for-a-good-feeling/
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✐ How_to_Make_the_Free_Software_Community_Look_Like_a_Bunch_of_Bigots_While
Accomplishing_Nothing⠀✐
Posted in Free/Libre_Software at 4:01 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz
Video_download_link | md5sum d7639946fdc0c26f6d39e1707da9c94f
Sanctions in Free Software
Creative Commons Attribution-No Derivative Works 4.0
http://techrights.org/videos/freesw-bans.webm
Summary: Ending_the_war should be a priority; boycotting Nginx, boycotting
hardware_support, banning_developers, banning users, and even banning_gamers
isn’t going to accomplish this
THIS SITE is not a political site and we never cover ‘pure’ politics, but this
is about Free software, not general politics.
This is specifically about sites and projects that act like government- or
military-connected entities, resorting to sanctions that are misguided; those
sanctions are punishing the wrong people, sometimes punishing also the victims.
Some have gone as far as collective punishment against all the people of
Belarus (many of whom strongly oppose the regime) and some have suggested
breaking_the_whole_Internet, as Mike Masnick noted yesterday, dubbing it a
“Very, Very Bad Idea”…
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Russians not in LibreOffice, Russians get no GOG, Russian
code rejected, Belarus boycott; Yes, so?⦈ In some cases, the message is more
subtle, e.g. OS News with a Ukrainian flag (shown in the above video). Several
distros of GNU/Linux did the same (in the video I show only one of them, a
Polish one based on Debian, though I saw French examples too).
One French software developer, whose views are similar to mine, said we need to
stop the war. That should be the priority and collective punishment isn’t
likely to convince Vladimir Putin; it might even radicalise him further. This
wartime_propaganda_is_inciting_people_to_act_irrationally, so some have adopted
ill-advised suggestions, wrongly assuming that bans in the Free software world
would somehow change Putin’s mind.
Below we show one of several messages from RMS on this subject, with context
and threaded index here (lots of messages). █
The GNU Project stays neutral on unrelated political issues. It does
not take sides in international disputes, except for disputes about
free software issues.
A free license must offer the four freedoms to all users, and it must
not try to restrict what jobs users can do with the program. See
https://gnu.org/philosophy/programs-must-not-limit-freedom-to-
run.html
for why this must be so.
The FSF must obey US law, including any sanctions on dealings between
US organizations and Russians or Russian companies. I think that is
what
Devin was talking about.
But that won’t affect whether Russians can use free software.
–
Dr Richard Stallman (https://stallman.org)
Chief GNUisance of the GNU Project (https://gnu.org)
Founder, Free Software Foundation (https://fsf.org)
Internet Hall-of-Famer (https://internethalloffame.org)
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⠀⣿⣦⠀⢠⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⠛⠋⠉⠀⠀⠀⣿⣯⠉⣽⣿⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⢿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠋⠁⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣷⡍⠛⣿⠓⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀
⠀⣿⣿⣧⠸⠿⣯⣸⣿⣿⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⠚⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣥⣤⣤⣤⣄⣀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠋⠩⠭⣭⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡄⢠⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀
⠀⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⡃⣶⣦⣶⣶⢰⣶⢤⣾⣵⡆⣾⡇⣶⣴⣴⣶⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣆⠀⠀⢉⣀⠀⣀⡀⣀⣀⣀⢀⣠⣟⡃⠈⡇⠀⢀⣠⣄⣀⠀⣀⣨⣁⡀⠀⣀⣄⡀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀
⠀⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠁⣿⣷⢿⣿⢨⣿⢮⣿⣾⣧⡿⣷⣿⣿⢬⣻⠄⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⡀⠀⠈⣿⣷⣿⠁⣿⡟⠋⣿⣿⡹⠿⠀⠃⠀⢸⣿⡹⠿⢠⣿⡏⣿⣧⠸⠿⢹⣿⡜⣿⣿⣿⣻⠀
⠀⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⣀⡀⣀⣀⣀⡀⢀⣀⡀⣀⡀⠀⣀⡀⣀⣀⢀⣀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣇⠀⠀⢸⣿⡏⠀⣿⡿⠇⣈⣻⣿⣦⠀⡀⠀⢈⣛⢿⣷⢸⣿⡇⣿⣿⢰⣶⣼⣿⠁⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀
⠀⣿⣿⠁⠇⢀⠀⠀⢸⡧⣭⣿⠆⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⡧⡥⣿⣿⣿⢬⡅⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⣿⣷⣶⢻⣿⣼⡿⢰⡏⡳⠸⣿⣼⣿⠋⢿⣧⣿⠏⢸⣿⠠⠂⣸⣿⣿⣟⣛⠀
⠀⠿⠿⠄⠸⠿⠂⠀⠆⠙⠉⠉⠡⠉⠀⠈⠉⠉⠙⠁⠈⠛⠁⠙⠋⠈⠋⠁⠀⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠷⠾⠀⠻⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠒⠂⠀⠾⠐⠴⠾⠼⠵⠯⠤⠤⠴⠶⠶⠶⠤⠤⠤⠤⠰⠾⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣶⢀⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⠀⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣀⢰⣶⣶⣶⠂⠒⡶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡾⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⣾⣏⢄⣷⡦⠀⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡏⣰⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣼⣯⣽⣿⣯⣿⣧⣯⣵⣾⣯⣿⣼⣽⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣥⣤⣤⡶⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⢟⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠛⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣫⣿⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀
⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⡶⠿⣿⣿⣇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣎⣙⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠋⠉⠉⠁⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀
⠀⣷⡄⠀⢀⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⢹⣿⠿⠟⠋⠁⠀⣿⡿⠿⢿⣿⠀⠉⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠷⠆⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⡻⣿⣟⡿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀
⠀⣿⣿⡄⢘⣶⡟⢻⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⢠⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠿⠿⠿⣟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⡋⢀⡾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀
⠀⣿⣿⣿⠈⠉⢻⣾⣿⣿⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⣀⣀⣘⣟⢀⣻⣃⡀⣀⡀⣀⢀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⡄⠀⠁⠓⣀⡀⢀⣀⢀⣀⣀⡀⣀⣛⣃⠸⡇⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⠀⠀⣈⣉⡀⠀⢀⣀⣀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀
⠀⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠉⣿⡏⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⣿⣿⣻⣯⣘⣿⣽⡇⣿⣷⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣷⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣾⡟⢸⣿⠛⢱⣿⡏⠿⠇⡇⠀⠀⣿⣏⠿⠇⣼⣿⢹⣿⡀⡿⡏⣿⣧⢿⣿⣿⢿⠀
⠀⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⠃⠛⠋⠙⠛⠘⠛⠙⠃⠋⠛⠛⠙⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⡇⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⠁⢸⣿⠿⠀⡛⢿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⡙⢿⣷⡄⣿⣿⢸⣿⡇⣶⣦⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⡞⠀
⠀⣿⣿⠟⡆⠀⠀⣾⢻⢶⣿⡆⣿⣷⢸⣟⠀⣿⣷⣿⡃⣿⢸⣟⣼⢻⡞⣿⢻⣟⢸⣿⡎⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣤⡜⣿⣧⣿⡇⣤⢠⠀⣿⣧⣿⡟⢹⣿⣼⣿⠁⣭⡅⠍⢠⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀
⠀⣿⣿⡀⢱⣴⡀⠿⡼⠺⣿⠇⠿⠿⠸⠯⠀⠿⠿⠿⠥⠿⠸⠯⠻⡼⠆⠿⠸⠯⠼⠿⠇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⡄⠀⣤⢆⣩⣷⣦⣫⡦⠀⠀⢉⣥⣀⣀⣈⣉⡀⠀⢀⣤⣶⣾⣿⣷⣶⣶⠀
⠀⠉⠉⠁⢈⣉⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠉⠉⠉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⠀⣉⣉⣁⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣈⣉⣀⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⠉⢉⣉⣉⣉⡉⢉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣠⣴⣶⣶⣤⠀⣠⡌⠉⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣳⣾⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠉⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⡟⢁⣿⣿⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⣿⢿⣽⢿⠭⣠⣿⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣀⡀⣄⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣷⡿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣟⠗⠀⣤⠄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣴⣿⣿⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠊⡻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠟⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡾⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀
⠀⣦⠀⠀⠀⣏⣰⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠇⠀⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⠙⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣤⡄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀
⠀⣿⣧⡀⢰⣍⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣷⠀⣼⣿⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⢻⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠍⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⡦⠙⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀
⠀⣿⣿⣷⠰⠻⣷⣼⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⠿⠈⠿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠉⠁⠒⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡆⢰⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀
⠀⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⡟⠀⢸⣿⡇⣿⡃⣿⢸⣿⣸⣿⡇⣿⣿⢺⣟⠂⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣇⠀⠀⢠⣤⢀⣤⡄⣤⣤⡄⢀⣤⣽⡁⠈⡇⠀⢀⣤⣤⣄⠀⣠⣤⣥⡀⢀⣤⣤⣄⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀
⠀⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠁⠀⠸⠿⠇⠿⠦⠿⠾⠿⠿⠿⠇⠿⠿⠸⠽⠃⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⡄⠀⠈⣿⣾⣿⠀⣿⣏⡁⣿⣯⡻⠿⠀⠃⠀⢾⣿⣹⠿⢸⣿⡏⣿⡇⠾⠿⢸⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⡹⠀
⠀⣿⣿⡧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⢠⢤⣀⡤⣄⣤⣤⣤⢤⢠⣤⡤⣤⡤⣤⡤⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣇⠀⠀⢹⣿⡇⠀⣿⡟⠃⣈⣛⢿⣷⢀⣀⡀⣈⣛⢿⣷⢸⣿⡇⣿⡇⢰⣶⣾⡿⠀⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀
⠀⣿⣿⠁⢇⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣻⣿⣇⣿⢹⡇⣿⣨⢼⣿⡇⢸⠀⣿⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⠇⠀⣿⣷⣶⠻⣿⣾⡿⢰⡎⡛⠸⣿⣼⡿⠘⢿⣧⣿⠇⢰⣶⠐⣀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣯⠀
⠀⠛⠛⠂⠘⠿⠁⠀⠃⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠉⠁⠈⠁⠈⠉⠀⠉⠀⠈⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠛⠟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠀⠻⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠂⠀⠠⠟⠀⠲⠿⠮⠾⠧⠤⠶⠶⠿⠷⠶⠶⠶⠶⠦⠴⠿⠛⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠀
䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 216
╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕
(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2022/03/03/from-ukraine-with-love/#comments
Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/03/03/from-ukraine-with-love/
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Gemini_version_available_♊︎
✐ Message_to_LibrePlanet_(From_Ukraine)_‘Censored’_But_Not_Ignored⠀✐
Posted in FSF, GNU/Linux at 7:20 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Ukraine flag: FSF says 'We respond. But quietly.'⦈
Summary: Free as in free speech; but not for everyone…
In past years we learned that certain Free/Libre software developers had been
banned from GNU and LibrePlanet mailing lists. To make matters worse, bans in
the GNU domain (as a whole) meant that they were unable to reach pertinent
people, including Richard Stallman, who pioneered and championed the movement.
“The response, which was amicable, was sent by the Campaigns Manager of the
Free Software Foundation (FSF).”“Mail sent by a Ukrainian advocate from shelter
to libreplanet-discuss@libreplanet.org,” we’ve learned, “is censored but gets
private response.” The Ukrainian name is redacted for privacy reasons.
The response, which was amicable, was sent by the Campaigns Manager of the Free
Software Foundation (FSF). It it a day old:
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNU on Ukraine⦈ Дата: 2 бер. 2022 р., 23:29
Від: gregf@fsf.org
Кому: [redacted]
Тема: Your question
> Hi, [redacted]:
>
>> Hello there!
>
> First of all, we hope you’re safe.
>
>> My name is , I am the leader of the NGO “Ukrainian
>> Liberation” which aims to share info and promote FOSS here in
>> Ukraine in any possible way. Sorry for some terrible mistakes –
>> there’s a war going on in [redacted] my country, and we haven’t
slept plenty of
>> time, so it’s kinda difficult to stay focused enough to speak good
>> English.
>>
>> I just wanted to ask you, guys, why RMS is not speaking on
>> LibrePlanet this year? It’s the first time in history, if I am not
>> mistaken. So I would like to know, what’s going on.
>
> As the organizers of LibrePlanet I think we can help answer your
> question directly instead of passing it onto the community
> libreplanet-discuss list, which wouldn’t be able to give you any
> information beyond what you already know.
>
> LibrePlanet doesn’t have a standard speaker list, and the selection
> procedure is done anonymously by a committee. We usually offer the
> president of the FSF a slot to speak in every year, but beyond that
we
> do not have any “reserved” slots. We also can’t give out
information
> on who did or didn’t submit for a talk. We apply this policy
uniformly
> across all of our speakers, and can’t make any exceptions in order
to
> preserve speaker privacy.
>
> However, it’s probably worth pointing out that if you look at past
> schedules, you’ll find it is not the first time that RMS didn’t
speak.
> He didn’t speak as recently as 2020, but did talk in 2021. With him
> being a member of our board and the Chief GNUisance, we *can*
inform
> that we work closely with RMS.
>
> Also, thanks for expressing your interest in seeing a talk by him.
> Even though we can’t have the same people speaking every year, we
do
> try to take note of speakers people want to see.
>
> On another note, would you be able to give us more information
about
> the your Ukranian NGO? We’d be interested in hearing more about it,
> especially where it pertains to free software.
>
> Hope this helps, and hope you keep safe.
>
> Best,
> -Greg
>
> –
> Greg Farough // Campaigns Manager
> Free Software Foundation
>
> Join the FSF and help us defend software freedom: https://
my.fsf.org
There’s absolutely nothing wrong with this response, but why remove/block the
message from public viewing? Maybe they try hard to keep politics off these
mailing lists, which is sort of understandable, but the question asked wasn’t a
political one. It’s just_a_suppressed_question. █
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢐⣄⣴⣤⣧⣴⣶⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣭⣧⣧⡀⣠⣴⡠⡠⠀⣶⠢⣌⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣗⣤⣖⡷⣼⣧⣮⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣯⣴⡠⣤⠄⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⣀⠀
⡵⣤⡷⢠⡰⢼⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣷⣿⣿⢻⣿⣫⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣷⣾⣴⣿⢙⠁
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⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡞⢠⡇⢸⣀⠀⢸⢸⠀⣧⡀⢆⡿⢸⠁⠀⢇⡼⢸⠘⡇⢸⣸⠇⡀⠀⣇⡷⠸⣠⠇⢸⡇⠀⠸⡸⠃⢇⡼⢸⡇⣿⡀⢸⠇⢸⡀⢸⡇⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
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⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
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(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2022/03/03/fsf-removes-troublemakers/#comments
Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/03/03/fsf-removes-troublemakers/
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Gemini_version_available_♊︎
✐ OSI_Taken_Over_(Even_More_Than_Before)_by_Microsoft,_Whereas_FSF_Removes
Troublemakers⠀✐
Posted in Free/Libre_Software, FSF, Microsoft, OSI at 11:20 am by Dr. Roy
Schestowitz
Video_download_link | md5sum 81464650c130041e9d942408553f3cee
Promising Changes in FSF
Creative Commons Attribution-No Derivative Works 4.0
http://techrights.org/videos/welcoming-fsf-2022.webm
Summary: The Open_Source_Initiative isn’t what it’s called; it’s becoming more
and more like a front group of proprietary software, offering sinister
technology_giants a bunch of openwashing services; contrary to that, the Free
Software Foundation (FSF) fought to regain its identity and this week we saw
evidence of that
THE video above concerns the appointment of Zoë Kooyman, which we mentioned_two
days_ago. Since doing that video, based on this_announcement, Kooyman herself
wrote this_statement, shown above in the video.
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Microsoft and FSF⦈ Some people have been asking what it
means to the FSF (and to GNU), so I wanted to respond in the form of a video
(“No Derivative” so people cannot distort what I actually said). Kooyman was in
fact selected (promoted) months ago.
It has meanwhile been advertised by the new chief of the OSI that, following
his admission that half_of_the_OSI's_budget_goes_to_Microsoft, there’s now even
more_of_Microsoft inside the management and steering team. “He is Director of
Developer Policy and Counsel for” Microsoft. Now he’s also a Director at the
OSI. To quote: “Joining the board as a Director is Justin Colannino, who was
appointed by the board in January. Justin joins us with a decade of experience
representing clients at the intersection of free and open source software
communities and for-profit enterprises. He is Director of Developer Policy and
Counsel for GitHub where he advocates for developers’ ability to innovate,
collaborate, and have equal opportunity. Justin also serves as Senior Corporate
Counsel, Open Source and Standards for Microsoft where he is part of a small
team that oversees legal processes to enable open source engagement at massive
scale, as well as maintaining an active pro-bono practice for free and open
source software communities.”
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Microsoft and OSI⦈ When it comes to advocacy, the OSI has
been dead for years. No wonder many have left. Drew_DeVault_thinks_he_can
change_OSI_for_the_better, but the OSI is already thoroughly infiltrated and
it’ll resist any meaningful change. The board now has a Director who is clearly
hostile; those are people who are attacking Open Source and Software Freedom
(GitHub is an attack on both; it is also an attack on communities and on Git
itself (EEE)).
The OSI isn’t merely irrelevant. It’s just dead. Or in the words of an
associate, “OSI is more than dead, it is malignant.” Don’t waste even a single
dollar on it. Microsoft already subsidises this front group, just like it does
the Linux_Foundation, which openly attacks Linux and even advocates/promotes
the competition of Linux. Sure, it calls itself the “Linux Foundation”, but
that doesn’t mean it really cares about Linux (look_who_runs_it!) and similarly
the Open Source Initiative is happy to promote Microsoft’s proprietary software
at the expense of Open Source. █
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⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠛⣿⣿⣯⢏⡿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠈⠸⠀⠀⠀⡀⢸⢸⡇⣿⣿⣧⠀⠉⠈⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣭⣭⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⢐⡅⢀⢸⡀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣯⣻⣿⣽⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣯⣧⣿⣆⣿⣿⣿⣏⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⡇⢸⢸⡇⡏⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⢸⡇⠘⢸⡇⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠀⢸⠃⡇⢿⣿⡇⠀⠀⡦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠀⢸⡇⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠠⢸⢸⡇⡆⢸⠀⡇⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣥⣿⣻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠂⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠀⢸⠃⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣛⣻⣿
⠀⠶⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣤⣤⣴⣼⣷⣷⣼⣶⣷⣾⣿⣷⣶⣶⣾⣂⣛⣐⣪⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣦⣀⣀⣀⣀⠤⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿
⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡄⠀⠠⠤⠶⠶⠯⠭⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣿⣿⣯⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⢭⠽⠶⠶⠶⠒⠒⠂⠀⣂⠀⠀⠨⣹⣿
⠀⠀⠀⢳⠤⠤⠤⠀⠒⠠⡶⠶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠻⠿⠛⠛⠛⠻⠟⠛⠿⠛⠛⢻⡟⡿⢻⠟⡟⢻⢻⣛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠏⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠠⠤⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣤⣖⡡⠿⠏
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠑⢄⡀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠹⠿⠿⠿⠟⠋⠀⠒⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⣉⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣦⣤⣶⣾⣷⣶⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⣶⣦⣤⣤⡄⠀⠀⣤⣤⢉⢀⣀⣄⣀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⢤⠤⠤⠤⢤⣴⢿⠀⠀⢠⣤⣶⣶⣷⡶⠸⠿⠇⠀⡆⢰⣆⡆⠀⠀⠀⢿⣷⠾⡻⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠛⠙⠛⠋⠋⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠻⢀⠙⠛⠛⠛⠃⠀⠈⠉⠉⠈⠘⠛⢻⠟⠿
⣤⣤⣒⣾⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⠀⠀⣸⡿⠲⠶⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⢸⣿⠃⣴⣀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠴⠄⠀⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠄⠉⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⣄⣠⣵⣶⣶⣶⣦⣠
⡍⠈⠙⢻⠁⠒⠈⠉⠉⠹⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠐⣾⣿⣿⠒⠙⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⡀⣀⣠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣠⣶⣆⣀⣒⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿
⠁⠀⠀⠘⠀⠰⣤⣤⣤⣤⣦⣤⣴⣂⣤⣶⣦⣴⣶⣶⣒⣀⣤⣤⣴⣤⣤⣦⣤⣴⣆⠐⣲⣦⣴⣶⣶⣾⣿⣷⣶⣶⣷⣾⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣴⣾
⣔⣧⣀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣛⣛⣟⣛⣛⣽⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣯⣿⣿⣿⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣥⣾⣿⣿⣛⣛⣿⠟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢟⣟⣿⣿⣙⣻⣙⣨⣭⣿⣿⣷⣿⣭⣿⣭⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣾⣗⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⡀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣞⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡇⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡆⣶⣶⣾⡀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠻⣿⣿⣯⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣩⣿⠋⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣻⡿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠙⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣿⡫⠽⢺⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠛⠋⠉⠀⠈⠙⠛⢻⣿⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⠛⠋⠁⠰⣿⣿⣿⣿⢷⣤⣴⡆⠈⠙⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣧⣻⢀⣽⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⠀⠀⠐⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣄⣀⣠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣄⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣄⣀⣠⣤⣀⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣀⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣍⣏⠋⣭⣿⢹⣯⣩⠉⢩⣯⣿⣿⣭⣍⠉⠉⣩⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⠴⠇⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠠⣺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢟⣛⣩⣭⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⡏⠉⢿⣿⣿⣿⠟⢳⠀⢉⣀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣛⣫⣭⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⡿⠻⣿⡟⠻⣿⡄⠀⠿⠷⠀⠸⡄⠈⣿⡀⠘⡆⠀⣿⠇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣵⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⣀⣤⣼⣧⠄⢻⠃⠀⢀⣵⠀⢠⣤⡆⠀⢧⠀⠙⠃⠀⢹⣀⣤⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠁⠀⠀⣀⣠⣦⠀⠙⢿⣿⠀⠰⣿⠋⠉⠹⡄⠈⣿⡀⠘⠿⡆⠀⣿⣿⣀⣼⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⢹⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠈⣿⣇⠀⠻⠿⠇⠀⢷⠀⢸⣷⣤⣤⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⣿⣿⣷⣤⣤⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⡉⠛⣻⣿⣧⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⠛⠉⠉⠀⠠⠅⠒⠈⠁⠒⠛⠛⠛⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣌⣉⣹⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣤⠖⠲⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠴⠶⠶⠶⠶⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡟⠈⠙⠀⠁⠀⡀⣟⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠛⠉⠠
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⠿⠏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡍⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢁⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠿⣿⣿⣯⠉⢻⣖⣇⠀⠀⠀⠠⢿⣿⣿⡟⠂⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢲⣿⣿⣿⡀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣠⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠆⠀⢰⠀⠐⠺⠿⠀⠀⠀⠿⠿⠿⠿⠤⠤⠼⠭⠯⠤⠄⠀⠙⠃⠉⠒⠀⠐⠒⠐⠀⠀
⠉⠀⠈⠛⠻⠿⠟⠿⠿⠿⠛⠉⠻⠻⠟⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⠛⠂⠀⠀⠀⠋⠛⠛⠋⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠠⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠠
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 540
╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕
(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2022/03/03/irc-log-020322/#comments
Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/03/03/irc-log-020322/
⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 03.03.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧
Gemini_version_available_♊︎
✐ IRC_Proceedings:_Wednesday,_March_02,_2022⠀✐
Posted in IRC_Logs at 2:23 am by Needs Sunlight
Also available via the Gemini protocol at:
* gemini://gemini.techrights.org/irc-gmi/irc-log-techrights-020322.gmi
* gemini://gemini.techrights.org/irc-gmi/irc-log-020322.gmi
* gemini://gemini.techrights.org/irc-gmi/irc-log-social-020322.gmi
* gemini://gemini.techrights.org/irc-gmi/irc-log-techbytes-020322.gmi
Over HTTP:
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇H 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇HTML5_logs⦈_
#techrights_log_as_HTML5 #boycottnovell_log_as_HTML5
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇H 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇HTML5_logs⦈_
#boycottnovell-social_log_as_HTML5 #techbytes_log_as_HTML5
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇t 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇text_logs⦈_
#techrights_log_as_text #boycottnovell_log_as_text
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇t 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇text_logs⦈_
#boycottnovell-social_log_as_text #techbytes_log_as_text
Enter_the_IRC_channels_now
=> =============================================================================
§ IPFS Mirrors⠀➾
CID Description Object type
IRC log for
QmVFxsvXwDDMDTuzbwHMMGd7ieUaZDhn66kg5VG6VuBPn9 #boycottnovell 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈
(full IRC log
as HTML)
IRC log for
#boycottnovell
QmdzW9YacrdFajTr1PLgqugEe1HARqDMnHXNTJTpLDRPFw (full IRC log 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈
as plain/ASCII
text)
IRC log for
#boycottnovell-
QmTdSfsVaJG4YVPgoCPxzh2ZMtwcJfZZyNnxMKDoxAqJdh social 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈
(full IRC log
as HTML)
IRC log for
#boycottnovell-
QmeabjiPvKcLWmmKzQ5RedcAAeFGtAXQ7siifvwJWXeUWD social 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈
(full IRC log
as plain/ASCII
text)
IRC log for
QmW6wubqFjUCyiTf6WC35ok1awvwixwhZ5uHuqXZfcfhR1 #techbytes 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈
(full IRC log
as HTML)
IRC log for
#techbytes
Qma6oN55b4BvfCb3gQnPTXLRBPEejVcNpRpnfYEd1XwjfE (full IRC log 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈
as plain/ASCII
text)
IRC log for
QmZqMQPfQejSZhB63DtdjRY27GChj3K27pCYkACj47qJBw #techrights 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈
(full IRC log
as HTML)
IRC log for
#techrights
Qme6CHvqNDQ4aowEDDSwBLPwp4XgqXqLE9FoiVSnZaEfGG (full IRC log 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈
as plain/ASCII
text)
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇IPFS logo⦈
§ Bulletin for Yesterday⠀➾
Local_copy | CID (IPFS): QmX39Uj3zNHXvo6UXgn8MUmiP1s2P2jWstyvLEP12ScWQd
䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 667
╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕
(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2022/03/03/news-roundups-daily-links-improved-other-site-related-news-of-interest/#comments
Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/03/03/news-roundups-daily-links-improved-other-site-related-news-of-interest/
⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 03.03.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧
Gemini_version_available_♊︎
✐ News_Roundups_(Daily_Links)_Improved,_Other_Site-Related_News_of_Interest⠀✐
Posted in Free/Libre_Software at 5:30 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz
Video_download_link | md5sum 043f149ba2f7e8e9a64432a9363db84e
News Roundup Tagged
Creative Commons Attribution-No Derivative Works 4.0
http://techrights.org/videos/daily-links-improved.webm
Summary: More time and effort will be spent on News Roundups (Daily Links),
which have been popular since they started around 2008; Gemini links will be
included more and more over time because Geminispace is almost 100% SPAM-free
THE exit from social control media is near, with the doomsday clock set to
Friday around 8PM when JoinDiaspora shuts down. The modality won’t be missed
(it was corrosive_on_the_grand_scheme_of_things, especially in recent years
when experiments became reality) and the time freed up can instead be invested
in better activities.
“We intend to produce more software tools to help improve signal-to-noise ratio
on the Internet…”Yesterday we worked on improving Daily Links, which have been
posted here for about 14 years (everyday routine). The changes can be seen in
Git and the outcome is shown in the video above.
We intend to produce more software tools to help improve_signal-to-noise_ratio
on_the_Internet; this extends to Geminispace, which is shown in the video
above. █
䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 718
╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕
(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2022/03/03/real-presidents/#comments
Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/03/03/real-presidents/
⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 03.03.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧
Gemini_version_available_♊︎
✐ A_Real_President⠀✐
Posted in Europe, Patents at 9:06 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz
Summary: Over the years the criminals (“Presidents”) who had hijacked the EPO
hired from the British and French military (for a patent office!), which might
explain the_military-grade_propaganda
EPO:
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Jean-Baptiste Deprecq⦈
Ukraine:
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽⦇Zelenskiy_in_uniform:_I_fight_an_invasion_While_EPO_invaders
hire_from_the_French_military⦈_
EPO:
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Nadja Merdaci-Lefèvre⦈
Ukraine:
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽⦇Zelenskiy_in_uniform:_Wait,_what?_A_patent_office_hired
thugs_instead_of_actual_scientists?⦈_
⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣻⣿⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⣽⣿⣿⣬⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣯⠙⢳⣿⣿⣿⢷⣼⣶⣿⣿⣝⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⡿⠿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
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⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⠿⠧⠒⢂⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠋⠀⡶⠟⢿⣶⣭⣭⣿⣭⡋⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣾⢭⣦⣓⣶⠾⣷⣳⢿⣟⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣇⡀⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠘⣿⣷⣈⠁⠀⠈⠀⠀⠈⠍⣋⣙⣾⣟⣻⣟⠽⣗⣫⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣫⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠯⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣴⣾⡿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠿⡆⢱⣶⡆⠀⠀⡄⠈⠙⠝⣟⣿⣿⠼⢏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠏⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⣴⣶⠿⠛⠋⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⢠⡀⠀⠀⠰⣾⢿⣽⣿⢿⣿⢷⣿⠷⠬⣿⣿⡏⠉⢉⣹⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
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⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣟⣭⢾⣿⣽⣿⣻⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣯⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣤⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⢿⢿⣧⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣾⡿⢿⣿⣹⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⠢⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣻⣷⣿⣿⣿⢽⣿⣿⢟⠄⢹⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣷⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣷⣿⣿⣿⣭⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣶⡭⣿⢾⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣟⣓⣶⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⡛⠟⢻⡿⡿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿
⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣶⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡯⠑⠂⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣼⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⣿⡿⠛⠿⠟⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣻⣿⣯⣅⣑⣽⣯⣟⣿⣿⣷⣺⣿⣶⣦⣤⣶⣾⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣇⣄⣠⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠏⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠺⡆⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠘⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠠⡦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢉⣥⡄⣀⡀⠞⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⣄⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⣠⡆⠀⠸⢗⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⡟⢁⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣶⣶⣷⣶⣤⣤⣤⡄⣶⡎⡁⢰⣶⣶⢰⣶⠀⣴⣶⣦⡄⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⠀⢀⣶⣶⡆⢰⣶⢰⣶⠀⠀⣶⣦⣴⣶⢱⣾⢶⣶⢰⣿⡆⣶⣶⡆⢠⣶⣶⣦⢰⣶⡆⣴⣶⣶⡄⣶⣮⢹⣶⠁⠸⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠛⠛⠃⣿⡇⢿⢸⣿⣤⢸⣿⢸⣿⣇⣛⡃⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣇⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⢸⣿⣸⣿⢠⣿⢻⣷⠸⣿⣮⣉⢸⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⣿⣾⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⠉⢸⣿⠸⣿⡏⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⠷⣿⣿⣶⣄⣸⣿⣾⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⠘⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣾⣿⢸⣾⢹⣿⢸⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⡟⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠃⠀⠘⠛⠀⠘⠛⠀⠙⠛⠛⠃⠛⠛⠛⠛⠀⠛⠛⠛⠿⠛⠛⠘⠛⠘⠛⠘⠛⠀⠀⠛⠛⠛⣃⣝⠛⠀⠛⠛⠃⠚⢛⠘⣛⣫⣛⢛⣛⡜⠛⠃⠙⠛⠛⣁⠛⠃⠙⣛⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡸⠀
⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢾⣿⣿⣿⣋⢈⣿⣿⣤⣄⡀⣰⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠻⣷⡀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢻⣿⡇⣿⣿⢿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠈⠻⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠇
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠁⠈⠀⠀⠉⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠃⠀⠒⠤⠴⠿⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠲⠿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠶⠾⠀⠀
⣛⠛⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠓⠸⠃⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⠆⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣶⣶⣦⣤⣄⣀⣈⠉⠛⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠵⠶⠖⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠶⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠉⠉⠉⠙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣶⣿⡂⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣠⡤⠉⠀⠐⠠⣶⡶⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣠⣤⣤⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡄⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠛⠓⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⣺⡏⠛⣃⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠁⠀⢘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣤
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⠻⠛⠛⣿⡟⠛⠛⢿⣿⡆⢀⠀⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣠⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣾⣿⣧⡤⠀⡈⠁⠀⠀⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢨⣿⣷⡀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⡟⠉⣻⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠉⢹⣿⣿⣟⠛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⣠⠈⢦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⠿⢛⡁⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⡄⠀⢸⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣯⡭⠯⢭⣝⣿⣿⢿⠂⢰⠿⠓⠀⠄⠀⢢⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣥⣦⣴⣶⣿⠁⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠿⠟⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠰⠀⣠⠄⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⠿⠟⠋⠉⠀⣾⣧⣼⣿⠿⠿⠿⣿⠿⠿⣿
⣦⣀⡀⠀⠀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⠶⠆⠀⠀⢰⡄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠉⠀⠀⠒⠘⠋⠁⠰⠿⠿⣷⣴⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣶⣄⠀⠉⠉⠉⠙⠿⠄⠀⢸⣟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠹⡄⠀⠀⣺⣾⣿⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣷⣾⡿⠃⣀⣠⡄⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣏⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣶
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⡀⠀⠀⢠⣴⣷⡄⠀⠌⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⢠⠀⠘⣥⣴⣾⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠤⢲⣦⣴⣤⣄⡉⠛⢀⣁⣤⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠿⠀⠀⠀⠘⡖⠀⠀⠀⠻⠿⠟⣂⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣟⣛⣛⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠼⠋⠪⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⣘⣟⢛⣟⣩⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣿⣿⡿⠛⣷⣧⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘
⣿⣿⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⣶⣲⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡻⣿⣷⣶⣾⣯⡯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣀⣀⣉⣛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡭⠔⢀⣀⡀⡈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣭⣷⡾⠛⢉⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠉⢠⣾⣿⣿⣇⠏⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⣿⠿⡿⠿⣿⣿⠿⠛⣩⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣀⢀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠟⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠘⢿⡿⠛⠗⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠈⠙⠛⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠁⠙⠛⠀⠀⠙⠉⢀⣠⣄⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⡀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⡧⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣴⣿⡿⢋⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣀⣠⣿⠿⠿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣟⣥⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⡟⣭⡍⣭⡍⣥⡌⣭⣭⣭⢫⣭⢫⣭⢻⣭⣤⡄⣀⢨⣤⣬⣭⣭⣭⣛⣭⣭⣝⣿⢫⣭⢩⣭⢫⣭⣭⡝⣭⡭⣭⣭⡝⢫⣭⣭⡍⣤⣤⡍⣭⣭⣭⣛⣭⣤⣍⢻⢡⣤⢨⣭⢩⣭⢩⣭⣭⡙⣭⣭⡝⣿⣿⠂⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣷⣿⣇⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⣯⡔⣿⢸⣿⣴⣿⣧⣿⢿⣿⢸⣿⢸⢸⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⢻⣷⣿⡇⣿⣿⣧⢸⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⡄⣿⣧⣿⠟⣿⣮⡛⢼⢸⣿⣼⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⣧⡔⣿⣿⣿⡆
⣿⣿⠟⢋⢹⣿⡏⣿⣿⠁⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⣘⣿⣿⣻⣿⢸⣿⣑⣿⡏⣽⣸⣿⣸⣿⣸⢸⣿⢸⣿⢿⣿⢸⣿⣿⢣⣿⢿⣿⢸⣿⣸⣿⣿⣿⣁⣿⡇⣿⡷⣶⣹⣿⠈⢸⣿⢹⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⣏⡑⣿⣿⣿⣇
⡿⠿⠴⢿⣮⣭⠥⢭⣭⡬⢭⣭⢭⣬⣭⣮⣭⣭⣭⣭⣽⣿⣮⣭⣭⣭⣥⣿⣷⣭⠍⠱⣿⣯⣭⣬⣭⣬⠍⠀⠭⢭⣬⡭⢬⣭⡬⢭⠉⠁⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠉⠁⠉⠉⠁⠀⠈⠉⠈⠉⠈⠉⠈⠉⠉⠁⠉⠉⠥⢿⠿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⣿⡿⢾⣿⢿⣦⣰⡿⣿⡆⣿⣿⢸⣿⡇⣇⠿⣿⡿⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⡿⢇⣿⣼⣿⠷⣿⡿⣷⣹⣿⠿⢸⣿⣸⣿⢰⣿⣿⡆⣿⡇⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣴⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⡇⢰⣿⠸⢿⣿⠇⣾⣿⡇⢸⣿⣷⡆⣿⣶⣿⠀⠀
⠀⠀⣿⡷⢸⣿⢾⣏⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⡷⢎⣿⣿⣿⠆⣿⡷⣿⣸⣿⠷⢸⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣙⡃⣿⡿⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⢿⡇⣿⡇⣿⡇⢸⣿⠀⢸⣿⠀⣿⣻⣷⢸⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⠇⠀⠀
⠀⡀⣿⡇⢸⣿⢸⣿⠹⣷⣿⠇⣿⡿⡿⣿⡇⠟⠸⣿⠏⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⣷⡾⠛⢿⡿⠀⣿⡇⣿⢿⣿⣶⢸⣿⢻⣿⠸⣿⣿⠇⣿⡇⣿⡇⠀⢿⡏⣿⢸⡇⣿⡇⣿⣷⡾⣿⠀⢸⡿⢸⣿⢻⣿⢸⣿⢿⡇⠸⣿⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠁⠀⠀⠐⠒⠷⡾⠀⠀⢶⣷⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠶⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣶⣤⣰⣿⡷⠺⢷⠆⠐⠾⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣶⡿⠖⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⠻⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠉⢀⣤⣶⣾⣿⣶⣶⣤⡉⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⣠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⢹⣿⣿⣭⣭⣽⣿⣟⣛⣛⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡃⢸⣿⣿⠋⠉⠁⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⡈⠉⣙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⡿⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠿⠿⠿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠋⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⠛⠛⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⣸⣿⣶⣿⣾⣿⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢤⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀
⠀⠻⠿⠾⠿⢿⣧⠤⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡀⣸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠂⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠀⠀⠀⡄⠀⢸⣆⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⡿⢤⣤⣴⣖⠚⢛⠖⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠴⠿⠿⠗⠀⠒⠒⢻⣿⠟⠀⠀⠛⠛⠛⠉⠉⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣇⠀⠀⠈⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣄⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠿⠏⠀⠀⠻⠇⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠈⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣛⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣼⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣠⣤⣶⡀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⢿⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠀⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢀⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠻⣿⣿⣇⣀⣀⣠⣤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡆
⠀⠀⠀⠻⠻⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⠛⠛⠛⢻⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣇
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠛⠻⠿⠗⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣶⣶⣶⣾⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣈⣽
⠀⠀⠠⠤⠀⣿⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⢿⠿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡿⠋⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀
⠠⠄⠤⠄⠠⣿⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣶⣄⣰⠀⢀⣸⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀
⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢤⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠀⠸⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤
⠾⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣶⣄⣤⡤⠆⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣶⣶⣦⣀⣀⡀⠀⢀⣤⡀⠀⠀⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⠿⠛⠷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⠇⠀⣾⣿⠇⠀⠀⠿⠋⢹⣿⣿⡋⣉⠉⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠀⠀⢹⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣤⣴⣶⣶⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⣠⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⡟⢃⣿⠂⣤⡄⢀⠐
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣯⣉⣈⡉⠛⠷⡦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡠⠤⠤⢀⣀⣀⣴⣶⣶⣦⣤⣤⣀⣀⣰⣿⣋⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣨⣿⠂⠈⠱⢠⣄
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣛⣿⠿⢿⣶⣤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣴⣾⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢀⣤⣿⣿⣿⡟⠿⠿⣶⣿⡏
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠂⠀⠀⣠⣼⣿⣿⣿⣛⠛⠻⠿⠿⢷⣾⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⡿⠿⠙⢿⣿⣥⣾⡿⠿⢿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⡟
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⢠⣤⢠⣤⢠⣤⡄⣤⣤⣤⣬⡝⠋⣡⣤⢩⣭⢺⡿⣤⣤⣦⢠⣤⡄⣤⣤⣤⢠⣤⣴⢤⣤⣬⣥⣍⣉⣉⣉⣩⣍⣩⡁⢩⣭⢉⣤⡄⣠⣤⣤⣶⣦⣄
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣾⡟⣾⣿⣇⣿⡇⢸⣿⠲⠶⡍⣿⣾⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣸⣿⣷⠀⣿⡇⢉⣁⣿⠀⢉⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣔⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡝⣿⣷
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⢻⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⢠⡄⠂⣿⣿⢹⣿⠇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣀⣿⡟⢿⣏⣭⣾⡿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠛⠛⠙⠛⠛⠃⣸⣟⡿⢿⡿⠿⠏
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⡀⡀⠀⠀⠈⢢⡷⣦⣤⣤⣄⢠⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⢈⠵⣦⠀⣀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠬⠙⢻⢦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠋⠁⠈⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠁⠠⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⢐⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⢍⠉⠡⡥⣗⢚⣆⢀⢹⣿⣿⣻⣾⣧⣐⠂⠀⣀⡀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣯⣭⣍⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣩⣥⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠫⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠠⡀⠄⠠⢤⡈⢏⡆⠠⡄⠂⠃⠱⡉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣟⡣⢻⠣⢸⣿⠏⣀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠛⠛⢿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⡄⠀⠄⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠈⢰⣄⡇⠀⠀⠉⠐⠕⠀⠵⠠⠙⡏⢤⢃⣽⡀⠻⣿⣿⠟⣿⡀⠀⠰⣅⣨⣿⠿⡏⢉⣛⠛⣻⣫⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣷⣦⠀⣤⣤⡀⡀⢀⣤⣠
⠁⠀⠰⠀⠀⠀⠀⠨⢂⣀⢛⢠⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢀⠀⠠⡇⢸⠹⠘⡗⡆⢿⣿⡟⠟⣿⣧⡀⠁⠃⠉⠁⠚⠛⠛⠛⠀⠬⠙⠛⠻⠿⢿⣯⣿⣾⣓⣰⣤⣦⣴⢎⣿⣿⣿⠸⠀⠀⠀⡀⢶⣝⠿⠿⠿⣿⠿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠐⠆⠀⠀⠘⠯⣋⠘⡀⣦⡀⢠⡐⢲⣶⢶⢀⣸⠠⠟⠃⡀⢳⡅⣼⣿⡷⠿⣿⣿⡇⠖⠒⣦⠀⢀⣀⠒⢶⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠐⠈⠉⠉⠀⠘⣿⣝⡋⡰⠀⠀⠀⣷⣤⢻⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢉⡟
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢁⢄⠀⠀⣀⠄⢧⠀⢣⠠⠘⠈⠁⠉⠂⣯⢨⣶⡆⠻⢿⣿⣼⣿⣏⠇⠦⠽⢷⣄⠀⣠⡀⢸⣾⣤⣾⣿⣤⣴⣦⣤⣀⣠⡄⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣌⠉⠓⠆⡀⠀⢰⣿⣿⠄⠹⠿⢿⣦⠀⠛⠃⠀⠈⠱
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠤⠠⠀⠀⠠⠁⠀⢀⠈⠀⠠⢴⣯⣿⡀⠁⣧⠀⠸⡇⡽⣿⣯⣅⣠⣈⣿⠏⠈⠛⣇⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⠤⣦⣶⡤⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣦⠀⢷⣦⠶⠨⠗⢚⣶⣶⣦⣈⠀⠀⢤⠊⢀⡀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⢋⠀⠀⣯⠁⠉⣏⠀⠈⠛⠇⠀⠈⠟⢿⠘⣿⣿⣟⣋⣩⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⣸⣿⠙⠡⠀⠀⠆⡀⢨⣿⠿⣇⠈⢿⣇⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠄⠊⠀⡨⠅
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠴⣦⣌⢇⠀⣢⡀⢦⣦⠀⠞⠀⠀⡗⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠷⠀⠀⢻⣿⣻⠟⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⠇⢠⠿⣃⠞⠀⣠⣶⣾⡿⠟⠁⠁⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⢀⠰⠒⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠈⠁⠸⠙⠃⠀⠀⠊⣶⠷⢴⣶⢵⡖⠠⣦⡄⣀⠀⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣭⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⢀⢀⣪⣵⣾⣷⠟⠵⢿⠧⠀⣤⡾⠁⢀⡾⠱⡿⢿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⡿⢿⠄⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠅⠂⠀⠀⠛⠉⠁⠈⠁⠈⢀⡼⡡⢫⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡄⠀⠈⠻⠿⠿⠛⠋⠀⠊⠉⠉⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠊⠉⠁⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠽⠛⠁⢠⣤⣾⣭⡿⣾⡄⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠡⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠌⠠⠀⠀⠠⡄⠄⠀⠴⠟⠉⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠘⣻⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢴⣿⡇⠀⣠⣶⣾⣿⣶⠦⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣞⢛⡉⠉⠉⠃⠀⡀⠋⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢰⠶⠅⠀⠀⣚⣵⣶⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠿⠻⣿⠈⠛⠋⠉⠐⢈⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⡷⠋⠁⡘⡛⠖⡤⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣀⡐⠂⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⢠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣀⠈⣥⣰⢃⡄⢸⣿⣿⠦⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠂⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠧⣥⡈⠁⢮⠉⢈⢿⣿⣱⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣶⡀⠀⣶⣶⡆⣶⣶⡰⢶⣶⢶⣶⠆⣶⣴⣶⢶⣶⠶⠀⣴⣶⣆⣶⡶⢶⣶⠾⣿⢫⣷⣾⡝⣿⢿⣿⣿⡇⣶⢱⣶⣶⣶⣯⢱⣶⠆⣶⢶⡏⠏⢶⣶⠶⣶⢰⡖⣶⣶⣶⣰⡶⣦⢰⡶⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣻⡇⠀⣿⡿⠇⣿⣻⡇⢸⣿⢸⣿⠆⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⢸⣿⡆⣿⢸⣿⣛⡇⣿⢾⣿⣿⡿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⠆⣿⢸⣧⠀⢸⣿⠀⣿⢿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⣿⢘⡻⣶⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠿⠹⠧⠀⠿⠃⠸⠿⠹⠧⠸⠟⠸⠿⠷⠿⠸⠿⠸⠿⠀⠀⠻⠿⠋⠿⠇⣸⣿⡅⣿⢘⣿⢿⣣⣿⣾⠉⠻⢇⣿⠸⠿⠿⠟⠿⠸⠿⠇⠿⠾⠃⠀⠸⠿⠀⠿⠸⠗⠻⠿⠟⠙⠷⠿⡘⠷⠿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⢰⣶⢰⣆⣶⢠⡶⣦⢰⣶⣶⣴⣶⡆⣶⣶⢰⣶⣶⡄⠀⣴⣶⣄⣶⣶⠆⠀⣶⣶⢠⣾⣿⣽⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⢢⣾⢹⠀⣴⢶⡄⣴⣶⣦⣴⡆⣶⣶⢰⣆⣶⢰⣶⣶⢴⡆⣴⢶⡄⣶⣶⣦⣶⣶⣄⣴⢶⡄⠀
⠀⢸⣿⢸⣿⣿⢘⣿⣯⡀⣿⡇⣿⡷⢶⣿⣿⣼⣿⢸⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠆⢸⣿⣿⢸⣿⣛⡃⢸⡇⢸⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣼⣿⠈⠀⣻⣿⡅⣿⣟⣛⣿⡇⣿⡷⢸⣿⣿⠀⣿⡇⢸⡇⣻⣿⡅⢸⣿⢈⣻⣾⡄⣭⣼⡇⠀
⠀⠸⠿⠸⠏⠿⠘⠷⠿⠃⠿⠇⠿⠷⠾⠿⠿⠿⠿⠾⠇⠀⠻⠿⠟⠿⠇⠀⠸⠟⠿⠟⠿⠿⢳⠸⠇⡙⠿⠿⣻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠶⠀⠿⠾⠏⠻⠿⠟⠿⠇⠿⠷⠸⠏⠿⠀⠿⠇⠸⠇⠻⠾⠏⠸⠿⠘⠿⠿⠃⠿⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠘⡈⠆⣬⣿⣉⠙⣮⢤⢄⠝⢊⣡⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 890
╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕
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Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/03/03/state-of-proprietary-software/
⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 03.03.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧
Gemini_version_available_♊︎
✐ Red_Hat’s_“State_of_Enterprise_Open_Source”_Report_Made_on_an_Apple_Mac_Using
Proprietary_Software⠀✐
Posted in Deception, Free/Libre_Software, IBM, Red_Hat at 6:01 pm by Dr. Roy
Schestowitz
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇The State of Enterprise Open Source⦈
Summary: “The_State_of_Enterprise_Open_Source” (Red Hat report) is made on a
Mac with proprietary software; the so-called ‘Linux’_Foundation can relate, as
it_always_does_the_same_thing_despite_repeated_backlash
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠋⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠉⢿⣿⣿⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠟⣿⢻⡿⢿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣴⣶⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢻⣿⢈⡁⠄⠀⢈⠠⠀⣿⢈⡅⠐⠀⢰⠀⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣄⣀⣀⣀⣼⣿⣾⣷⣾⣶⣿⣷⣷⣿⣾⣿⣾⣶⣾⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
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⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
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⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⡉⠉⡉⠉⠉⠉⡉⠉⠉⠉⡉⢹⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠋⠈⠃⠈⠁⠃⠁⠙⠀⠘⠐⠀⠀⠐⠙⠚⠛⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠋⠈⠋⠀⠉⠀⠋⠀⠁⠀⠋⢸⣿⣿⣿
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⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣼⣿⣿⣯⣭⣿⣿⣿⣏⣜⣯⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣮⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣯⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣽⣿⣽⣿⣧⣿⣯⣿⣯⣯⣽⣿⣷⣿⣥⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣛⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣟⣹⣟⣛⣿⣿⣻⣙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠈
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶
⠛⠁⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣛⣻⣿⣟⣿⣿⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣽⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⠉⠉⠉⠉⠛⠉⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡃⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠙⠿⠟⠛⠻⠿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣾⣾⣿⣾⣿⣿⣾⣿⣷⣽⣿⣿⣾⣶⣾⣿⣾⣽⣿⣿⣿⣯⡁⢀⣀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣄⣀⣛⣽⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣽⣽⣽⣿⣿⣽⣿⣯⣻⣿⣻⣽⣍⣿⣿⣽⣻⣻⣟⣯⢸⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⠿⠿⢿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⠟⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⣿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣷⣷⣾⣶⣷⣾⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣬⣿⣿⣯⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡿⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⢟⣿⣛⣿⣿⣻⣿⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⢀⣤⡖⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⠛⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣀⠘⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣧⣀⣸⣚⣄⣀⣄⣨⣗⣀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣤⣤⣼⠿⠿⢿⠏⠿⡿⠿⢿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⡿⠿⡧⡿⠿⠿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣶⣾⣿⢸⣿⢸⡇⣿⡁⣉⣁⡇⢸⡇⢸⣿⠈⡇⣿⡇⣧⣍⡛⡇⣈⣁⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣾⣾⣿⣾⣷⣶⣷⣶⣶⣷⣾⣇⢰⣶⣾⣷⣿⣷⣷⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⣾⣿⣦⢹⢙⣉⡛⡿⢋⣙⢻⠙⣉⠻⣿⣇⡘⠿⢶⡟⣋⣙⢻⢹⣿⠙⡏⣋⠟⣉⣙⡟⣉⡙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠛⠿⢋⣼⠘⠿⢃⣧⡐⠶⣾⢀⣿⠀⣿⣟⠻⠿⢂⣇⠻⠟⣸⡘⠿⠀⡇⣿⣄⠻⢟⣄⠲⠖⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣹⢉⠙⠛⢿⢙⠹⢛⢏⣽⡉⠛⠻⠛⠛⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿
䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 976
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Gemini_version_available_♊︎
✐ Links_3/3/2022:_KDE_Gear_21.12.3⠀✐
Posted in News_Roundup at 8:34 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈
§ Contents⠀➾
* GNU/Linux
o Distributions
o Devices/Embedded
* Free_Software/Open_Source
* Leftovers
* § GNU/Linux⠀➾
o § Audiocasts/Shows⠀➾
# ⚓ Bad_Volume_3×42:_That_High_Level_of_Unlikeliness⠀⇛
Bonus 1: Canonical will not be acquired
# ⚓ BSD_Now_444:_Historic_Developments⠀⇛
The History of Berkeley DB, modern inetd in
FreeBSD, the Unix argv[0] issue, retrocomputing can
be more than games, read section 8 of the Unix
users manual, and more.
o § Benchmarks⠀➾
# ⚓ AnandTech ☛ SPEC_Adds_Linux_Edition_of_SPECviewperf_2020
v3.0_Benchmark⠀⇛
The SPEC Graphics Performance Characterization
(SPECgpc) group updated the Windows version of the
workstation GPU benchmark suite – SPECviewperf 2020
– twice last year. The intent of the benchmark is
to replay GPU workload traces from real-world
professional applications (Maya for media and
entertainment, Catia, Creo, NX, and Solidworks for
CAD/CAM, OpendTect for the energy industry, and the
Tuvok visualization library for rendering medical
images). Version 3.0, released in December 2021,
updated the Solidworks viewset to better reflect
the OpenGL API calls in the latest version of the
software. Version 2.0 had enabled selective
downloading of the viewsets. While the Windows
version of the benchmark had been through three
versions, the Linux community was left out, having
to rely on the SPECviewperf 13 released almost a
decade ago. That is changing today with the
availability of the Linux edition of SPECviewperf
2020 v3.0. The benchmark updates the viewsets with
traces from the latest versions of the relevant
applications and also updates the models to match
the Windows version. Since the benchmarks wrapper
framework (even for the Windows version) is based
on Node-Webkit (now NW.js), the creation of a Linux
edition had to mainly deal with the actual viewset
processing. Automation and results processing are
identical between the Windows and Linux versions.
# ⚓ Globe Newswire ☛ Standard_Performance_Evaluation
Corporation_Releases_Linux_Edition_of_SPECviewperf_2020_v3.0
Benchmark,_Worldwide_Standard_for_Measuring_Graphics
Performance⠀⇛
The Standard Performance Evaluation Corporation’s
(SPEC) Graphics Performance Characterization
(SPECgpc) today released a Linux Edition of its
SPECviewperf 2020 v3.0 performance benchmark, the
worldwide standard for measuring graphics
performance based on professional applications.
o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾
# ⚓ How_To_Install_Zoom_Client_on_Manjaro_21_–_idroot⠀⇛
In this tutorial, we will show you how to install
Zoom Client on Manjaro 21. For those of you who
didn’t know, Zoom is a software solution that
provides video and online chat services through a
cloud-based peer-to-peer software platform. The
Zoom software application lets you organize
meetings, host webinars, and open conference rooms
for meetings online. This article assumes you have
at least basic knowledge of Linux, know how to use
the shell, and most importantly, you host your site
on your own VPS. The installation is quite simple
and assumes you are running in the root account, if
not you may need to add ‘sudo‘ to the commands to
get root privileges. I will show you through the
step-by-step installation of the Zoom Client on a
Manjaro 21 (Pahvo).
# ⚓ How_to_Install_PowerShell_on_Fedora [Ed: Bad advice;
suggests giving Microsoft root access (total control) over
your GNU/Linux box.]⠀⇛
# ⚓ How_to_build_redundancy_into_your_network_(and_what_to
avoid)_|_Enable_Sysadmin⠀⇛
Redundancy with automated failover is good. But
making the wrong decisions can make a high-
availability solution worse than no redundancy at
all.
# ⚓ How_to_Install_Notepad++_on_Ubuntu_22.04_LTS_–
LinuxCapable⠀⇛
Notepad++ is a free and powerful tool that you can
use to edit both texts and source code. The famous
editor is initially designed for Windows PCs and
written in C language with pure Win32 API that
ensures higher execution speed. This makes it
possible to optimize routines without sacrificing
user-friendliness, which reduces carbon emissions
from your computer when using less power
consumption resulting in a greener environment. In
the following tutorial, you will learn how to
install Notepad++ on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Jammy
Jellyfish using Snap (Snapcraft.io) as a means to
install Wine to emulate Windows and Notepad++.
# ⚓ How_to_Install_NotepadQQ_on_Ubuntu_22.04_LTS_–
LinuxCapable⠀⇛
Notepadqq is a free and open-source text editor
program for Linux. It’s an alternative to
Notepad++, which many programmers and even general
desktop power users often use as their notepad of
choice due to its ease and minimalism it offers,
while others prefer its more robust features, such
as multiline editing or variables scope
overloading. In the following tutorial, you will
learn how to install NotepadQQ on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS
Jammy Jellyfish using two different methods with
APT and Flatpak as an alternative installation
method of installing Notepad++ using the snap
package manager and wine.
# ⚓ How_to_install_Caddy_web_server_on_Rocky_Linux_8_/_Alma
Linux_8_–_The_very_secure_web_server⠀⇛
Although the web server market is largely dominated
by Nginx and Apache HTTPD, there are other
alternatives. That is why today, you will learn how
to install Caddy web server on Rocky Linux / Alma
Linux 8 / CentOS 8.
# ⚓ How_to_Run_Sudo_Commands_Without_a_Password⠀⇛
While working with Linux, we find that access to
some files or performing sensitive operations
requires users to have elevated privileges. The
sudo command temporarily elevates user privileges
allowing a user to execute sensitive commands or
access files without restrictions.
# ⚓ Setup_SFTP_and_Prevent_SSH_on_Ubuntu_20.04_–_Cloudbooklet⠀⇛
Setup SFTP and Prevent SSH on Ubuntu 20.04. SFTP
(Secure File transfer Protocol), a secure way to
transfer files to servers using encrypted SSH
connections. All servers with SSH will have SFTP
enabled by default. In this guide you are going to
learn how to limit SFTP access to a directory for a
particular user and prevent SSH access. This setup
is tested on a virtual machine running Ubuntu 20.04
OS. So this tutorial should work on any severs with
Ubuntu.
# ⚓ REST_API_error_modeling_with_Quarkus_2.0_|_Red_Hat
Developer⠀⇛
In the previous installment of the Quarkus from the
ground up series, you saw the beginnings of a fully
functional, OpenAPI-compliant REST API built using
Quarkus. That article covered all of the
architectural layers, from managing database
schemas with Flyway to building the API itself with
RESTEasy Reactive. You saw happy-path use cases,
but didn’t get into the concepts around error
handling. In this article, you’ll dive into error
handling, build a solid error response model, and
see how you can help API consumers reduce toil in
their work.
o § Wine or Emulation⠀➾
# ⚓ What’s_new_in_vkd3d_1.3⠀⇛
# ⚓ GamingOnLinux ☛ vkd3d_version_1.3_released_from_the_Wine
team_|_GamingOnLinux⠀⇛
Not to be confused with VKD3D-Proton that the Valve
team work on, the original vkd3d from the Wine team
continues to be updated and a new release is out
now. For anyone confused, both of them translate
Direct3D 12 to Vulkan. For one thing, Valve is
naturally focused only on gaming, which can often
come with the drawback of needing the most up to
date drivers and not supporting older systems,
whereas the Wine team have to support pretty much
any software that could run on Windows.
o § Games⠀➾
# ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Mortal_Kombat_ROM_Hack_Kontinues_Arcade_Legacy_|
Hackaday⠀⇛
September 13th 1993, colloquially known as Mortal
Monday, became as dividing line in the battle for
16-bit supremacy. The mega popular arcade game
Mortal Kombat was ported to Super Nintendo and Sega
Genesis consoles, and every fanboy and fangirl had
an opinion on which version truly brought the hits.
The Super Nintendo version opted to remove the
blood and gore in an attempt to preserve the
company’s family-friendly image. While the Sega
Genesis merely locked the game’s more violent
content behind a cheat code that so many fans
learned by heart, ABACABB. Nintendo’s decision to
censor Mortal Kombat on their console pushed public
opinion in favor of the Sega Genesis version being
superior, though it was clear that corners were cut
in order to squeeze it onto a cartridge. Recently a
group of developers led by [Paulo] sought to
restore the Genesis version to its full potential
with a ROM hack they’re calling Mortal Kombat
Arcade Edition.
# ⚓ GamingOnLinux ☛ John_Romero_releases_new_DOOM_II_level_to
raise_funds_to_support_Ukraine_|_GamingOnLinux⠀⇛
Want to support the people of Ukraine and get a
little something in return perhaps? There’s a huge
amount of developers throwing their support in and
even John Romero has appeared with a new DOOM II
level. Named “One Humanity”, it’s available for a
donation of €5.00 and it’s to “support the people
of Ukraine and the humanitarian efforts of the Red
Cross and the UN Central Emergency Response Fund”
with 100% of the proceeds going towards the
support.
# ⚓ GamingOnLinux ☛ Popular_vehicle_building_sandbox
‘SimplePlanes’_updates_for_Steam_Deck_|_GamingOnLinux⠀⇛
Even more developers get their games ready to be
played on the Steam Deck! SimplePlanes looks like a
lot of fun and it’s quite a popular one too. Not
quite as simple as the name suggests though, with
tons of parts to snap together and plenty of
physics fun going on. It’s also not just about
aircraft, as you can build all sorts of things to
mess around with.
# ⚓ GamingOnLinux ☛ Toy_train_set_sandbox_‘Tracks’_gets
upgraded_for_Steam_Deck_|_GamingOnLinux⠀⇛
Love trains? Tracks looks like quite a sweet little
game really and it has a new release out to help
with Steam Deck compatibility. Tracks hasn’t yet
been through any verification though, keep that in
mind.
# ⚓ Ubuntu Pit ☛ 10_Best_Games_for_Steam_Deck:_What’s_Your
Favorite_One?⠀⇛
In the field of the gaming sector, Steam Deck is
the hotcake of this month. This new gaming console
is not like the previous console projects, and
Valve brought it to an entirely new level of
gaming. We all know that Steam is dominating the
World gaming section for the last two decades. And
now, Steam deck appears to bring all the steam
games just within your two palms. The world’s best
games are already available for Steam Deck. So, it
is the best news for Linux users in 2022. The steam
deck was launched on 25 February 2022, and our team
already got our desired gaming console. We had a
list of a considerable number of games to try and
check their performance on Steam Deck. And now, we
are here to share the best games for the Steam deck
we got from the long research.
o § Desktop Environments/WMs⠀➾
# § K Desktop Environment/KDE SC/Qt⠀➾
# ⚓ KDE_Gear_21.12.3⠀⇛
Over 120 individual programs plus dozens of
programmer libraries and feature plugins are
released simultaneously as part of KDE Gear.
Today they all get new bugfix source releases
with updated translations, including…
# ⚓ 9to5Linux ☛ KDE_Gear_21.12.3_Released_as_the_Last_in
the_Series_with_More_Fixes_for_Dolphin_and_Ark⠀⇛
KDE Gear 21.12.3 is here with a bunch of bug
fixes for various KDE apps, such as the
Dolphin file manager, which no longer crashes
when canceling an archiving job initiated
from one of the available “Compress” right-
click context menu items. Moreover, Dolphin
now opens files in the right app when
browsing an FTP server instead of opening
them in the web browser by default. The Ark
archive manager received various updates in
this release to allow extracting of zip
archives with empty folders without causing
those folders to have their “last accessed”
dates set in the future, as well as to
successfully create multivolume 7zip archives
consisting of individual parts of under 1MB
in size each.
o § Distributions⠀➾
# § SUSE/OpenSUSE⠀➾
# ⚓ Contributing_to_SLE/openSUSE⠀⇛
The motivation of this post is to demonstrate
how easy and logical is the workflow of an
upstream change in a project to a given SUSE
Linux codestream. I try to write this post in
a codestream agnostic way. As I have
experienced the workflow from the package
maintainer point of view is the same for
SUSE:SLE-15:Update and for openSUSE:Factory.
# § IBM/Red Hat/Fedora⠀➾
# ⚓ 9_resources_to_help_you_contribute_to_open_source_in
2022_|_Opensource.com⠀⇛
In 2022, open source is becoming more and
more of a household name. But for many years,
open source was known as the scrappy underdog
of the enterprise IT landscape. Open source
has been around for decades in some form or
fashion, but it wasn’t even until the late
1990s that it was formalized with its name.
You may have been using open source
technology this whole time but didn’t know
it. In fact, the website you are currently
reading is run on the open source content
management system, Drupal. Your car, laptop,
smartwatch, and video games are likely
supported by Linux, an open source operating
system. Red Hat’s annual State of Enterprise
Open Source was recently released containing
a whole lot of insights helpful for anyone
growing a career in open source technology.
For starters, 77% of IT leaders have a more
positive perception of enterprise open source
than they did a year ago and 82% of IT
leaders are more likely to select a vendor
who contributes to the open source community.
This means that participating in open source
is more important than ever before. Now is
the time to advance your open source journey,
no matter where you are. Here are a few
resources to help you along the way.
# ⚓ Enterprisers Project ☛ Enterprise_open_source:_4
priorities_for_CIOs⠀⇛
2022 marks the fourth year Red Hat has
sponsored its annual The State of Enterprise
Open Source report. With almost 1300
worldwide IT leaders surveyed, this annual
survey provides a window into trends and
selectively explores new topics of interest.
Let’s take a look at some stats from each
category. One key trend is the growth of
enterprise open source software at the
expense of proprietary software. This year,
respondents said they expect proprietary
software to drop from 45 percent of their
organizations’ software to 37 percent in two
years, while enterprise open source grows 5
percent to 34 percent – almost overtaking it.
(Community-based open source software is
expected to chip away at the proprietary
share of the mix as well, albeit at a slower
rate.)
# ⚓ Enterprisers Project ☛ IT_leadership:_3_new_rules_for
hybrid_work⠀⇛
The pandemic will be the zeitgeist for the
21st century. It has shaped how we live, how
our children are educated, and of course, how
we work. It has also exposed what employees
crave most. These wants and needs happen to
be one of the driving factors for why
employees leave their organizations,
especially in today’s new hybrid workplace. A
December 2020 SHRM article found that nearly
70 percent of remote workers say they work on
the weekends, with 45 percent noting they
work more hours weekly than they did prior to
going remote. In the hybrid work environment,
we are spending extraordinary amounts of time
on the job. It can lead to feeling even more
burned out and isolated than ever. Couple
those feelings with our intrinsic need for
connection, belonging, and relationships, and
it’s easy to understand why employees leave
organizations where they feel disconnected
and unappreciated. The hybrid workforce
demands a different organization-employee
dynamic. Given how siloed we are, these
desires for connection, belonging, and
relationships are more important than ever.
Employees want to feel valued, appreciated,
and cared for by their managers and
organizations. Today’s employees also want to
trust their organizations and managers as
well as feel trusted by them.
# ⚓ Fedora_Community_Blog:_Community_Blog_monthly
summary:_February_2022⠀⇛
This is the latest in our monthly series
summarizing the past month on the Community
Blog.
# § Canonical/Ubuntu Family⠀➾
# ⚓ Ubuntu ☛ OpenStack_is_dead?_The_numbers_speak_for
themselves._|_Ubuntu⠀⇛
OpenStack is dead! A masked man in a black
cloak with “public clouds”, “containers” and
”serverless” inscriptions shot OpenStack
straight in the heart. OpenStack fell to the
ground and with the last moment of strength
exclaimed: “Long live open infrastructure”!
That could be a headline of a tabloid, would
you agree? OpenStack is dead. We’ve all heard
about that. It’s gone. It’s abandoned. It’s
been dominated by public clouds. The world
does no longer need OpenStack. The word only
needs containers, serverless or the next
cutting-edge technology (whatever it’s going
to be). The world doesn’t like OpenStack
anymore. OpenStack is an obsolete technology.
It is antiquated, passe and definitely no
longer sexy. What is the problem then? Well,
the problem is that none of these things is
real.
# ⚓ New Electronics ☛ Advantech_and_Canonical_collaborate
on_Ubuntu_pre-loaded_embedded_solutions⠀⇛
By certifying Advantech products, Canonical,
the publisher of Ubuntu, guarantees up to 10
years of Linux security and update
capabilities for users in the AI robotics,
industrial manufacturing, and mission-
critical application sectors. The two
companies have collaborated on the provision
of Ubuntu certifications for deployment-ready
IoT devices, so that users can save time when
configuring/installing the OS on the
hardware. Canonical performs tests that
confirm industrial-grade standards for the
Ubuntu running on the system. These tests
also ensure that individual hardware I/
O function normally. Once completed,
Advantech will issue a comprehensive test
report that reduces the hardware and OS
validation procedure from ten days to one.
Additionally, pre-installed services can save
over 30 minutes in lead-time per device. In
order to prevent security breaches and
maintain system functionality, AIoT
developers are required to keep their devices
up to date with the latest software. To
address this, Canonical and Advantech have
certified Ubuntu Core, a transactional
version of Ubuntu designed for IoT devices
and embedded systems that provides secure
boot, full disk encryption, secure device
recovery, and over-the-air, transactional
software updates through a cloud-based CI/CD
(Continuous Integration, Continuous
Deployment) service that helps to lower
upgrade risks and reduces the need for on-
site repair.
o § Devices/Embedded⠀➾
# § Open Hardware/Modding⠀➾
# ⚓ CNX Software ☛ UCIe_(Universal_Chiplet_Interconnect
Express)_open_standard_for_Chiplets_with_heterogeneous
chips_–_CNX_Software⠀⇛
We first heard about Chiplet, chips that
gather IP or chips from different vendors
into a single chip, in 2020 with the now-
defunct zGlue’s Open Chiplet Initiative, but
the term recently came back to the forefront
last month with Intel’s investment into the
“Open Chiplet Platform” that aims to offer a
modular approach to chip design through
chiplets with each block/chiplet customized
for a particular function. It turns out
there’s now an official standard called the
Universal Chiplet Interconnect Express (UCIe)
whose specification defines the interconnect
between chiplets within a package, and not
only backed by Intel, but also AMD, Arm, ASE,
Google Cloud, Meta, Microsoft, Qualcomm,
Samsung, and TSMC.
# ⚓ CNX Software ☛ Ultra-low_power_printed_flexible_E-
paper_displays_work_with_Arduino_–_CNX_Software⠀⇛
Ynvisible Interactive will soon release
upgrades to their printed flexible E-paper
displays that consume 50% less energy per
switch and can last 10 longer when switched
on and off, with the company claiming to
offer the lowest energy-consuming displays in
the e-paper industry. Those displays are
mostly used in specific industries such as
digital signage, smart monitoring labels,
authenticity & security, and retail. While we
have very little information about the new
upgrades, I’ve noticed the company is
offering a development kit with several
“ultra-low-power, thin and flexible Segment
E-Paper Displays”, so let’s have a look.
# § Mobile Systems/Mobile Applications⠀➾
# ⚓ Android Authority ☛ What_happened_to_the_Android_One
program?_–_Android_Authority⠀⇛
# ⚓ Lenovo_Tab_M10_Plus_(3rd_Gen)_Android_tablet_is_great
for_binge-watching_shows_&_studying_»_Gadget_Flow⠀⇛
# ⚓ Express ☛ Android_warning:_Popular_Play_Store_app_is
trying_to_steal_your_money_|_Express.co.uk⠀⇛
# ⚓ 5_Android_Apps_You_Should_Avoid⠀⇛
# ⚓ Moto_G200_5G_review:_A_powerful_Android_phone_for
under_£400_|_Radio_Times⠀⇛
# ⚓ The National AE ☛ MWC_2022:_Huawei_uncertain_about
its_switch_back_to_Android_as_it_pursues_global
expansion⠀⇛
# ⚓ The Verge ☛ Is_Samsung_the_latest_Android_device
maker_throttling_apps?_–_The_Verge⠀⇛
# ⚓ How_to_stop_Twitter_using_your_location_data_on
Android_|_Trusted_Reviews⠀⇛
# ⚓ Great_Tips_for_Android_App_Development_Success_–
Phandroid⠀⇛
o § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾
# ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Concern_over_growing_reach_of_proprietary
firmware_BLOBs_•_The_Register⠀⇛
Vendors of the FOSS hardware and software
communities are voicing their concerns about
closed-source firmware. Virtually impenetrable
BLOBs (Binary Large Objects) in firmware mean it’s
difficult to be sure exactly what the computer is
doing. Assuming the BLOBs are unencrypted, and they
usually are, you’ll have to break out a
disassembler to figure out what the code does,
which requires skills and knowledge, and is tedious
– especially if the binary is obfuscated. Hardware
vendors provide software, too. You can’t boot a
computer without multiple pieces of code in various
flash ROMs – to initialize the processor, the disk
drives, and the chips that connect them. As
computers get more complex, so does their firmware.
More layers of code not only means more potential
vulnerabilities, it means they can be hidden from
the running OS. This requires blind trust, which is
a strong motivator for keeping the source code of
such code open. For the very privacy-conscious,
there are x86 laptops such as Purism’s Librem
machines which use the coreboot open-source
firmware, which is also used in Chromebooks. It’s
not only for consumer kit. So does the LinuxBoot
firmware for servers, which is backed by Google and
Facebook via the Open Compute Project. Despite some
controversy, it’s working on version 2 of its spec.
Both coreboot and LinuxBoot use Intel’s FSP
(Firmware Support Package) to initialize the
hardware.
# ⚓ Its FOSS ☛ Rocket.Chat_and_Nextcloud_Team_up_to_Offer_a
Powerful_Open-Source_Alternative_to_Office_365,_Slack,_and
Others_–_It’s_FOSS_News⠀⇛
Rocket.Chat is one of the best open-source slack
alternatives and Nextcloud is an all-in-one
collaboration platform. And, they are pretty
impressive. This is why we use Rocket.Chat for our
internal communication and Nextcloud to manage
tasks/documents. Both of them are incredibly useful
for what they are capable of. And, now, it looks
like Rocket.Chat and Nextcloud are taking things up
a notch by developing a native API integration.
# ⚓ Get_started_with_Carbonio,_an_open_source_collaboration
platform⠀⇛
In recent years, interest in using open source
collaboration platforms to enhance business
productivity increased. Proprietary software has
managed to overwhelm customers with a maze of
licensing requirements and pay-to-play features
that many companies don’t want to manage. On the
other hand, open source offers alternatives that
give companies the liberty of choice and allow new
businesses to enter existing markets easier with
more control over upfront costs. There are many
choices in open source when selecting collaborative
suites. My favorite is the AGPL-licensed Community
Edition of Carbonio by Zextras (you may know
Zextras from their complementary components for
Zimbra Open Source).
# § Programming/Development⠀➾
# ⚓ Qt ☛ Squish_7.0_Available_Now⠀⇛
We are excited to release a new major version
of the Squish GUI Tester, the software
quality assurance tool chosen by thousands
worldwide for cross-platform GUI application
test automation.
# § Perl/Raku⠀➾
# ⚓ Self-referring_labels_|_Playing_Perl_6␛b6xA
Raku⠀⇛
Lizmat kindly allowed Label to expose
its file and line-number. That is handy
if we want to convey messages about the
code itself, without having to worry
about edits invalidating our line-
numbers. The first use case that came
to mind are lightweight singletons that
are easy to find.
* § Leftovers⠀➾
o § Science⠀➾
# ⚓ Hackaday ☛ The_Antonov_An-225_Seems_To_Have_Been_Destroyed
After_All_|_Hackaday⠀⇛
Something that probably unites most Hackaday
readers is a love of machines, particularly unique
or interesting ones. In the world of aircraft for
example, we’ve run several stories about those
which push the edges of the size envelope, be they
the Hughes Hercules troop carrier, the Scaled
Composites Stratolifter space launcher, or the
Antonov An-225 Mriya cargo plane. This last machine
has been in the news for all the wrong reasons over
the last few days, with reports emerging that it
may have been destroyed in the fighting around its
base at Hostomel near Kyiv. There has been some
uncertainty around this news as it has alternately
been claimed to have been destroyed or to have
miraculously survived, but now a set of photographs
have emerged showing what appears to be the An-225
burning in its damaged hangar.
o § Integrity/Availability⠀➾
# § Proprietary⠀➾
# § Security⠀➾
# ⚓ Tech Times ☛ Three_Billion_Google_Chrome_Users
Warned_of_‘High’_Level_Attack:_28_Attacks_Across
Windows,_Linux,_and_Mac⠀⇛
Google has just issued a warning
towards its “circa three billion Chrome
users” globally. The company confirmed
brand new “high” level attacks directly
on its browser.
# ⚓ Red_Team_lab_automation⠀⇛
It’s not uncommon for red teamers to
regularly tear down and rebuild their
test labs, I know I do on a sometimes
daily basis. It keeps things fresh and
manageable, and now, using
Infrastructure as Code (IaC), we can
create a consistent environment to test
tools and techniques in. If we break
something it’s fine, just run the
script again! In this post I’ll detail
how, using Packer, Terraform, and
Ansible, to go from an empty ESXi
server to an up and running Windows
domain in minimum time.
o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾
# ⚓ Remi_Collet:_Please_STOP_war!⠀⇛
War is NEVER the solution War destroys lives War
destroys cities War destroys nature War destroys
economy War will destroy our planet Please STOP WAR
NOW! Everywhere
䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1833
╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕
⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 03.03.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧
Gemini_version_available_♊︎
✐ Links_3/3/2022:_LibreOffice_7.3.1_and_Getting_Things_GNOME_0.6⠀✐
Posted in News_Roundup at 1:25 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈
§ Contents⠀➾
* GNU/Linux
o Distributions
o Devices/Embedded
* Free_Software/Open_Source
* Leftovers
* § GNU/Linux⠀➾
o § Desktop/Laptop⠀➾
# ⚓ XDA ☛ Does_the_Dell_XPS_13_Plus_run_Linux?⠀⇛
The Dell XPS 13 Plus is one of the most interesting
laptops we’ve seen so far this year. It has a very
modern design, a great display, and top-tier
performance. Like most laptops, the Dell XPS 13
Plus is mostly known as a Windows device, but what
if you want to run Linux on it? Thankfully, you
can, either by buying it with Linux out of the box
or by installing it yourself later.
# ⚓ How_Linux_Can_Help_a_College_Student [Ed: This looks like a
legitimate article, but it’s actually webspam with SEO crap
interjected into it, e.g. “pay for essay”]⠀⇛
Our article is about how Linux can help a student
or any user who wants to get started in this world.
Hopefully, you will like this tutorial and you will
surely love the idea of using Linux as a primary or
even secondary platform.
# ⚓ Cool_Grub_Boot-loader_Theme_Inspired_by_DedSec_from_Watch
Dogs_|_UbuntuHandbook⠀⇛
Boring with the poor boot menu appearance? Try the
cool DedSec GRUB theme. It’s a Grub boot-loader
(defaults in most Linux) theme inspired by the
fictional hacker group DedSec from Watch Dogs
series video game.
o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾
# ⚓ How_to_Install_RainLoop_Webmail_with_Free_Let’s_Encrypt_SSL
on_Ubuntu_–_VITUX⠀⇛
RainLoop Webmail is an open-source email client
that can be installed on your own web server. It
supports IMAP and SMTP and provides a user-friendly
interface with a variety of features.
# ⚓ HowTo Forge ☛ How_to_Install_Prometheus_and_Node_Exporter
on_Rocky_Linux⠀⇛
Prometheus is an open-source monitoring and
alerting platform. Originally, Prometheus is
created by Soundcloud in 2012. Since then the
Prometheus project adopted by some famous companies
abe become a bigger project with very active
developers and community. And In 2016, the
Prometheus project is graduated under the Cloud
Native Computing Foundation (CNCF).
# ⚓ How_To_Install_Suricata_on_Ubuntu_20.04_LTS_–_idroot⠀⇛
In this tutorial, we will show you how to install
Suricata on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS. For those of you who
didn’t know, Suricata is a Network Security
Monitoring tool that processes and controls network
traffic. It is used also for generating alerts,
logs, and detecting suspicious packets or requests
on any service coming to your server. By default,
Suricata works as a passive Intrusion Detection
System (IDS) to scan for suspicious traffic on a
server or network. It will generate and log alerts
for further investigation. It can also be
configured as an active Intrusion Prevention System
(IPS) to log, alert, and completely block network
traffic that matches specific rules. This article
assumes you have at least basic knowledge of Linux,
know how to use the shell, and most importantly,
you host your site on your own VPS. The
installation is quite simple and assumes you are
running in the root account, if not you may need to
add ‘sudo‘ to the commands to get root privileges.
I will show you the step-by-step installation of
the Suricata network security monitoring on Ubuntu
20.04 (Focal Fossa). You can follow the same
instructions for Ubuntu 18.04, 16.04, and any other
Debian-based distribution like Linux Mint.
# ⚓ HowTo Forge ☛ How_to_Automate_Your_AWS_Resources_with
CloudFormation_Templates⠀⇛
AWS CloudFormation is a service that enables system
administrators to set up and manage an entire
collection of AWS resources – including their
configurations, dependencies, and inter-
relationships between them – in a single statement.
They can also make changes to existing
infrastructure without stopping or redeploying the
applications running on top of it. AWS
Cloudformation allows you to configure your
infrastructure as code. It is basically an
infrastructure as a code engine that works in the
cloud and helps users to provision and manage
compute, storage, and other resources. A
CloudFormation template is a JSON file with
directives on how to create or update AWS
resources. We can use AWS CLI, AWS SDKs like boto3,
or AWS CloudFormation service to create templates.
# ⚓ How_to_Install_Skype_on_Ubuntu_22.04_LTS_–_LinuxCapable
[Ed: Really terrible advice that gives Microsoft_control_over
GNU/Linux_machines (root access, remote)]⠀⇛
Skype is a proprietary telecommunications
application software owned and developed by
Microsoft. Skype is one of the most known and
recognized software for video, audio, and text
communication app available across multiple
platforms. For the most part, free to download and
use, Skype is an excellent tool for keeping in
touch with friends or working remotely with
colleagues. In the following tutorial, you will
learn how to install Skype on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS
Jammy Jellyfish using the command line terminal,
and optional version builds of stable and unstable.
# ⚓ H2S Media ☛ How_to_install_Zoom_client_on_Ubuntu_22.04_LTS
Linux_–_Linux_Shout⠀⇛
Go through the commands to install Zoom Client on
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Jammy JellyFish for having a video
conference and voice calls. Zoom is a free software
for holding audio calls and video conferences. The
basic functions of Zoom can be used free of charge
and registration is not absolutely necessary. Zoom
is available both as a program for the computer and
as an app for all Android and iOS devices.
Depending on the scope of the package, recordings
of your video conference can also be viewed. If
desired, artificial intelligence can capture
transcripts of your conversations, which you can
then edit further.
# ⚓ HowTo Geek ☛ How_to_Copy_Files_and_Directories_in_the_Linux
Terminal⠀⇛
Like any other operating system, you can copy and
paste files and directories (folders) in a Linux
distribution using the desktop interface. But you
can save time by copying those files in the
Terminal.
# ⚓ H2S Media ☛ How_to_Install_PHP_on_Ubuntu_20.04_LTS_Focal
Fossa_–_Linux_Shout⠀⇛
Learn the steps to install the latest version of
PHP language on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Focal Fossa using
the command terminal. PHP is the most common
server-side programming language in the web world.
Server-side means that the language can only
perform actions on the server: For example, it can
establish connections to a database or delete files
on the server. You can easily convert an HTML file
into PHP. You simply have to save the HTML file
under .php. You can upload this PHP file to your
server and call it up – without any actual PHP
code. The output is unchanged.
# ⚓ How_to_Install_Thunderbird_Mail_on_Ubuntu_22.04_LTS_–
LinuxCapable⠀⇛
Thunderbird Mail is a free, open-source email
client that can be used on both your desktop
computer and mobile devices like iPhone or Android.
The mail client software was initially developed by
the Mozilla Foundation but is now maintained by the
Thunderbird community for the community. In the
following tutorial, you will learn how to install
Thunderbird Mail on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Jammy
Jellyfish using three installations method of APT,
Flatpak, and Snap.
# ⚓ How_to_enable_jailed_shell/SSH_access_to_CPanel_user_using
command_line.⠀⇛
To enable jailed shell or SSH access to CPanel
user. You can run below command.
# ⚓ How_to_Set_Up_WireGuard_VPN_on_Ubuntu_[A_Step-by-Step
Guide]⠀⇛
WireGuard is an open-source, free, and fast VPN
server that utilizes state-of-the-art cryptography.
It passes traffic over UDP with better performance
than the common two tunneling protocols i.e OpenVPN
and IPsec. WireGuard is a peer-to-peer VPN made
specifically for the Linux kernel. It runs inside
the Linux kernel and allows you to create fast,
modern, and secure VPN tunnel. WireGuard works by
creating a network interface on each peer device
that acts as a tunnel. Peers authenticate each
other by exchanging and validating public keys,
mimicking the SSH model.
# ⚓ How_to_Upgrade_Mesa_Drivers_on_Ubuntu_22.04_LTS_–
LinuxCapable⠀⇛
With the release of modern graphics cards, it’s
easy to forget that before they were standard in
most gaming laptops and consoles – there was Mesa.
The open-source software implementation translates
API specifications into vendor-specific drivers so
you can use high-end applications with your PC even
if it has older hardware! Most Linux distributions
feature Mesa drivers, given they are free and open-
source before any proprietary drivers options,
however for most Linux distributions that focus on
stability first, you may find your Mesa drivers
needing an update when new releases support newer
graphic card hardware and technologies. In the
following tutorial, you will learn how to upgrade
or install Mesa Drivers on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Jammy
Jellyfish with Obigaf PPA for the latest drivers to
support Intel Radeon, NVIDIA, etc.
# ⚓ How_to_Install_GCC_Compiler_(build-essential)_on
Ubuntu 22.04_LTS_–_LinuxCapable⠀⇛
GCC, better known as The GNU Compiler Collection,
is a set of compilers development tools. Front ends
such as C, C++, Objective-C, Fortran, Ada, Go, and
D. GCC is open-source and is widely used as it was
the original compiler for GNU and is currently used
to compile the Linux Kernel along with many other
projects. In the following tutorial, you will learn
how to install GCC Compiler on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS
desktop or server using the default APT repository
maintained by Ubuntu or the PPA toolchain for the
latest bleeding-edge or alternative backport
versions.
# ⚓ How_to_Install_ImageMagick_on_Ubuntu_22.04_LTS_–
LinuxCapable⠀⇛
ImageMagick is a free, open-source application
installed as a binary distribution or source code.
ImageMagick can convert, read, write and process
raster images. ImageMagick is also available across
all major platforms, including Android, BSD, Linux,
Windows, Mac OSX, iOS, and many others. In the
following tutorial, you will learn how to install
ImageMagick on Ubuntu 22.04 Jammy Jellyfish using
the APT or Source installation method.
o § Games⠀➾
# ⚓ GamingOnLinux ☛ Castlevania_Advance_Collection_works_on
Steam_Deck,_despite_what_Konami_say_|_GamingOnLinux⠀⇛
Recently, Konami released an announcement on the
Castlevania Advance Collection Steam store page to
say it does not work on the Steam Deck. It does.
Note: personal purchase. The statement reads:
“Before purchasing this software, please be advised
that it cannot be played on Steam Deck as it does
not support SteamOS.”. Clearly then they don’t
understand how Linux, SteamOS, Proton or Steam Deck
works. As usual, I’m here to clear things up — as
it really works just fine.
# ⚓ GamingOnLinux ☛ Boxes_within_boxes,_puzzle_game_Patrick’s
Parabox_releases_March_29_|_GamingOnLinux⠀⇛
Patrick’s Parabox, a very clever puzzle game is
going to release on March 29. This might actually
be one of my most anticipated releases this year. I
tested out the demo in a previous Steam Festival
and absolutely fell in love with the idea.
“Patrick’s Parabox is an award-winning puzzle game
that explores a unique recursive system of boxes
within boxes within boxes within boxes. Learn to
manipulate the world’s structure by pushing boxes
into and out of each other. Wrap your head around
what happens when a box contains itself, and learn
to use infinity to your advantage. Explore many
more mechanics and recursive twists as you delve
deeper and deeper into the system. It’s boxes all
the way down.”
# ⚓ GamingOnLinux ☛ GOG_suspends_all_sales_in_Russia_and
Belarus_|_GamingOnLinux⠀⇛
With the ongoing brutal Russian invasion of
Ukraine, many more companies are taking action and
now GOG has made a big announcement with their
store. Here’s the statement they provided about the
decision to suspend activities in Russia and
Belarus…
# ⚓ GamingOnLinux ☛ Heroic_Games_Launcher_now_works_nicely_on
Steam_Deck_|_GamingOnLinux⠀⇛
Something that I’ve been asked, repeatedly (and
then some), is to show the Heroic Games Launcher on
the Steam Deck. So here we are, let’s take a look.
See also: installing Discord and the Epic Store
directly. This had to wait, as there we some issues
in both Heroic and an extra tool we needed called
the Heroic Bash Launcher. I’ve been constantly
speaking to the developer about it along with the
issues, and now the fixes are live for everyone.
Using the Epic Store with Rocket League for the
guide, since it’s free to play. While Heroic
supports GOG, currently you can’t add the games
from GOG to Steam just yet with the AppImage.
o § Desktop Environments/WMs⠀➾
# § K Desktop Environment/KDE SC/Qt⠀➾
# ⚓ Season_of_KDE_2022_With_KDE_Eco⠀⇛
As part of a pioneering sustainability
project, KDE Eco has the aim of measuring and
driving down the energy consumption of KDE/
Free Software. This requires emulating user
behaviour, which can be achieved by planning
and scripting Standard Usage Scenarios. I
will be scripting Standard Usage Scenarios
for various applications, with a focus on
commonly-used text editors like Kate, KWrite,
Vim, Nano, Emacs, Calligra Words, and
LibreOffice. I will prepare these usage
scenarios with one of many available
emulation tools. [...] Just imagine: What if
we analyzed the energy consumption behind
commonly-used software and made it more
transparent? What if users could learn how
much energy their software requires and could
choose the application that might be better
for the environment? This would be great!!!
The KDE Eco initiatives Free and open source
Energy Efficiency Project (FEEP) and Blauer
Engel For FOSS (BE4FOSS) are working hard on
these issues. As noted by FEEP, the design
and implementation of software has a
significant impact on the energy consumption
of the systems it is part of. With the right
tools, it is possible to quantify and drive
down energy consumption. This increased
efficiency contributes to a more sustainable
use of energy as one of the shared resources
of our planet.
# § GNOME Desktop/GTK⠀➾
# ⚓ Jean-François_Fortin_Tam:_Getting_Things_GNOME_0.6
released⠀⇛
Yes, ladies, gentlemen, and seemingly-dead
plants, it’s happening: after over 10 months
of incremental work from the community, we
are now releasing version 0.6 of our favorite
personal productivity app. This release comes
with some new features, lots of code
improvements, and many bugfixes.
# ⚓ 9to5Linux ☛ Getting_Things_GNOME_0.6_Personal
Productivity_App_Released_with_New_CalDAV_Sync
Backend⠀⇛
Coming about 11 months after Getting Things
GNOME 0.5, the Getting Things GNOME 0.6
release is here to introduce a new
synchronization backend that supports CalDAV
server synchronization across your multiple
computers, a new plugin to add game-like
elements to the app, as well as a revamped
tag editor. There are also the usual
improvements to make Getting Things GNOME
more stable and reliable when adding parent
or child tasks, when marking recurrent tasks
as done, as well as when deleting multiple
tasks at once, especially when you have a
huge list of opened tasks.
o § Distributions⠀➾
# ⚓ Barry Kauler ☛ EasyOS_3.4.1.1_test_build_for_recent_AMD
GPUs⠀⇛
I have done another build, with 5.15.16 kernel,
with some extra configure options enabled for
recent AMD APUs and GPUs. Also with extra firmware
under /lib/firmware/amdgpu — thanks to forum member
hundido. The kernel has the ‘radeon’ driver
disabled, so won’t work with older ATI/AMD GPUs. It
only has the ‘amdgpu’ driver. This has been done
for testing, so that the radeon driver won’t load
and interfere.
# § IBM/Red Hat/Fedora⠀➾
# ⚓ Egeria_Dojos_and_the_IBM_Developer_community_–_IBM
Developer [Ed: IBM cannot stop outsourcing everything
to Microsoft and to its proprietary software attack on
Free software/Open Source]⠀⇛
I am an Egeria maintainer at IBM. If you
would like to look up what code I have
written, my GitHub ID is davidradl. Many
thanks to Nigel Jones for reviewing this
content. Nigel is also an Egeria maintainer
at IBM.
# ⚓ How_to_provision_a_RHEL_VM_from_Red_Hat_Satellite⠀⇛
In this multi-part tutorial, we covered how
to provision RHEL VMs to a vSphere
environment from Red Hat Satellite. Now that
we have completed all of our prep work, in
this final part, we can provision VMs to our
VMware cluster using the specification we
defined in the compute profile. As part of
the provisioning process, Satellite will
request an available IP address from our DHCP
server, update the forward and reverse DNS
zone records, provision the VM on our VMware
cluster, and register the new RHEL VM to our
Satellite server and Red Hat Insights
# ⚓ CPE_Quarterly_Update_Q4_2021_–_Blog.CentOS.org⠀⇛
This is a summary of the work done on
initiatives by the CPE Team. Each quarter CPE
Team together with CentOS and Fedora
community representatives choose initiatives
that will be being worked on in this quarter.
The CPE Team is then split into multiple
smaller sub-teams that will work on chosen
initiatives + day to day work that needs to
be done.
# § Debian Family⠀➾
# ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Linux_on_an_SBC_project_Armbian
releases_version_22.02⠀⇛
The latest update to Armbian brings a
mainline-kernel based Ubuntu- and Debian-
compatible environment to dozens of small
single-board computers. This includes both
Arm and x86-based hardware UEFI booting – and
64-bit builds for Raspberry Pi hardware.
Armbian supports over 60 different single-
board computers, including various models of
Banana Pi, nVidia Jetson, Pine64 and dozens
more. The problem it addresses is similar to
what postmarketOS is trying to do with
smartphones. Your snazzy little SBC is
shipped bundled with a Linux of some kind,
customised for the hardware – but like a
budget smartphone, all too often you will
only get one update ever (if you’re lucky),
and then that’s it. Soon the vendor has a new
device to sell, and that device gets newer
software versions, not last year’s model.
Armbian isn’t exactly a Linux distro, but you
could confuse it for one if you squint a bit.
Armbian is a framework that lets you build
enough of a Linux system – a kernel, plus
tools to get that kernel into memory, and if
necessary the core of a root filesystem – to
put the rest of Debian or Ubuntu on top.
# § Canonical/Ubuntu Family⠀➾
# ⚓ Linux Mint ☛ Monthly_News_–_February_2022_–_The_Linux
Mint_Blog⠀⇛
I’m sorry for the late blog post. I’ll be
brief and to the point. Before I talk about
Linux Mint, I hope everyone is safe and OK.
The roadmap for Linux Mint 21 is taking form.
It’s currently available at https://
tree.taiga.io/project/linuxmint-linux-mint-
21-1/kanban. The BETA release for LMDE 5 is
out. We already received 22 bug reports. Many
thanks to all the people who are helping us
test it. In preparation for Linux Mint 21 we
are updating Cinnamon’s Javascript
interpreter and rebasing its window manager
on a more modern version of Mutter. This is a
huge task and it requires many code changes
in Cinnamon itself and causes a significant
number of regressions. We needed a full
development cycle for this so the timing is
perfect. Linux Mint 21 is likely to switch
from Blueberry (which uses the gnome-
bluetooth backend) to Blueman (which uses
bluez). Feedback showed that it worked better
with Bluetooth audio headsets and connected
to a wider ranger of devices. On the
development side of things, the latest
version of gnome-bluetooth introduced changes
which broke compatibility with Blueberry and
its main developer isn’t keen on seeing his
work used outside of GNOME. Blueman on the
other hand welcomed a Mint migration and is
open to changes. We’re currently testing
Blueman and working on its integration within
Linux Mint.
# ⚓ 9to5Linux ☛ Linux_Mint_21_to_Adopt_Blueman_for_Better
Bluetooth_Support,_Use_a_More_Modern_Mutter⠀⇛
Linux Mint 21 will finally end the Linux Mint
20 series, which is based on the Ubuntu 20.04
LTS (Focal Fossa) operating system series,
featuring a newer base from the upcoming
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS (Jammy Jellifish) long-term
supported operating system series. Of course,
Linux Mint 20 will still be supported until
April 2025 with software and security
updates, but the Linux Mint team is now
focusing on the next major series, Linux Mint
21, which will ship not only with newer core
components (e.g. Linux kernel, Mesa graphics
stack, GCC, GNU C Library) but also with a
newer version of the in-house developed
Cinnamon desktop environment.
o § Devices/Embedded⠀➾
# ⚓ Linux Gizmos ☛ Banana_Pi_previews_RK3588_module_and_dev
kit⠀⇛
Banana Pi previewed a “Core” module with an octa-
core -A76 and -A55 Rockchip RK3588 with up to 8GB
LPDDR4 and 128GB eMMC. A carrier board adds 2x GbE,
2x SATA, 3x HDMI, 4x USB, and PCIe Gen3 x4. Banana
Pi has teased an upcoming compute module and
carrier board based on Rockchip’s RK3588, which
will also be appearing in Q2 2022 on Radxa’s Rock 5
Model B. The products are offered by the Banana Pi
unit that will soon ship the RK3568-based, quad-GbE
BPI-R2 Pro router board. The unnamed Core module
and carrier have begun sampling, and the BSP for
Linux and Android 12 is still under development.
# ⚓ Linux_Action_News_230⠀⇛
Why it might be time to lower your RISC-
V expectations, Intel’s moves to close up CPU
firmware, and a quick state of the Deck.
# ⚓ 1U_Raspberry_Pi_Rack_Mount_Bracket_–_CubicleNate’s
Techpad⠀⇛
In an effort to improve the organization of my home
computer “core” I have made the search for a
solution to mount my Raspberry Pi and potentially
future Pis on my 2-post server rack. The solutions
I found were outside of my budget for a small
change so I found a solution on Thingaverse.com by
Russ Ross. [...] This was perfect so I employed my
3D Printer to print off all the parts. The total
cost for the PLA and the hardware is about $20.00
This will take about 554 grams of PLA at $20 per
kilogram will cost $11.04. The Hardware, which
includes a 36 inch threaded rod, 4 nuts and 4
washers to fasten the components together, and 24
screws for retaining the Pis was about $9.00.
# ⚓ Geeky Gadgets ☛ AAEON_Up_Squared_6000_Edge_mini_PC_$599_–
Geeky_Gadgets⠀⇛
AAEON has launched a new Edge mini PC computer kit
in the form of the Up Squared 6000. Specifically
designed to provide a small form factor industrial
solution to simplify the development process for
independent software vendors (ISVs), and IoT
developers. The new mini PC is based on the Intel
Atom x6000E range of processors formerly known as
Elkhart Lake. [...] The software package features
the Intel Edge Insights for Vision, which includes
Ubuntu desktop LTS…
# § Open Hardware/Modding⠀➾
# ⚓ Arduino ☛ This_special_chessboard_brings_digital
opponents_into_the_physical_world_|_Arduino_Blog⠀⇛
Chess still remains an extremely popular game
but finding someone to play against can be a
struggle, especially when it’s done in-person
instead of through a screen. Greg06 on
Instructables has created an automated
chessboard that can not only tell where
specific pieces are moved, but also play
against a live human opponent intelligently
while moving its own pieces. At the base of
the gameboard is a two-axis gantry system,
which is responsible for moving the chess
pieces positioned above via an electromagnet.
And rather than placing one stepper motor on
each axis, the gantry takes advantage of the
CoreXY concept which can move the magnet in
all directions with a complex arrangement of
pulleys, belts, and two stationary stepper
motors. Controlling this is a single Arduino
Nano connected to a pair of A4988 drivers, a
MOSFET for driving the magnet, and two limit
switches for homing.
# § Mobile Systems/Mobile Applications⠀➾
# ⚓ 5_Android_Apps_You_Should_Avoid⠀⇛
# ⚓ Android Police ☛ Android_Police’s_Best_of_MWC_2022⠀⇛
# ⚓ India Times ☛ google:_Google_testing_new_dark_theme
for_Android_smartphones_–_Times_of_India⠀⇛
# ⚓ Notebook Check ☛ The_Poco_X3_Pro_receives_Android_12
and_stable_MIUI_13_update_globally_–_NotebookCheck.net
News⠀⇛
# ⚓ HowTo Geek ☛ Your_Samsung_Phone_Might_Be_Throttling
Your_Android_Apps⠀⇛
# ⚓ FOSS Post ☛ F-Droid_is_a_Google_Play_Alternative_for
Open_Source_Apps⠀⇛
It is true that many open source apps are
available in the Google’s Play Store, but
most of them don’t like to be there. After
all, Google Play is a proprietary software
and fully controlled by the biggest
advertisement company on the planet. That’s
why open source app developers have been
looking for a better place to publish them.
This is where F-Driod comes to play. It is an
open source Google Play alternative that only
hosts open source apps in its app catalog. In
other words, if your app is not open source,
then it can not be listed for download on the
F-Droid store.
o § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾
# ⚓ Document Foundation ☛ LibreOffice_7.3.1_Community_available
for_download⠀⇛
LibreOffice 7.3.1 Community, the first minor
release of the LibreOffice 7.3 family, targeted at
technology enthusiasts and power users, is
available for download from https://
www.libreoffice.org/download/. This version
provides a solution to several LibreOffice 7.3
bugs, including the Auto Calculate regression on
Calc, the crashes running Calc when lacking AVX
instructions and the crashes related to the Skia
graphic engine on macOS.
# ⚓ 9to5Linux ☛ LibreOffice_7.3_Office_Suite_Gets_First_Point
Release,_Almost_100_Bugs_Were_Fixed⠀⇛
LibreOffice 7.3.1 is here exactly one month after
LibreOffice 7.3 to fix a bunch of bugs and issues
that would prevent you from successfully using the
popular office suite software for any of your home
office needs. A total of 98 issues were addressed
in this first point release to provide solutions to
several LibreOffice 7.3 bugs, including the Auto
Calculate regression on the Calc component, along
with crashes when running Calc without AVX
instructions.
# § Programming/Development⠀➾
# ⚓ Linux Links ☛ 8_Top_Free_and_Open_Source_Haskell_Web
Frameworks_–_LinuxLinks⠀⇛
One of the types of software that’s important
for a web developer is the web framework. A
framework “is a code library that makes a
developer’s life easier when building
reliable, scalable, and maintainable web
applications” by providing reusable code or
extensions for common operations. By saving
development time, developers can concentrate
on application logic rather than mundane
elements. A web framework offers the
developer a choice about how to solve a
specific problem. By using a framework, a
developer lets the framework control portions
of their application. While it’s perfectly
possible to code a web application without
using a framework, it’s more practical to use
one. Haskell is a standardized, general-
purpose, polymorphically statically typed,
lazy, purely functional language, very
different from many programming languages. It
enables developers to produce software that’s
clear, concise, and correct. When it comes to
web development, there are a fairly wide
range of Haskell frameworks available. The
choice depends on finding the right tool for
the job at hand. Here’s our pick of the
finest Haskell web frameworks.
# ⚓ The New Stack ☛ Using_APIs_with_Low-Code_Tools:_9
Best_Practices [Ed: “ServiceNow and Torq are sponsors
of The New Stack.” So this is, in effect, a paid-for
commercial again. The New Stack is a part time webspam
site disguised as “news”.]⠀⇛
There’s no doubt that these tools and
platforms are helping to speed up software
creation and delivery. But how do you make
sure the tools your organization chooses
integrate well with the APIs you need to be
productive — from Slack to Salesforce — and
serve your users and customers? As with any
other type of software that serves cloud
native architecture, the low- and no-code
market is crowded with products, and not all
of them will survive the competition. Or, the
most popular low-code startups get acquired
by tech giants. Either way, vendor lock-in
can leave your organization stranded. “The
problem quite often in the past has been,
low-code tools get to a certain level, and
they just disappear,” said Mark Boyd, founder
and director of the consulting firm
Platformable. There’s another possible pain
point with low-code/no-code tools and APIs,
said Boyd, who researches best practices for
API technologies. “When you dig down and try
to do something a little bit outside the box,
that’s not as simple as you just pull this
data from here into here,” he told The New
Stack. Some of the tools get complicated when
you try to customize them. Before you know
it, he said, you’re rolling up your sleeves
and coding anyway: “It can be a turn-off.”
# ⚓ Qt_5.15.3_Opensource_released⠀⇛
we have released Qt 5.15.3 opensource today…
# ⚓ Qt ☛ QML_Type_Compilation:_that_new_Qt_Quick_Compiler
part_you_have_not_heard_much_about⠀⇛
We have been recently talking about the QML
to C++ compilation, but this was mostly
describing the process of compiling your
JavaScript code. Along with it, however,
there is another compiler coming in Qt 6.3 –
the QML type compiler (or qmltc for short),
available as a tool in the qtdeclarative
repository. This compiler is part of the Qt
Quick Compiler technology and, complementing
QML script compiler (qmlsc), it aims to look
at the QML language from a different angle.
In this blog post you should learn about this
part of QML and the process of compiling your
QML types to C++, no components left aside.
* § Leftovers⠀➾
o § Science⠀➾
# ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Ion_Thrusters:_Not_Just_For_TIE_Fighters_Anymore
|_Hackaday⠀⇛
Spacecraft rocket engines come in a variety of
forms and use a variety of fuels, but most rely on
chemical reactions to blast propellants out of a
nozzle, with the reaction force driving the
spacecraft in the opposite direction. These rockets
offer high thrust, but they are relatively fuel
inefficient and thus, if you want a large change in
velocity, you need to carry a lot of heavy fuel.
Getting that fuel into orbit is costly, too! Ion
thrusters, in their various forms, offer an
alternative solution – miniscule thrust, but high
fuel efficiency. This tiny push won’t get you off
the ground on Earth. However, when applied over a
great deal of time in the vacuum of space, it can
lead to a huge change in velocity, or delta V. This
manner of operation means that an ion thruster and
a small mass of fuel can theoretically create a
much larger delta-V than chemical rockets, perfect
for long-range space missions to Mars and other
applications, too. Let’s take a look at how ion
thrusters work, and some of their interesting
applications in the world of spacecraft!
o § Integrity/Availability⠀➾
# § Proprietary⠀➾
# § Pseudo-Open Source⠀➾
# § Openwashing⠀➾
# ⚓ Security Week ☛ Open_Source_Security
Foundation_Now_Counts_60_Members [Ed:
Openwashing by_proprietary_software
companies]⠀⇛
The Open Source Security
Foundation (OpenSSF) on Tuesday
announced that 19 more
organizations have joined the
initiative, showing commitment
towards identifying and
addressing vulnerabilities in
open source software. OpenSSF now
has a total of 60 members. Hosted
by the Linux Foundation, OpenSSF
is a cross-industry forum meant
to bring together open source
security initiatives and help not
only address the security of open
source, but also develop best
practices, research, tooling,
training, and vulnerability
disclosure practices.
# ⚓ The_Apache_Software_Foundation_Welcomes
VMware_as_its_Newest_Platinum_Sponsor [Ed:
This company is attacking Free software [1,
2], ASF should not welcome the attacker]⠀⇛
The Apache® Software Foundation
(ASF) today welcomed VMware® as
its latest sponsor at the
Platinum level. “We are happy to
welcome VMware as a Platinum
Sponsor,” said Bob Paulin, ASF
Vice President Fundraising.
“Sponsoring the ASF provides
essential funds and services that
enable us to support more than
300 Apache Projects and their
communities on a day-to-day
basis. We are grateful for
VMware’s generosity as it helps
us further our mission of
providing software for the public
good.”
# § Security⠀➾
# ⚓ Enrico_Zini:_Migrating_from_procmail_to_sieve⠀⇛
Anarcat’s “procmail considered harmful”
post convinced me to get my act
together and finally migrate my
venerable procmail based setup to
sieve. My setup was nontrivial, so I
migrated with an intermediate step in
which sieve scripts would by default
pipe everything to procmail, which
allowed me to slowly move rules from
procmailrc to sieve until nothing
remained in procmailrc. Here’s what I
did.
# ⚓ Bruce Schneier ☛ Details_of_an_NSA_Hacking
Operation [Ed: Cracking, Bruce Schneier, not
"Hacking"...]⠀⇛
Pangu Lab in China just published a
report of a hacking operation by the
Equation Group (aka the NSA). It
noticed the hack in 2013, and was able
to map it with Equation Group tools
published by the Shadow Brokers (aka
some Russian group).
# ⚓ Vice ☛ Chinese_Cybersecurity_Company_Doxes
Apparent_NSA_Hacking_Operation⠀⇛
# ⚓ LWN ☛ Security_updates_for_Thursday_[LWN.net]⠀⇛
Security updates have been issued by
CentOS (cyrus-sasl), Fedora (kicad),
Mageia (php), openSUSE (envoy-proxy,
ldns, libdxfrw, librecad, php7, and
shapelib), Red Hat (cyrus-sasl), SUSE
(firefox, gnutls, ldns, and php7), and
Ubuntu (haproxy and php7.2, php7.4).
# ⚓ Cisco_Releases_Security_Updates_for_Multiple
Products_|_CISA⠀⇛
Cisco has released security updates to
address vulnerabilities in multiple
products. An attacker could exploit
some of these vulnerabilities to take
control of an affected system. For
updates addressing lower severity
vulnerabilities, see the Cisco Security
Advisories page.
o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾
# ⚓ WATCH:_South_African_in_Ukraine_–_‘We_are_alive_because_of
our_countrymen,_not_government’⠀⇛
A South African attempting to flee the war in
Ukraine has lauded the spirit of Ubuntu displayed
by other South Africans for saving his life.
# ⚓ Ukraine_invasion:_Where_does_SA’s_foreign_policy_of
‘Ubuntu’_fit_in?⠀⇛
# ⚓ Multipolar_World_Order_with_Iain_Davis⠀⇛
Whitney is joined by Iain Davis to discuss how the
Western-led “rules-based order” and its
alternative, the Russia/China-led “Multipolar law-
based order”, are two sides of the same coin and
are leading the world into an age of technocracy.
o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾
# ⚓ AccessNow ☛ Iran:_Drop_charges_against_human_rights
activist_Hossein_Ronaghi_–_Access_Now⠀⇛
We, the undersigned human rights organisations,
call on Iranian authorities to drop the charges
against Iranian activist and human rights defender
Hossein Ronaghi. We believe the charges arise from
peaceful exercise of his human rights, including
his criticism of the dire human rights situation in
the country and a looming piece of legislation that
will further shrink people’s rights if ratified.
Ronaghi was held in detention in circumstances that
violated his due process rights, from 23 February
until he was released on bail late on 2 March. He
was held in detention in Evin Prison for eight days
without any official charges brought against him.
According to his lawyer, a hearing before the
office of the prosecutor on 28 February revealed he
had been charged with ‘propaganda against the
state’ and ‘gathering and collusion with the
intention of disturbing national security’. Ronaghi
was previously imprisoned for six years in relation
to his peaceful exercise of his human rights.
During his imprisonment, his health deteriorated
severely as a result of torture and ill-treatment
and the multiple hunger strikes he went on to
protest his conditions. Following his recent
arrest, Ronaghi was denied access to his lawyers
and denied visits from family members. It was
several days before security agents gave his family
any information about his disappearance. The
authorities also prohibited his lawyers from
accessing case files throughout much of his
detention, thereby violating his due process
rights.
o § Internet Policy/Net Neutrality⠀➾
# ⚓ Senate_Commerce_Votes_To_Approve_Sohn,_Bedoya_To_Guide
Broadband_Policy_for_Consumers_–_Public_Knowledge⠀⇛
Today, the U.S. Senate Committee on Commerce,
Science, and Transportation voted to approve Gigi
Sohn as a Commissioner at the Federal
Communications Commission and Alvaro Bedoya as a
Commissioner for the Federal Trade Commission. Both
Ms. Sohn and Mr. Bedoya have worked steadfastly to
champion consumer protections and have a deep
understanding of the important role that these
agencies have in ensuring those protections reflect
the needs of consumers. Public Knowledge urges the
Senate to confirm President Joe Biden’s nominees to
help protect consumers in the digital era. The
following can be attributed to Chris Lewis,
President and CEO at Public Knowledge: “These
committee votes are extremely important for getting
stalled parts of the technology policy agenda
moving with a sense of urgency. The FCC plays a
critical role in ensuring consumers have access to
robust, affordable broadband and the FTC works to
ensure that once consumers are online, their
privacy is protected and there is a functioning
market that provides choice.
䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 2993
╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕
⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 03.03.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧
Gemini_version_available_♊︎
✐ Links_3/3/2022:_New_ASF_Board_of_Directors_and_Microsoft_Antitrust_Abuses⠀✐
Posted in News_Roundup at 6:52 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈
§ Contents⠀➾
* GNU/Linux
o Distributions
o Devices/Embedded
* Free_Software/Open_Source
* Leftovers
* § GNU/Linux⠀➾
o § Audiocasts/Shows⠀➾
# ⚓ Video ☛ Geany_Text_Editor_For_Windows,_Mac_&_Linux_–
Invidious⠀⇛
Geany is a powerful, yet lightweight, text editor
and IDE that has tons of useful features built-in
and has a bunch of third-party plugins too. It is
free and open source software, and it runs on
Window, MacOS and Linux.
# ⚓ Video ☛ Here’s_Every_Steam_Deck_/_SteamOS_Wallpaper_In_4K_–
Invidious⠀⇛
# ⚓ Video ☛ Hackers_Demand_Nvidia_Open_Drivers_By_TODAY!!_–
Invidious⠀⇛
Recently hacking group Lapsus$ infiltrated Nvidia’s
servers and claim to have left with 1 terabyte of
proprietary data, including drivers, firmware,
schematics and more even for unreleased cards.
# ⚓ Video ☛ Hackers_want_Nvidia_to_go_open_source,_Steam_Deck
is_out,_Ubuntu_22.04_new_theme_–_Linux_News_–_Invidious⠀⇛
o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾
# ⚓ Citizix ☛ How_to_use_etckeeper_to_manage_/etc_in_OpenSUSE
Leap_15⠀⇛
Etckeeper is a simple, easy-to-use, modular and
configurable collection of tools to let /etc be
managed using version control. It allows the
contents of /etc to be stored in a Version Control
System (VCS) repository such as git. Thus allowing
you to use git to review or revert changes that
were made to /etc, in case of a mistake. In Linux/
Unix, the /etc directory is where host-specific
system-wide configuration files and directories are
located; it is a central location for all system-
wide configuration files. A configuration file is a
local file used to control how a program works – it
must be static and cannot be an executable binary.
To keep track of changes to system configuration
files, system administrators normally make copies
(or backups) of configuration files before
modifying them. That way if they directly modified
the original file and made a mistake, they can
revert to the saved copy. In this guide, we will
learn how to Install and configure etckeeper in
Opensuse Leap 15.
# ⚓ H2S Media ☛ Install_NotePad++_on_Ubuntu_22.04_LTS_Linux
using_SNAP_–_Linux_Shout⠀⇛
Learn the simple steps to install NotePad++ on
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Jammy JellyFish Linux using the
command terminal for writing programs. Free
Notepad++ is based on the Windows Notepad Editor
but functionally for writing programs. Therefore,
we cannot install Notepad++ on the Linux system
simply using its package manager such as APT. In
such a situation, we have to take the help of Wine
– a free and open-source compatibility layer to run
Windows applications. On one hand, notepad.exe on
Windows is suitable for making short notes, the
Notepad++ program goes beyond. Any person who
writes code would already know about this app. It
offers functions such as syntax highlighting, which
highlights certain entered code blocks in color.
This improves the overview. In addition to TXT,
there are entries for Batch, C++, C#, JavaScript,
PHP, PostScript, Windows PowerShell, Python, R, the
Windows Registry (*.reg), Ruby, Swift, and Visual
Basic. Users just need knowledge of the programming
languages, Notepad++ makes things easier, but does
not take away your know-how here.
# ⚓ OSNote ☛ How_to_Use_RSYNC_to_Backup_Data_on_Ubuntu_–
OSNote⠀⇛
Loss of valuable data and not being able to recover
it is the most painful incident that can happen to
any of us. To take precautions against this
problem, a backup copy of the data needs to be
created. A data backup is a copy of valuable data
kept on your devices, such as computers, phones, or
tablets, that is used to recover the valuable data
that has been lost. Data loss is caused in a
variety of ways, including failure of hard drives,
ransomware, and even human error. Whatever the
disaster, a backup of data could provide the relief
you need to restore the data on your devices. It’s
usually kept in a safe, different location from the
original device, such as the cloud. One of the
approaches we use in Linux to back up our data is
using “rsync”. In this article on Ubuntu 20.04, we
use the rsync approach to back up data.
# ⚓ Neat_uses_for_a_backlit_keyboard⠀⇛
I bought myself a new keyboard last November, a
Logitech G213. True keyboard fans will tell me it’s
not a real mechanical keyboard, but it was a lot
cheaper and met my requirements of having some
backlighting and a few media keys (really all I use
are the volume control keys). Oh, and being a
proper UK layout. While the G213 isn’t fully
independent RGB per key it does have a set of zones
that can be controlled. Also this has been reverse
engineered, so there are tools to do this under
Linux. All I really wanted was some basic
backlighting to make things a bit nicer in the
evenings, but with the ability to control colour I
felt I should put it to good use.
# ⚓ Scan_for_SSH_private_keys_without_passphrase_|_Ganneff’s
Little_Blog⠀⇛
So for policy reasons, customer wanted to ensure
that every SSH private key in use by a human on
their systems has a passphrase set. And asked us to
make sure this is the case. There is no way in SSH
to check this during connection, so client side
needs to be looked at. Which means looking at
actual files on the system. Turns out there are
multiple formats for the private keys – and I
really do not want to implement something able to
deal with that on my own.
# ⚓ Linux Made Simple ☛ How_to_install_Piskel_on_a_Chromebook⠀⇛
Today we are looking at how to install Piskel on a
Chromebook. Please follow the video/audio guide as
a tutorial where we explain the process step by
step and use the commands below.
# ⚓ Citizix ☛ How_to_Install_and_Configure_Puppet_7_Server_on
Ubuntu_20.04⠀⇛
In this guide, we are going to install Puppet 7
Server Open Source in Ubuntu 20.04. We will set up
a Puppet server and an agent and install Nginx
using puppet manifests. Puppet is a software
configuration management tool which includes its
own declarative language to describe system
configuration. It is a model-driven solution that
requires limited programming knowledge to use.
Puppet operates in an agent-master architecture, in
which a master node controls configuration
information for a fleet of managed agent nodes.
Puppet is distributed in several packages. These
include puppetserver, puppet-agent and puppetdb.
Puppet Server controls the configuration
information for one or more managed agent nodes.
PuppetDB is where the data generated by Puppet is
stored.
# ⚓ Make Use Of ☛ How_to_Set_the_Time_Zone_Using_the_Linux
Terminal⠀⇛
If you’ve moved or are traveling with your Linux
laptop, you may be wondering how to change your
system’s time zone. It’s easy to set your Linux
computer’s time zone from the command line. Here’s
how to do it.
o § Games⠀➾
# ⚓ GamingOnLinux ☛ Steam_Deck_changelogs_now_available,_new
update_out_now_|_GamingOnLinux⠀⇛
Valve has now put live some public changelogs and
will be properly announcing when updates go out for
the Steam Deck. You can follow along on their news
hub, but we’ll cover them all as usual.
o § Distributions⠀➾
# § Screenshots/Screencasts⠀➾
# ⚓ Linux Made Simple ☛ Freespire_8.2⠀⇛
Today we are looking at Freespire 8.2. It is
based on Ubuntu 20.04, Linux Kernel 5.13, KDE
Plasma 5.18, and uses about 500MB of ram when
idling. Enjoy!
# ⚓ Video ☛ Freespire_8.2_Run_Through_–_Invidious⠀⇛
In this video, we are looking at Freespire
8.2.
# § IBM/Red Hat/Fedora⠀➾
# ⚓ Silicon Angle ☛ Red_Hat_details_edge_computing
collaboration_with_Verizon⠀⇛
IBM Corp.’s Red Hat division today shared new
details about its collaboration with Verizon
Communications Inc. to help enterprises adopt
edge computing technologies. Last year,
Verizon teamed up with IBM on a broad
initiative to modernize its network. As part
of the effort, Verizon is building key
components of its 5G infrastructure using Red
Hat software. Edge computing is one of the
areas that the companies’ partnership
prioritizes. Verizon offers an edge computing
service called Verizon 5G Edge that enables
enterprises to run their applications on
infrastructure attached to the carrier’s 5G
network. This infrastructure is powered by
Amazon Web Services Inc.’s AWS Wavelength
platform.
# ⚓ Red Hat Official ☛ Red_Hat_Helps_Türk_Telekom
Digitally_Transform_Across_its_Business_to_the_Edge⠀⇛
Red Hat, Inc., the world’s leading provider
of open source solutions, today announced
that Türk Telekom, Turkey’s first and leading
integrated telecommunications operator, has
deployed Red Hat OpenShift, the industry’s
leading Kubernetes platform, for use across
its business to develop and scale cloud-
native applications from core to edge for
faster innovation.
# ⚓ Red Hat Official ☛ Red_Hat_Extends_Partner_Training
Offerings_to_Strengthen_Open_Hybrid_Cloud_Expertise
[Ed: Red Hat is promoting nonsense like "clown
computing" instead of real computing skills (building
systems, not outsourcing)]⠀⇛
Red Hat, Inc., the world’s leading provider
of open source solutions, today announced
that Red Hat Training and Certification is
expanding its offerings for partners in order
to advance their skills journey with open
hybrid cloud technologies. Red Hat partners
can now access Red Hat Training self-paced
online courses at no cost in order to develop
critical skills around Red Hat solutions in
key areas such as cloud computing,
containers, virtualization,
# ⚓ Edge_Automation_with_NetGitOps_on_Red_Hat_Ansible
Automation_Platform_2 [Ed: Red Hat is foolishly, as
usual, pushing Microsoft proprietary software, GitHub,
even though perfectly fine alternatives which are Free
software predate that]⠀⇛
# § Canonical/Ubuntu Family⠀➾
# ⚓ Make Use Of ☛ 8_Reasons_Why_Ubuntu_Is_the_Ideal
Distro_for_Linux_Newcomers⠀⇛
Ubuntu often gets recommended as the first
distro to beginner Linux users. What makes it
different than any other distro? Let’s find
out. The Linux kernel has spawned an entire
family of operating systems known as Linux
distributions. There are close to a thousand
(or maybe more) distributions that you can
install on your computer for free. But when
it comes to ease of use and beginner-
friendliness, Ubuntu is the name that pops up
the most. Why is this so? And why do people
recommend Ubuntu as the first distro to Linux
beginners? Let’s find out.
o § Devices/Embedded⠀➾
# ⚓ Linux Gizmos ☛ Renesas_unveils_Linux-driven_RISC-V_SoC
based_on_an_Andes_AX45MP_core⠀⇛
Renesas announced a headless, 1GHz “RZ/Five” IoT
SoC that runs Linux on Andes’ AX45MP RISC-V core
with support for up to 4GB DDR4-1600, 1x or 2x GbE
ports, 2x CAN, and 2x USB. A SMARC module is in the
works. Renesas has begun sampling the first
commercial system-on-chip based on Andes
Technology’s 64-bit RISC-V cores. The headless,
single-core RZ/Five runs Linux on Andes’ up to 1GHz
AndesCore AX45MP core, which was updated for
greater performance last December. The SoC is aimed
at entry-class social infrastructure gateway
control and industrial gateway control.
# § Mobile Systems/Mobile Applications⠀➾
# ⚓ Linux On Mobile ☛ LINMOB.net_–_Easily_upgrading_the
PinePhone_(Pro)_Modem_Firmware⠀⇛
If you are a PinePhone owner and have not
been living under a rock, you will know that
there’s an exploitable vulnerability for the
PinePhone Pro’s Quectel EG-25G firmware
that’s been supplied with your PINE64 phone.
Also, let’s briefly say that aside from not
being good at fixing vulnerabilities in a
timely manner, Quectel and their modem
firmware by default are not really perfect.
The Fix (part 1): The Community Firmware by
Biktorgj Fortunately, there’s a road to
getting that problem fixed without waiting
for Quectel to deliver something. PINE64
Community Member Biktorgj has been working
hard on a community firmware – I’ve written
about this, and wrote an explainer on how to
install that firmware in May of 2021.
Installing got simpler since (just run one
script), but not quite simple enough for
many.
o § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾
# ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Google_blocks_FOSS_Android_tool_–_for
asking_for_donations_•_The_Register⠀⇛
StreetComplete, a free Android program designed to
help people to contribute to OpenStreetMap, was
blocked from Google’s Play Store merely for urging
users to donate money to the app’s development.
According to StreetComplete developer Tobias Zwick,
the software store’s semi-automated approval system
rejected StreetComplete for suggesting people
donate money to the code’s maintenance and
improvement. Why? Because Play Store apps mustn’t
accept other payment methods.
# ⚓ Apache Blog ☛ Announcing_New_ASF_Board_of_Directors⠀⇛
At The Apache Software Foundation (ASF) Annual
Members’ Meeting held this week, the following
individuals were elected to the ASF Board of
Directors: Rich Bowen (former Director) Bertrand
Delacretaz (current Director) Christofer Dutz (new
Director) Roy T. Fielding (current Director) Sharan
Foga (current Director) Willem Jiang (new Director)
Sam Ruby (current Director) Roman Shaposhnik
(current Director) Sander Striker (current
Director)
# § Events⠀➾
# ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Spaceship_Repair_CTF_Covers_Hardware
Hacker_Essentials_|_Hackaday⠀⇛
At even vaguely infosec-related conferences,
CTFs are a staple. For KernelCon 2021, [Tyler
Rosonke] resolved to create a challenge
breaking the traditions, entertaining and
teaching people in a different way, while
satisfying the constraints of that year’s
remote participation plans. His imagination
went wild in all the right places, and a
beautifully executed multi-step hardware
challenge was built – only in two copies!
# § Web Browsers⠀➾
# § Chromium⠀➾
# ⚓ Google ☛ Chrome_100_Beta:_Reduced_User-Agent
Strings,_Multi-Screen_Window_Placement,_and
More⠀⇛
Unless otherwise noted, changes
described below apply to the newest
Chrome beta channel release for
Android, Chrome OS, Linux, macOS, and
Windows. Learn more about the features
listed here through the provided links
or from the list on ChromeStatus.com.
Chrome 100 is beta as of March 3. 2022.
You can download the latest on
Google.com for desktop or on Google
Play Store on Android.
# § Mozilla⠀➾
# ⚓ Mozilla ☛ The_website_security_ecosystem
protects_individuals_against_fraud_and_state-
sponsored_surveillance._Let’s_not_break_it.⠀⇛
Principle four of the Mozilla Manifesto
states that “Individuals’ security and
privacy on the internet are fundamental
and must not be treated as optional.”
We’ve made real progress on improving
security on the Internet, but
unfortunately, a draft law under
discussion in the EU – the eIDAS
Regulation – threatens to reverse that
progress. Mozilla and many others have
been raising the alarm in the last few
months. Today, leading cybersecurity
experts are weighing in too, in an open
letter to EU lawmakers that warns of
the risks that eIDAS represents to web
security. Website certificates sit at
the heart of web security. When you
make a connection to a web site, say
“mozilla.org”, that connection is
protected with TLS, but TLS only
protects the connection itself; each
server has a certificate which ensures
that the server on the other end is
“mozilla.org” and not an attacker
impersonating Mozilla. Certificates are
issued by Certificate Authorities
(CAs), who are responsible for
verifying that a given entity controls
the site in question.
# ⚓ Mozilla ☛ Announcing_Interop_2022_–_Mozilla
Hacks_–_the_Web_developer_blog⠀⇛
A key benefit of the web platform is
that it’s defined by standards, rather
than by the code of a single
implementation. This creates a shared
platform that isn’t tied to specific
hardware, a company, or a business
model. Writing high quality standards
is a necessary first step to an
interoperable web platform, but
ensuring that browsers are consistent
in their behavior requires an ongoing
process. Browsers must work to ensure
that they have a shared understanding
of web standards, and that their
implementation matches that
understanding.
# § SaaS/Back End/Databases⠀➾
# ⚓ PostgreSQL ☛ PostgreSQL:_Announcing_this_year’s
edition_of_the_Swiss_PGDay⠀⇛
We are happy to announce this year’s edition
of the Swiss PGDay to take place Friday, July
1 at the Eastern Switzerland University of
Applied Sciences, Campus Rapperswil, close to
Zurich, Switzerland. The conference will
feature 1 day with two tracks of
presentations in English and German.
# ⚓ PostgreSQL ☛ Belgian_PostgreSQL_Conference_2022_&
Call_for_Papers⠀⇛
Announcing the Belgian PostgreSQL Conference
2022 & Call for Papers PGConf.be 2022 is the
sequel of the successful Belgian PostgreSQL
conference 2019 in Haasrode, Leuven. The
conference will take place on May 19th, 2022.
# § Programming/Development⠀➾
# ⚓ MakeTech Easier ☛ How_to_Use_the_G++_Compiler_on
Linux⠀⇛
The compilation process is a big part of any
C++ coding project. You need a compiler that
is effective and simple, while also offering
a variety of functionality. This is where the
g++ compiler comes in. It offers a variety of
functions for your compilation needs,
straight from the command line. Here we show
you how to get started with this great tool.
* § Leftovers⠀➾
o § Hardware⠀➾
# ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Compressed_Air_Jumping_Shoes_Are_Not_For_The
Faint-Hearted_|_Hackaday⠀⇛
[Ian Charnas] has taken a short break from building
things that might injure himself, by building
something that could injure somebody else instead.
(Video, embedded below) Well, hopefully not anyway.
After working with YouTuber [Tyler Csatari] on a
few ideas, [Tyler] was insistent on getting some
power-assisted jumping shoes, so [Ian] set to work
mounting some compressed-air powered pistons to a
pair of walking shoes. With a large backpack
housing the 200 PSI air cylinder, control valves
and timers. The whole affair looks solidly
constructed, if a little ungainly, but does seem to
work surprisingly well. After some initial
calculations of how much force each piston could
exert before risking leg injury, he found that
whilst it did work, to an extent, the pressure
required was beyond the capability of the
compressor they had on hand. After a shopping trip,
a bigger compressor was located, but that still
needed a modification to get anywhere near its
maximum 200 psi rating. The thing is, that
modification was to bypass the regulator and the
safety valve, and this is definitely something you
don’t want to be making a habit of. Compressed air
systems like this can hold quite a bit of an
explosion potential if pushed beyond reasonable
limits, and care needs to be taken to keep things
within safe bounds. Cost-wise, [Ian] does mention a
figure of around $3,000 USD making it a bit of a
pricey project, but hey a YouTuber’s paying the
bill, so it must just be a drop in the ocean for
them?
# ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Remoticon_2021_//_Jay_Bowles_Dips_Into_The
Plasmaverse_|_Hackaday⠀⇛
Every hacker out there is familiar with the zaps
and sizzles of the Tesla coil, or the crash and
thunder of lighting strikes on our hallowed Earth.
These phenomena all involve the physics of plasma,
a subject near and dear to [Jay Bowles’s] heart.
Thus, he graced Remoticon 2021 with a enlightening
talk taking us on a Dip Into The Plasmaverse.
# ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Internal_Combustion_Torque_Monster_Has_Great
Impact_|_Hackaday⠀⇛
Once the domain of automotive repair shops and
serious hobbyists with air compressors, the impact
driver so famously used to remove and install wheel
lug nuts and other Big Fasteners with just a
squeeze of the trigger is more accessible than
ever. Thanks to Lithium Ion batteries and powerful
and compact brushless motors, you can now buy a
reasonably powerful and torquey impact driver for a
relatively low price- no air compressor needed! But
what if you relish the thought of a noisy, unwieldy
and unnecessarily loud torque monster? Then the
video below the break by [Torque Test Channel] is
just what you need! Now, this is Hackaday, so we
don’t have to go into detail about why a person
might want to rip out the electric motor and adapt
a 60cc 2 stroke engine in its place. Of course
that’s the obvious choice. But [Torque Test
Channel] isn’t just mucking about for the fun of
it. No, they’re having their fun, experimenting
with internal combustion engines in odd places
before they are banned by 2024 in California. Now,
we’re not sure if the ban includes these exact
types of engines- but who needs details when you
have an impact driver that can change semi tires
like a NASCAR pit crew.
o § Integrity/Availability⠀➾
# § Proprietary⠀➾
# ⚓ OMG Ubuntu ☛ ‘UpNote’_Note-Taking_App_is_Now
Available_on_Linux⠀⇛
If you’re yet to settle on a note-taking
service that works across platforms you may
want to check out a new option now available
for Linux: UpNote. Now, I will mention
upfront that the UpNote Linux client is
Electron-based, and it is closed-source,
proprietary software. The service does offer
a free tier that lets you create “up to” 50
notes using basic features but you will need
to shell out $0.99/month subscription (or pay
a $19.99 one off fee) to create more than
this, and unlock advanced options like
tables, attachments, and extra export
options.
# § Security⠀➾
# ⚓ Dark Reading ☛ Attivo_Expands_Active_Directory
Protection_from_Unmanaged_Devices,_Including_Mac,
Linux,_IoT/OT⠀⇛
Attivo Networks ADSecure-DC solution
joins the company’s existing suite of
Active Directory protection products.
# ⚓ USCERT ☛ CISA_Adds_95_Known_Exploited
Vulnerabilities_to_Catalog [Ed: Microsoft_Windows
TCO]⠀⇛
CISA has added 95 new vulnerabilities
to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities
Catalog, based on evidence of active
exploitation. These types of
vulnerabilities are a frequent attack
vector for malicious cyber actors and
pose significant risk to the federal
enterprise.
# ⚓ USCERT ☛ NSA_Releases_Network_Infrastructure
Security_Guidance [Ed: Same NSA that puts_back
doors_in_everything]⠀⇛
The National Security Agency (NSA) has
released a new Cybersecurity Technical
Report (CTR): Network Infrastructure
Security Guidance. The report captures
best practices based on the depth and
breadth of experience in supporting
customers and responding to threats.
Recommendations include perimeter and
internal network defenses to improve
monitoring and access controls
throughout the network.
o § Monopolies⠀➾
# ⚓ Public Knowledge ☛ Will_Microsoft_Use_Activision_Blizzard
to_Freeze_Out_Rivals?_–_Public_Knowledge⠀⇛
Virtual bullets and explosions dance across the
screen, yet I’m far more focused on what’s coming
in through my Playstation headset. Two of my best
friends live across the country, yet we stay in
touch through the team-based online shooter game
Overwatch. Bemoaning the substandard play of our
competitors (and occasionally other teammates) is
interspersed with discussions of our families,
professional lives, and significant others. It
almost feels as if we are back in the college dorm
room where we met a decade ago, instead of three
time zones apart. Our online gatherings, and many
others like it, are now in jeopardy. You see,
Overwatch is made by Activision Blizzard and the
three of us play on Sony’s Playstation console.
Microsoft, Sony’s chief gaming rival, has announced
it will be acquiring Activision Blizzard for a
whopping $68.7 billion. The deal merits rigorous
scrutiny by antitrust enforcers.
# § Copyrights⠀➾
# ⚓ Public Domain Review ☛ James_Sowerby’s_*British
Mineralogy*_(1802–1817)_–_The_Public_Domain_Review⠀⇛
Five-part mineralogical handbook containing
more than four hundred vividly hand-colored
engravings of various rocks, minerals, and
compounds.
䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 3773
╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕
⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 03.03.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧
Gemini_version_available_♊︎
✐ Links_3/3/2022:_Mozilla’s_DRM_Ads_and_New_From_Banana_Pi⠀✐
Posted in News_Roundup at 2:48 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈
§ Contents⠀➾
* GNU/Linux
o Distributions
o Devices/Embedded
* Free_Software/Open_Source
* Leftovers
* § GNU/Linux⠀➾
o § Audiocasts/Shows⠀➾
# ⚓ The_Linux_Link_Tech_Show_Episode_945⠀⇛
Joels swipes right on inventory software
o § Kernel Space⠀➾
# ⚓ Shadow_stacks_for_user_space_[LWN.net]⠀⇛
The call stack is a favorite target for attackers
attempting to compromise a running process; if an
attacker finds a way to overwrite a return address
on the stack, they can redirect control to code of
their choosing, leading to a situation best
described as “game over”. As a result, a great deal
of effort has gone into protecting the stack. One
technique that offers promise is a shadow stack;
support for shadow stacks is thus duly showing up
in various processors. Support for protecting user-
space applications with shadow stacks is taking a
bit longer; it is currently under discussion within
the kernel community, but adding this feature is
trickier than one might think. Among other things,
these patches have been around for long enough that
they have developed some backward-compatibility
problems of their own.
# ⚓ Thoughts_on_software-defined_silicon_[LWN.net]⠀⇛
People are attracted to free software for a number
of reasons, including price, overall quality,
community support, and available features. But, for
many of us, the value of free software is to be
found in its ability to allow us to actually own
and maintain control over our systems. Antifeatures
in free software tend not to last long, and free
drivers can often unlock capabilities of the
hardware that its vendors may not have seen fit to
make available. Intel’s upcoming “software defined
silicon” (SDSi) mechanism may reduce that control,
though, by taking away access to hardware features
from anybody who has not paid the requisite fees.
SDSi is a “feature” that is expected to make an
appearance in upcoming Intel processors. Its
purpose is to disable access to specific processor
capabilities in the absence of a certificate from
Intel saying otherwise. As the enabling patch set
from David Box makes clear, the interface to the
mechanism itself is relatively simple. It appears
as a device on the bus that offers a couple of
operations: install an “authentication key
certificate” or a “capability activation payload”.
The certificate is used to authenticate any
requests to enable features, while the payload
contains the requests themselves. Unless this
device has been used to store an acceptable
certificate and payload, the features that it
governs will be unavailable to software running on
that CPU.
The SDSi hardware also maintains a couple of
counters that track the number of unsuccessful
attempts that have been made to load a certificate
or enable a feature. Should either counter exceed a
threshold, the mechanism will be disabled entirely;
the only way to get it back will be to power-cycle
the processor. Presumably, the intent here is to
thwart attempted brute-force attacks against the
SDSi gatekeeper.
Intel is clear enough about the purpose behind this
new mechanism. SDSi will enable shipping CPUs with
features that may be of interest to users, but
which are unavailable unless additional payments
are made. The restricted capabilities will be
present on all shipped CPUs, but the customers, who
might have thought that they own their expensive
processors, will not be able to use their systems
to their fullest capability without add-on (and
perhaps recurring) payments to the vendor.
# ⚓ A_last_look_at_the_4.4_stable_series_[LWN.net]⠀⇛
Linus Torvalds released the 4.4 kernel on January
10, 2016 and promptly left the building for the
greener fields of 4.5. This kernel was finished
from his point of view, but it was just beginning
its life in the wider world, and became the first
long-term-stable release to be supported for more
than two years. Indeed, the 4.4 release became one
of the longest-supported and most widely used
releases in the history of the kernel project (so
far); it was deployed in vast numbers of Android
devices, among other places. The final 4.4 stable
release took place on February 3, over six years
after 4.4 was “finished”; it is time to take a look
at what happened to 4.4 in its stable life.
There were 302 stable updates released for 4.4 over
the 2,216 days of its supported life —
approximately one release per week for the entire
six years. Those releases added 18,974 non-merge
changesets to that “stable” kernel (about 8.6
patches per day, every day). By virtue of that
work, the 4.4 kernel grew by nearly 90,000 lines of
code; 72 new source files were added during that
time.
o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾
# ⚓ How_to_Install_PyBrain_Python_Library_in_Linux⠀⇛
PyBrain is an open-source Machine Learning library
for Python that aims at providing easy-to-use yet
flexible and robust algorithms for handling machine
learning tasks. In case you didn’t know, PyBrain is
short for Python-Based Reinforcement Learning,
Artificial Intelligence, and Neural Network
Library.
PyBrain is licensed under the BSD Sofware license
and is completely free to download and use for
everyone. In this guide, we will show you how you
can install PyBrain on your Linux system so that
you can leverage the algorithms in your Python
project.
# ⚓ How_to_Install_WonderCMS_on_Ubuntu_20.04_(With_Nginx)⠀⇛
WonderCMS is a CMS focused on simplicity of use
without sacrificing functionality. Thanks to this
it is a CMS easy to use and configure, but above
all it is very fast and efficient.
One of the most important features of WonderCMS is
that it does not require a database driver. So, you
can use it in many circumstances.
So let’s go for it and by the way, we will use
Nginx as a web server and increase the performance
of the web.
# ⚓ Easily_Run_Windows_Software_on_Linux_with_Bottles⠀⇛
Wine, which is short for Wine is Not an Emulator,
is the flagship open-source compatibility layer
available within the Linux ecosystem – or generally
POSIX (Portable Operating System Interface)
compliant – for Windows applications. A decent open
source project has been established with the
primary goal of ensuring the long-term potential of
Windows on Linux.
Considering the continuous development of the
platform, Wine has become instrumental in helping
Windows users, especially those new to Linux to
transition to a Linux-based operating system as
their daily driver.
However, it hasn’t had a lot of success due to the
incompatibility with some Windows applications that
may arise and as a result, many are often left
disappointed as they usually expect a smooth
experience as they had on Windows which is no
further from the truth.
For what it’s worth, these apps have their unique
dependencies that Wine may not be able to satisfy
and this is where Bottles comes in.
# ⚓ Solve_Error:_Error_establishing_a_database_connection
WordPress⠀⇛
After reading this tutorial, you will learn how to
check your database name, username, and password
and change them within the WordPress configuration
file and your server settings.
All instructions in this WordPress tutorial include
screenshots, making it easy for all users to follow
the steps described.
# ⚓ What_is_DKMS_in_Linux⠀⇛
DKMS or Dynamic Kernel Module Support is a system
that allows discrete kernel modules to update
without the need to modify the entire kernel. It is
free software under GPL v2 and written by Dell’s
Linux Engineering Team. DKMS was initially
developed for Dell Computer Corporation to
distribute software patches to their customers in a
well-defined manner.
# ⚓ Solve_“Error:_Your_php_installation_appears_to_be_missing
the_mysql_extension,_which_is_required_by_wordpress.”⠀⇛
This WordPress tutorial explains how to solve the
error: “Your php installation appears to be missing
the mysql extension which is required by
wordpress.”
After reading this tutorial, you’ll know how to
solve this problem using different methods. Users
may choose to use Cpanel or FTP for some steps;
both ways are explained below.
This article includes screenshots, making it easy
for all WordPress users to follow the steps
described.
# ⚓ How_to_solve_the_Error:_“Wordpress_briefly_unavailable_for
scheduled_maintenance._check_back_in_a_minute.”⠀⇛
This brief tutorial explains how to solve the error
message “Wordpress briefly unavailable for
scheduled maintenance. check back in a minute.”.
The article includes screenshots for each described
step, making it easy for all WordPress-level users
to follow the instructions.
After reading it, you will know how to get your
site back from maintenance mode. You will also
learn how to customize the maintenance mode page
and prevent this from happening again.
# ⚓ Solve_Error:_Sorry,_this_file_type_is_not_permitted_for
security⠀⇛
This WordPress tutorial explains how to solve the
error message “Sorry, this file type is not
permitted for security”.
After reading this article, you will know how to
check if your file is supported and add file
extension exceptions that allow new file types.
All instructions explained in this tutorial include
screenshots for all WordPress level users to be
able to apply them easily.
# ⚓ How_Do_I_Use_Let’s_Encrypt_on_Synology?⠀⇛
Let’s Encrypt is a free certificate authority (CA).
They issue SSL certificates for your domain name
for free.
In this article, I am going to show you how to
generate a Let’s Encrypt SSL certificate and use it
on your Synology NAS. So, let’s get started.
o § Games⠀➾
# ⚓ SteamOS_3.0_Recovery_Image_for_Steam_Deck_Now_Available_for
Download⠀⇛
The official SteamOS 3.0 recovery image for the
Steam Deck is now available for download along with
detailed instructions on how to flash it and the
various recovery options available for performing
various maintenance tasks on the gaming device.
One thing to note here is the fact that this isn’t
the SteamOS 3.0 image you’ve all been waiting for.
This is just a recovery image for Steam Deck owners
in case they want to perform a full factory reset,
reformats the home partitions, make changes to the
boot partition, or reinstall SteamOS on the Steam
Deck.
o § Distributions⠀➾
# § New Releases⠀➾
# ⚓ Freespire:_Freespire_8.2_Released⠀⇛
Today, the Freespire development team is
pleased to announce the release of Freespire
8.2, the latest incremental release for our
FOSS product line.
With a broad application lineup ready for our
users, Freespire 8.2 is the logical
continuation of a great desktop product.
Aside from updates, we have listened to our
users and made several changes. Most
noticeably, we have switched from the GNOME
desktop environment to the latest LTS of
Plasma KDE, 5.18.8. Additionally, many of our
users have requested them, so we have
included the full range of multimedia codecs
for our users to consume / create content in
whatever format they like.
o § Devices/Embedded⠀➾
# ⚓ Banana_Pi_teases_Rockchip_RK3588_SoM_and_development_kit_–
CNX_Software⠀⇛
Banana Pi has showcased its first engineering
samples of a Rockchip RK3588 SoM (system-on-module)
with up to 8GB RAM and 128GB flash, as well as a
development kit with dual Ethernet, three HDMI
ports, SATA interfaces, PCIe interface, and more.
Rockchip RK3588 octa-core Cortex-A76/A55 processor
is the most powerful from the company, both in
terms of CPU and GPU power, but also with a wide
range of high-speed interfaces, and will be found
in the upcoming Radxa ROCK5 single board computer,
and a yet-to-be-announced board from Pine64.
# § Open Hardware/Modding⠀➾
# ⚓ diziet_|_3D_printed_hard_case_for_Fairphone_4⠀⇛
About 4 years ago, I posted about making a 3D
printed case for my then-new phone. The FP2
was already a few years old when I got one
and by now, some spares are unavailable –
which is a problem, because I’m terribly hard
on hardware. Indeed, that’s why I need a very
sturdy case for my phone – a case which can
be ablative when necessary.
# ⚓ Soil_Moisture_Sensor_Coating_Lessons_Learned_The_Hard
Way_|_Hackaday⠀⇛
Ever wanted to measure soil moisture? Common
“soil moisture meter module arduino raspberry
compatible free shipping” PCBs might deceive
you with their ascetic looks. Today, [Raphael
(@rbaron_)] is here to teach us (Twitter,
unrolled) what it takes to build a soil-
embedded sensor that can actually survive
contact with a plant.
# § Mobile Systems/Mobile Applications⠀➾
# ⚓ 15_Android_Secret_Security_Codes_You_Need_to_Know⠀⇛
# ⚓ 14_handy_hidden_features_in_the_Gmail_Android_app_|
Computerworld⠀⇛
# ⚓ What_happened_to_the_Android_One_program?_–_Android
Authority⠀⇛
# ⚓ Two_more_Xperia_smartphones_are_getting_Android_12
updates_–_PhoneArena⠀⇛
# ⚓ Android_app_deals_of_the_day:_Cyberlords_–_Arcology,
more_–_9to5Toys⠀⇛
# ⚓ This_nasty_Android_malware_steals_your_passwords_—
and_it’s_still_in_Google_Play_right_now_|_Tom’s_Guide⠀⇛
# ⚓ Samsung_caught_throttling_Android_apps_on_Galaxy
devices_–_9to5Google⠀⇛
o § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾
# § Web Browsers⠀➾
# § Mozilla⠀➾
# ⚓ As_the_tide_goes_out_at_Mozilla,_they_now_run
full_page_Disney_ads_on_their_Web_site._–
BaronHK’s_Rants⠀⇛
Mozilla is now running full screen ads
for Disney movies.
It gets worse. At the bottom of the
page it has “stickers”, including one
that says “I love Indie Tech”.
Yes, Firefox is very Indie. They rely
on $500 million search deals with
Google for 90% of their funding, and
put ads, crapware, and alerts for a VPN
that they rebranded into the browser,
and they license DRM software….from
Google, which you are obviously not
allowed to have source code for, and
which is impossible to license if you
actually are an independent Web
browser.
(I don’t even think that LibreWolf got
a license from Google for Widevine. I
think they just lie and download it
claiming to be Firefox.)
# ⚓ [Tor] New_Alpha_Release:_Tor_Browser_11.5a5_
(Android)⠀⇛
Tor Browser 11.5a5 is now available
from the Tor Browser download page and
also from our distribution directory.
This version includes important
security updates to Firefox.
# § SaaS/Back End/Databases⠀➾
# ⚓ [Derek Sivers] Generate_unique_random_values_directly
in_the_database⠀⇛
The chance of random clash is very small. But
you need to be completely sure that the new
random string is unique — not already
existing in that column in that table. So
here’s a function where you give it the
string length, table name, and column name.
It will return a random string confirmed to
be unique — to not exist there already. It
gets a random string, searches for it in that
table and column, and if not found, returns
it. Otherwise, if it is found, gets a new
random string and loops back, trying again
until not found.
# § Programming/Development⠀➾
# ⚓ Scala_vs._Java_Compared⠀⇛
Scala and Java are both very popular high-
level languages used in the modern world of
programming. However, Scala was specially
designed to cater to the shortcomings of
Java. In particular, it is designed to be
compact and concise so that the programmer
needs to write a minimal amount of code. Both
these languages have their own areas of
expertise and use-cases. Therefore, it will
be really nice to draw a thorough comparison
between them. In this guide, we will compare
Scala and Java with each other by talking
about their main features, highlighting the
key differences between the two programming
languages, followed by the advantages and
disadvantages of both.
# ⚓ Scala_Flatmap⠀⇛
We have already talked about the usage of
maps in Scala. Therefore, today, we will try
to move one step further by introducing you
to a very useful function of the Scala
programming language, i.e., FlatMap. You
might want to convert a different data
structure to a map at times. Additionally,
you might also want to flatten this map,
i.e., separate out the elements of this map
in the form of distinct characters. In this
guide, we will be talking about the FlatMap
method of the Scala programming language that
will help us convert a given data structure
to a map while flattening its output.
# ⚓ Scala_Collect_Method⠀⇛
The Scala programming language has many
useful built-in functions that you can use
for performing complex programming problems.
Additionally, these functions also help you
carry out routine tasks very efficiently.
This guide will teach you about the Collect
method of the Scala programming language and
its usage on the Ubuntu 20.04 system.
# ⚓ Scala_Case_Class⠀⇛
The Case class in Scala is pretty much like a
regular Scala class but with some additional
functionality. The objects of this class can
be instantiated even without using the “new”
keyword. Moreover, we can conveniently copy
one object of the Case class to another
entirely or even while changing some of the
values of some of the attributes of this
class. This article will be dedicated to
using the Case class in Scala.
# ⚓ Scala_Append_to_list⠀⇛
Scala is becoming a high-level programming
language as it is concise object-oriented and
has different functional programming
languages. A critical distinct about these
functional languages from a structure base is
that we cannot add, modify, or alter any
change in them as functions are immutable,
specific to a Scala list. This section of the
article will introduce and demonstrate the
most common ways and methods to append in the
Scala list.
# ⚓ How_to_Square_a_Number_in_C++⠀⇛
C++ is used to write the bulk of game
libraries. The extension of a C++ file is
“.cc” or “.cpp.” It’s a high-level as well as
a low-level language. C++ was created with a
focus on systems programming, embedded,
resource-constrained software, and big
systems in mind, with performance,
efficiency, and usage flexibility as design
goals. C++ is also effective in various
situations, having particular strengths in
software infrastructure and resource-
constrained applications such as desktop
apps, video games, servers (such as online e-
commerce search).
When we square a number, we simply multiply
it by itself. We have to utilize a header
file if we want to get a square of a number.
Header files allow us to declare a function
with a type placeholder that the compiler
will fill in at compile-time based on how the
function is used.
# ⚓ Is_C++_Hard_to_Learn?⠀⇛
In the field of programming, from browsers to
robots, the C++ language is the core part of
all the software and modern languages. That
is a technique if you want to learn the C++
programming language. C++ is ascended from a
language called C programming language, a
famous low-level language. It was established
by multiple users. Low-level programming
language means a language that is very near
and familiar to the computer’s hardware but
difficult to understand for humans. Also,
this is abstract from the assembly language.
C++ was founded in 1979; at that time, it was
called C with classes, and the goal was to
merge the low-level features of C with the
object-oriented high-level programming
language. The replacement of C was called
C++, with the incremental operator
established in C. From that time, C++ has
advanced into an important language for the
development of applications that depend on
speed processing power, such as autonomous
devices, the internet of things, and video
games.
# ⚓ Warning:_control_reaches_end_of_non-void_function⠀⇛
When we write the programs in C++. After
executing programs, sometimes we get the
error: ‘warning: control reaches the end of
non-void function’, which means that certain
functions that would have to return some
values attain the termination. It might not
give any value later. At this time, it is
good to take a look at whether or not every
control flow contains a return value. To
recognize this fault, we first must recognize
the working of the compiler.
# ⚓ Philip_Chimento:_Comparing_Apples_and_AppleOranges⠀⇛
I’m happy with how Temporal encourages the
programmer to handle these cases. When I went
to try out the comparisons that were
suggested in the original tweet, I found it
was natural to pick either PlainDate or
PlainDateTime to represent the data.
One thing that Temporal could have done
instead (and in fact, we went back and forth
on this a few times before the proposal
reached its currently frozen stage in the JS
standardization process) would be to make the
choice of data type, and therefore of
comparison semantics, more explicit.
# ⚓ [MKWS] mkws.sh_statistics⠀⇛
# ⚓ [SequoiaPGP] sq_stakeholders_interviews:_summary⠀⇛
Last month I was looking for volunteers to be
interviewed as stakeholders for sq. The
interviews happened last week and this is an
anonymized summary of what I was told. I
promised to make the summary anonymous to let
the volunteers speak more freely.
I didn’t have a fixed list of questions.
Instead, we had somewhat free-form
discussions about using cryptography in
general, OpenPGP in particular, practices
around exchanging and authenticating
certificates (public keys), and related
topics.
# § Python⠀➾
# ⚓ Moving_Python’s_bugs_to_GitHub_[LWN.net]⠀⇛
Over the past seven years or so, Python
has slowly been moving its development
infrastructure to GitHub; we covered
some of the early discussions at the
end of 2014. One piece of that
infrastructure, bug tracking, has not
been moved from bugs.python.org, but
plans are underway to make that happen
soon. It is not a simple or
straightforward process to do so,
however, so the transition will take up
to a week to complete; there are a
number of interesting facets to the
switch, as it entails clearing some
technical, and even legal, hurdles.
# ⚓ Python_support_for_regular_expressions_
[LWN.net]⠀⇛
Regular expressions are a common
feature of computer languages,
especially higher-level languages like
Ruby, Perl, Python, and others, for
doing fairly sophisticated text-pattern
matching. Some languages, including
Perl, incorporate regular expressions
into the language itself, while others
have classes or libraries that come
with the language installation.
Python’s standard library has the re
module, which provides facilities for
working with regular expressions; as a
recent discussion on the python-ideas
mailing shows, though, that module has
somewhat fallen by the wayside in
recent times.
# ⚓ Tkinter_Radiobutton⠀⇛
Tkinter radio button widget adds a
multiple-choice button and permits the
user to pick only one option from a
list. Each set of radiobuttons must be
associated with the same variable, and
each button must represent a single
value. To transition from one
radionbutton to another, press the Tab
key.
# ⚓ Tkinter_Change_Label_Text⠀⇛
Text or a picture can be shown on the
screen using the Tkinter label widgets.
Only one typeface can be displayed on a
label. Multiple lines of text are
possible. A label can include any text,
and a window can contain many labels
(just like any widget can be displayed
multiple times in a window). You can
easily change/update the Python Tkinter
label text with the label text
property. Changing the label’s text
property is another way to change the
Tkinter label text. This lesson will
look at modifying label text when a
button is clicked in Tkinter Python.
# § Rust⠀➾
# ⚓ This_Week_In_Rust:_This_Week_in_Rust_432⠀⇛
* § Leftovers⠀➾
o ⚓ [Techdirt] Cities_Are_Turning_To_Automation_To_Enforce_Vehicle
Noise_Ordinances⠀⇛
Automated enforcement may ease the burden on law
enforcement agencies and direct more officers towards
serious crime, but nearly every device given that job has
tended to perform poorly. Red light and speed enforcement
cameras often get things wrong while simultaneously
depriving falsely accused drivers of the opportunity to
confront their accusers. And, because cities directly
benefit from issued tickets, city officials have tinkered
with things like yellow light timing to increase the
number of tickets handed out.
o ⚓ 3D_Printed_Shoes_Make_Bigfoot_Tracks_|_Hackaday⠀⇛
[Stephan Henrich] is probably going to set off a wave of
bigfoot sightings if his new shoe, the Cryptide sneaker
takes off. The shoe is completely 3D printed in flexible
TPE using a laser sintering printer from Sintratec. The
shoe takes a name from cryptozoology and, in fact, would
leave a puzzling footprint due to its articulated toes
and scaly-looking sole.
Judging from the look of the sole, it should be pretty
cushy and we presume if you were 3D printing these, you’d
scan or precisely measure the intended foot for a perfect
fit. You can see a video about the shoe below.
The entire shoe is made from a single material, but
different parts of the shoes have different degrees of
stiffness created by varying the thickness of the TPE.
Apparently, Sintratec is really into shoes since they
also are showcasing the Earth Moc by [Daniel Shirley]. We
wondered why they didn’t print a second shoe for the guy
at the start of that video.
o § Hardware⠀➾
# ⚓ The_Return_Of_SCSI_|_Hackaday⠀⇛
There was a time when high-performance disk drives
used SCSI — the Small Computer System Interface —
and everything else was kid stuff. Now, advanced
forms of SCSI are still around but there are other
high-performing disk interfaces, too. But some old
gear really loves their classic SCSI ports, and
[Adrian] decided to try hooking some of them up to
some modern computers. You can see how he did in
the video below.
The key to the attempt is a USB to SCSI adapter
which was unusual but not unheard of, and [Adrian]
came across one from 1999. Of course, you have to
wonder if a modern computer will support the device
or will be able to load the drivers from the old
CD.
o § Health/Nutrition/Agriculture⠀➾
# ⚓ [Orac] Mark_Sircus:_MMS_(bleach)_for_COVID_“vaccine-induced
cancer”⠀⇛
When last I encountered Mark Sircus, who is an
acupuncturist, practitioner of traditional Chinese
medicine, and the director of the International
Medical Veritas Association, it was in the context
of discussions of the violent rhetoric of the
antivaccine movement, with an article by Sircus
from 2011 serving as one of the earlier examples
that I had written about of an antivaxxer saying,
“string the bastards up.” According to Sircus, the
“bastards” whom he wanted to string up were the
“doctors in white coats” who were injecting
“poisonous heavy metals into babies.”
(Unsurprisingly, the article is no longer on his
website, which is why I had to link to an
Archive.org Wayback Machine version of it.) More
recent encounters with Sircus involved his selling
an e-book advocating “natural allopathic medicine”
(whatever that meant) to treat Ebola and pH
quackery for cancer that he called “voltage
healing.” He’s still touting “Natural Allopathic
Medicine“—now capitalized!—for “cancer, heart and
kidney disease, diabetes as well as for
neurological conditions like Autism, Parkinson’s
and Alzheimer’s diseases,” (because of course he
is)
# ⚓ [Common Dreams] Warren_Demands_Big_Pharma_End_‘Corporate
Price_Gouging’⠀⇛
U.S. Sen. Elizabeth Warren and a dozen of her
colleagues in Congress took aim at Big Pharma on
Tuesday over “troubling price increases for brand-
name drugs in January 2022.”
The lawmakers’ letter to Stephen J. Ubl, president
and CEO of the industry trade group Pharmaceutical
Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA),
highlights the findings of two new analyses and
declares that “Congress and the public deserve an
explanation for how manufacturers have made these
seemingly inexplicable pricing decisions.”
# ⚓ [The Verge] TikTok_faces_investigation_into_its_impact_on
young_people’s_mental_health⠀⇛
TikTok has struggled in the past to meet the needs
of its younger users — it had to pay $5.7 million
to the FTC in 2019 to settle accusations that its
predecessor, Musical.ly, didn’t get proper
permission from the parents of young children who
signed up to use the app. The settlement also
required TikTok to strictly limit how users under
13 could interact with content on the app.
Recently, some researchers sounded the alarm about
how few studies there were that looked into
TikTok’s potential health impacts, despite its
massive user base.
o § Integrity/Availability⠀➾
# § Proprietary⠀➾
# ⚓ [Krebs On Security] Conti_Ransomware_Group_Diaries,
Part_II:_The_Office [Ed: Windows TCO]⠀⇛
Earlier this week, a Ukrainian security
researcher leaked almost two years’ worth of
internal chat logs from Conti, one of the
more rapacious and ruthless ransomware gangs
in operation today. Tuesday’s story examined
how Conti dealt with its own internal
breaches and attacks from private security
firms and governments. In Part II of this
series we’ll explore what it’s like to work
for Conti, as described by the Conti
employees themselves.
# ⚓ [Silicon Angle] Following_cyberattack_on_supplier,
Toyota_halts_production_in_Japan [iophk: Windows TCO]⠀⇛
Toyota Motor Corp. has been forced to halt
manufacturing operations at all of its plants
in Japan after a cyberattack struck a major
component supplier.
The attack targeted Kojima Industries Corp.,
a maker of interior and exterior automotive
parts. The exact form of attack was not
disclosed but is suspected to be ransomware.
Nikkei Asia reported that Kojima said this
morning local time that it had received a
message demanding a ransom and that it had
confirmed the existence of a virus.
# ⚓ [CNN] Cyberattack_on_Toyota’s_supply_chain_shuts_its
14_factories_in_Japan_for_24_hours [iophk: Windows
TCO]⠀⇛
Reports of the powerful malware Emotet being
used have increased since the first week of
February, according to the Japan Computer
Emergency Response Team/Coordination Center,
which provides information on cybersecurity.
Emotet is used to gain access to a victim’s
computer before then downloading additional
malicious software, such as those designed to
steal banking passwords, or ransomware which
can lock a computer until an extortion fee is
paid.
# ⚓ [Computer Weekly] Toyota_production_to_resume_after
supply_chain_attack [iophk: Windows TCO]⠀⇛
The attack took place against the systems of
Kojima Industries, which is contracted to
supply plastics and electronic components to
Toyota. According to Reuters, the firm found
an error on a file server on Saturday 26
February. Following a reboot, it found
malware, and a “threatening message”, which
may indicate it has fallen victim to a
ransomware attack.
# ⚓ Internxt:_Conserv_Your_Files_and_Photos_in_Total
Privacy_and_Security [Ed: Internxt seems to be paying
sites to promote its junk, some proprietary software
which falsely promises security. Best thing is, save
locally, not buzzwords like "Web 3".]⠀⇛
Linux users have plenty of options when it is
about cloud services. Most people use only a
few popular storages like Dropbox, pCloud,
etc. But there are some newly invented cloud
services available that don’t compromise with
privacy and security issues anyway. Internxt
is one of them, and it has already placed a
mark on the list of the best-encrypted cloud
services for its best-in-class security and
encryption system.
After learning about the top-notch features
of this open source cloud service, I planned
to give it a try on my Ubuntu system. And
finally, I am here to share my experience of
using this app. So, let me introduce you to
Internxt first.
# § Security⠀➾
# § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾
# ⚓ [EFF] Victory!_San_Francisco_Mayor
Withdraws_Harmful_Measure_Against
Surveillance_Oversight_Law⠀⇛
The mayor and the San Francisco
Police Department recently used
public fears of crime as
justification to introduce the
proposed ballot initiative, which
would have created massive
exceptions to the ordinance’s
requirement that police get
permission from democratically
elected Supervisors before using
or acquiring any new surveillance
technology. Breed specifically
wanted to allow police unilateral
authority to access networks of
surveillance cameras that they
had previously used, without
Board approval, to spy on
protests in the wake of George
Floyd’s murder. Several members
of the Board of Supervisors
countered this initiative by
offering their own ballot
measure, which would have
strengthened, rather than
undermined, the surveillance
oversight ordinance. Now that the
mayor has pulled her ballot
initiative, the Supervisors have
done the same.
This is a great victory for the
people of San Francisco, who
increasingly realize that when
police are given more and more
power to surveil the public, it
is people of color, the unhoused,
immigrants, and activists who
most often bear the brunt. This
victory would not have been
possible without the diverse and
engaged coalition of dedicated
San Francisco citizens and
activists who wrote to the mayor,
called into Board of Supervisors
meetings, and made their concerns
heard.
EFF and the rest of the coalition
will remain vigilant in the event
that the police, mayor, or any
other entity attempts to roll
back the progress we’ve made in
creating a San Francisco that is
welcoming to all people.
# ⚓ [IT Wire] ABC_iview_logins_may_raise
suspicion_of_privatisation,_says_privacy
body⠀⇛
APF chair David Vaile and deputy
chair Dr Juanita Fernando [below,
right] said in the letter, which
was released on the
organisation’s website on
Wednesday, that forcing users to
log in to use a service which
contained content they had paid
for was creating “a non-voluntary
online identification scheme of
the kind typically justified as
supporting the sale of mass
psychographic profiling
‘insights’ to a platform’s
advertisers”.
The ABC announced the compulsory
logins in a statement on 17
February, claiming that it would
collect user data but would not
sell the same. However, the data
will be shared with both Google
and Facebook.
# ⚓ [The Verge] Twitter_may_be_adding_a
built-in_podcasts_tab⠀⇛
Recorded Spaces are already a bit
like podcasts, albeit only
temporary ones, which only last
30 days. If a Twitter podcast
feature is anything like Spotify
or Apple Podcasts, users would be
able to choose from and listen to
podcasts at their leisure, with
no rush to catch a live Spaces
broadcast or listen to recordings
before time runs out.
o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾
# ⚓ [Counter Punch] Testing_New_Weapon_Systems:_Meaning_of_the
Russian_Military_Intervention_into_Ukraine⠀⇛
This boast of the Russian President Vladimir Putin,
in 2019, with respect to the hypersonic weapons
capacity of the Russian Federation provides one of
the back stories for understanding the present
conflagration that has escalated in the Ukraine
theater of the European war. The Russian
capabilities in relation to Electronic Magnetic
Pulse (EMP) warfare along with the cyberweapons
have never been tested in an all-out military/
information/financial confrontation. The
entanglement of non-nuclear weapons with nuclear
weapons and their enabling capabilities is
exacerbating the risk of a global war, especially
in the face of the US fear of the closer
technological and financial cooperation between
China and Russia. The Ukraine invasion and the
escalation of that war has brought to the forefront
the questions of disarmament so that both the
leaders of NATO and the leaders of the Russian
Federation do not bring humanity to the brink of
violence and deaths that will come out of a
protracted war.
Numerous press reports have drawn attention to the
reality that the United States is threatened by
international opposition to the weaponization of
the dollar. Drawing from the drip drip story of
World War 1, this analysis argues that the
progressive forces and peace elements
internationally must equip themselves with the
knowledge of the information warfare that is being
waged by both NATO and the Russian Federation in a
war between two distinct branches of global
capitalism. It is imperative that sober elements in
the world intervene before this adventure in
Ukraine metastasizes into a greater tragedy for all
humanity. The conclusion will draw from the lessons
of Rosa Luxemburg and those anti militarists who
fought for a new social system and who fought for
the acceleration of the self-determination projects
internationally. The capitalists in Russia are just
as racists, homophobic and Islamophobic as the
white supremacist elements of France, Hungary,
Poland, Britain, Germany, Ukraine and the United
States. A progressive left opposition to the
Russian war in Ukraine must be linked to the anti-
racist and anti-imperialist struggles in the world.
# ⚓ [Common Dreams] Analysis:_Nuclear_Disaster_in_Ukraine_Could
Make_Swaths_of_Europe_‘Uninhabitable_for_Decades’⠀⇛
The international environmental group Greenpeace
warned Wednesday that Russia’s intensifying assault
is placing Ukraine’s nuclear power facilities under
serious threat, risking devastation “far worse even
than the Fukushima Daiichi catastrophe of 2011.”
“For the first time in history, a major war is
being waged in a country with multiple nuclear
reactors and thousands of tons of highly
radioactive spent fuel.”
# ⚓ [Counter Punch] The_USA_Sees_Russia’s_Operation_in_Ukraine
as_Blessing_in_Disguise:_Does_China_See_it_as_Blessing_for
Military_Action_Against_Taiwan?⠀⇛
Every country in the NATO military alliance is
providing billions in anti-tank and anti-aircraft
weapons to the Ukrainians (of course, every country
in the NATO alliance is owned by the United States
which has recently coughed up $850 million for the
cause). Along with those weapons the alliance has
nodded its approval to the world’s mercenaries to
descend on Ukraine getting free passage into
Western Ukraine and transit through countries who
directly border Ukraine. Privatemilitary.org lists
all the private military contractors who are likely
exploring their options in Ukraine.
It is also great news for the West’s defense
contractors who manufacture anti-tank/aircraft,
small arms, landmines, grenades, artillery, radios;
in short, billions in profits will be earned off
the war in eastern Ukraine: there never seems to be
a downside to their businesses.
# ⚓ [TruthOut] Nigerian_Student_Fleeing_War_Describes_Rampant
Racism_Against_Africans_at_Border⠀⇛
# ⚓ [Common Dreams] Opinion_|_JFK’s_Advice_to_Joe_Biden_in
Tough_Times⠀⇛
Dear Mr. President:
# ⚓ [Common Dreams] Across_Ukraine,_Civilians_Rise_Up_to_Face
Down_Russian_Army⠀⇛
As Russia intensifies its deadly assault on
Ukraine, civilians throughout the country are
putting their lives on the line to slow the advance
of invading troops and tanks.
“You can see videos or reports of people
protesting, people blocking roads, and people
calling on soldiers to leave.”
# ⚓ [Common Dreams] Opinion_|_How_We_are_Fighting_the_War
Machine_Locally⠀⇛
Imperialism is a large issue to take on as student
activists. We sometimes feel like we only have
access to small levers at the city level, and then
even smaller levers at the university to enact
change. For anti-war groups like mine in Chicago,
we’ve had to get creative about how we address
imperialism locally. For us, it has meant taking on
war profiteers in our own city.
# ⚓ [The Nation] Media_Malpractice_and_Information_War_in
Ukraine⠀⇛
As much of the world rallies behind Ukrainians
defending their country against a Russian invasion,
mainstream news outlets and social media in the
United States and elsewhere have been awash in
tales of Ukrainian heroism. The Ukrainian defense
against a much larger force has indeed been
inspiring, but all conflicts include informational
warfare—from all sides. Some of the most widely
shared images and stories of Ukrainian resistance
have fallen apart under scrutiny or in the face of
subsequent reporting, yet many who are rightly
skeptical of Russian claims are displaying very
little caution about pronouncements from the other
side, leading to a wave of credulous media coverage
that serves to propagandize more than illuminate.
# ⚓ [The Nation] The_Riddle_of_Zoomer_Politics⠀⇛
Young people today “can be this century’s ‘Greatest
Generation,’” according to pollster John Della
Volpe, who predicts that Generation Z “will change
America more than growing up in America will change
them.” Gen Z, by his estimation, is so politically
powerful that he credits them with Donald Trump’s
2020 defeat; they’re also “why Mitch McConnell is
no longer Senate majority leader.” They are
singularly dedicated to change—no other age group
can compare: “Never before has a generation been so
devoted to serving justice and solving the
underlying issues that hold so many in America back
from pursuing their best lives.”
# ⚓ [Democracy Now] Filipino_Scholar_Walden_Bello_on_Why_the
Global_South_Is_Suspicious_of_U.S._Motives_in_Ukraine_War⠀⇛
We speak with acclaimed Filipino scholar and
activist Walden Bello on the Global South’s
response to the unfolding crisis in Ukraine. Bello
says there’s hesitation from many world leaders to
take an active role in the crisis, arguing that
there is a lack of explicit national interests and
a general suspicion the U.S. provoked the invasion
to take advantage of the subsequent backlash
against Russia. He says people in the Global South
realize that ever since the Soviet Union fell
apart, ”NATO and the U.S. tried to take advantage
of it in an aggressive eastward expansion of NATO
right onto the countries that would border the
Soviet Union.” Bello also expresses fear the U.S.
may try to stoke tensions with China over Taiwan,
saying, “China’s not interested at this point in
any sort of military conflict that would jeopardize
what is its big reputation right now of peaceful
economic diplomacy.”
# ⚓ [Democracy Now] As_Biden_Touts_Anti-Russia_Response_in
SOTU,_U.S._Remains_Addicted_to_Fossil_Fuels_That_Drive_War⠀⇛
We discuss President Biden’s first State of the
Union address with Jacobin magazine’s Branko
Marcetic, who says Biden should have focused more
of his speech on laying out goals to reach
renewable energy independence since the continued
reliance by the U.S. on the oil and gas reserves of
countries like Russia and Saudi Arabia gives those
countries “relative freedom” to commit war crimes
on the world stage. He says the task ahead is to
“both avoid military escalation” and “try and get a
ceasefire agreed to as soon as possible.”
Marcetic’s latest piece is headlined “Four Ways to
Counter Russian Aggression That Don’t Risk Nuclear
War.”
# ⚓ [TruthOut] AOC_Says_US_Should_Treat_All_Asylum_Seekers_How
We_Treat_Ukrainian_Refugees⠀⇛
# ⚓ [Common Dreams] ‘The_World_Is_With_Us,’_Says_Zelenskyy
After_UN_Members_Vote_to_Condemn_Putin_Invasion⠀⇛
The United Nations General Assembly on Wednesday
voted overwhelmingly in favor of a nonbinding
resolution condemning Russia’s invasion of Ukraine
and demanding an immediate withdrawal of troops
from the country.
Voting took place during the General Assembly’s
first emergency meeting since 1997.
# ⚓ [Common Dreams] Opinion_|_Will_Ukraine_Be_the_Graveyard_of
Putinism?⠀⇛
The last surviving member of the International
Brigades that fought the fascists in Spain in the
1930s died last year at the age of 101. Josep
Almudéver Mateu, born in France, remembered going
into battle without any ammunition for his gun.
Five kilometers into his march to the front, he was
finally able to cadge 10 bullets. It was nowhere
near enough. Wounded and then forced underground,
Mateu ended up spending three years in Spanish
concentration camps and prisons. The fascists, led
by Francisco Franco, went on to rule the country
for nearly four decades.
# ⚓ [Counter Punch] Russian_Takeover_of_Chernobyl_Poses_Grave
Health_Threat⠀⇛
For the first time, a war is being fought in a
nation with nuclear power reactors.
Ukraine is home to the Chernobyl Reactor No. 4,
which underwent a disastrous meltdown in 1986.
Although the plant is no longer operating, a
massive amount of radioactive waste is contained in
a concrete building (called the New Safe
Confinement) subsequently built over it.
# ⚓ [Counter Punch] Ukraine_Maps_Tell_a_Different_Story_Than
Putin’s_Claims⠀⇛
These two maps show how Putin got it wrong, and
miscalculated in launching his war against Ukraine.
Putin claims that two of his war aims are the
“denazification” of Ukraine, and the protection of
the Russian-speaking population from far-right
Ukrainian ultranationalists.
Like most “Big Lies,” there is a kernel of truth
behind the claims. After the 2014 Maidan
revolution, I raised alarms about fascist influence
in the Ukraine’s new government, asserting that
“the enemy of your enemy is not always your
friend.”
# ⚓ [Counter Punch] How_the_U.S._Started_a_Cold_War_with_Russia
and_Left_Ukraine_to_Fight_It⠀⇛
But there is a more insidious reality at work
beneath the surface of this classic morality play,
and that is the role of the United States and NATO
in setting the stage for this crisis.
President Biden has called the Russian invasion
“unprovoked,” but that is far from the truth. In
the four days leading up to the invasion, ceasefire
monitors from the Organization for Security and
Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) documented a dangerous
increase in ceasefire violations in Eastern
Ukraine, with 5,667 violations and 4,093
explosions.
# ⚓ [Counter Punch] The_Courage_of_Russian_Antiwar_Activists_is
Putting_Many_Western_Leftists_to_Shame⠀⇛
Putin is no socialist. His political party, United
Russia, is a reactionary and far right, and it
dominates the executive branch and the Duma
(legislative). He is a classic authoritarian
strongman with little tolerance for dissent.
What is interesting to note is that despite the UR
being the dominant political party, communists have
been gaining more sympathy in recent years and
there is a marked longing for the days of the USSR
where at least in its hay day most Russians had
reliable work, good educational opportunities,
housing, paid holidays and a decent living
standard. Today, the poverty rate has been rising
steadily while population declines, leaving a lot
of elderly Russians in a bad state. And, like the
United States, powerful and wealthy oligarchs run
the economy to the benefit of their coffers.
# ⚓ [Counter Punch] Upending_the_Global_Order⠀⇛
And on the fourth day of Russia’s invasion of
neighboring Ukraine Sunday, its president, Vladimir
Putin, served notice he had put his nuclear defense
forces on high alert because of “aggressive
statements” by the West.
Escalating a conventional conflict to potential
nuclear status is not a good sign.Putin is
“potentially putting in play forces that, if
there’s a miscalculation, could make things much,
much more dangerous,” a senior U.S. defense
official told the Associated Press.
# ⚓ [Counter Punch] How_the_Narcotic_of_Defense_Spending
Undermines_a_Sensible_Grand_Strategy⠀⇛
It is no accident that the United States is on the
cusp of the Second Cold War.
Future historians may well view the last 30 years
as a case study in the institutional survival of
the American Military – Industrial – Congressional
Complex (MICC), together with its supporting blob
now saturating the media, think tanks, academia,
and the intelligence community. Perhaps, these
future historians will come also to view the Global
War on Terror (GWOT) as the bridging operation that
greased the transition to Cold War II by keeping
defense budgets at Cold War levels after Cold War I
ended. Also, 9-11 may have re-acclimated the
American people to the climate of fear now needed
to sustain Cold War II for the remainder of the
21st Century.
# ⚓ [Counter Punch] Syria’s_War_Comes_to_Ukraine⠀⇛
# ⚓ [Mint Press News] It’s_Different,_They’re_White:_Media
Ignore_Conflicts_Around_the_World_to_Focus_on_Ukraine⠀⇛
KIEV, UKRAINE — We are living in dangerous times.
All around the world, intense military actions are
taking place. Last week alone, Russia launched a
huge military invasion of Ukraine; Saudi Arabia
carried out dozens of strikes on Yemen; Israel
launched a wave of deadly missile attacks against
Syria; and the United States restarted its bombing
campaign in Somalia.
# ⚓ [Mint Press News] Tears_for_Ukraine,_Sanctions_for_Russia,
Yawns_for_Yemen,_Arms_for_Saudis:_The_West’s_Grotesque_Double
Standard⠀⇛
HAJJAH, YEMEN – “We’re brutally bombed every day.
So why doesn’t the Western world care like it does
about Ukraine?!!… Is it because we don’t have
blonde hair and blue eyes like Ukrainians?” Ahmed
Tamri, a Yemeni father of four, asked with furrowed
brows about the outpouring of international support
and media coverage of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine
and the lack of such a reaction to the war in
Yemen.
# ⚓ [Democracy Now] “Ukrainians_Only”:_Nigerian_Student_Fleeing
War_Describes_Rampant_Racism_Against_Africans_at_Border⠀⇛
The United Nations reports more than 800,000 people
have fled Ukraine since Russia attacked last week,
but many foreign nationals trying to escape have
described racist discrimination and abuse, saying
they were turned away from buses and at the border,
while Ukrainians were welcomed with open arms. We
speak with one of the African students who
documented their experiences on Twitter with the
hashtag #AfricansInUkraine. Nigerian student
Alexander Somto Orah says the discriminatory
treatment he and other African students faced
started at the train station in Kyiv and continued
at the border with Poland. “We started protesting
and telling them they have to let us go, that this
is rubbish. They take in like a hundred Ukrainians
and then take in like two Africans. It doesn’t make
sense, because there are more Africans there than
Ukrainians at the border,” Orah recalls. “So we
started pushing, and the police cocked their guns
and pointed at us guns and told us that they’re
going to shoot us.” Orah eventually made his way to
Warsaw and is now helping other students to cross.
# ⚓ [Common Dreams] Opinion_|_My_Letter_From_Kyiv_to_the_‘Anti-
Imperialist_Idiots’_in_the_West⠀⇛
The following letter, written from Kyiv, Ukraine,
was published on February 25, 2022:
# ⚓ [Common Dreams] ‘Manifest_Violation’_of_UN_Charter:_Amnesty
Decries_Russia_Invasion⠀⇛
Amnesty International said Tuesday that Russia’s
invasion of Ukraine amounted to “a manifest
violation of the United Nations Charter” and urged
U.N. member states against letting Moscow “push the
world closer toward an abyss of violence.”
“There are long-lasting consequences from this for
us all.”
# ⚓ [Common Dreams] Russians_Fire_on_Ukraine_Civilians_Blocking
Road_to_Nuclear_Plant⠀⇛
Video footage from the ground Wednesday showed
Russian forces firing on ordinary Ukrainians who
were blocking a road with their bodies and
makeshift barricades in the town of Enerhodar in an
effort to prevent Russian troops from advancing on
the Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant, the largest
nuclear power facility in all of Europe.
Earlier footage posted on social media and
circulated by news outlets showed hundreds of
residents and plant employees rallying in the
street in the eastern Ukraine town in a show of
defiance as Russian troops reportedly seized
control of the territory surrounding the
Zaporizhzhia complex, which contains six of
Ukraine’s 15 nuclear energy reactors.
# ⚓ [Common Dreams] Opinion_|_On_the_Right_Side_of_Ukrainian
History⠀⇛
When I walked to my car on Saturday afternoon, I
noticed that my neighbors were displaying a large
Ukrainian flag on their front porch. Because the
family is of South Asian descent, my assumption was
that they probably had no direct stake in Russia’s
invasion of the second-biggest country in Europe,
but I could be wrong.
# ⚓ [Democracy Now] Nonviolence_Int’l_in_Kyiv:_Resistance
Mounts_to_Russian_Invasion_as_2,000_Civilian_Deaths
Reported⠀⇛
As a massive Russian military convoy approaches
Kyiv while Russia intensifies attacks on civilian
infrastructure across Ukraine, we get an update
from Andre Kamenshikov, Ukraine director for
Nonviolence International in the southern Kyiv
suburbs. He says “people are holding out, and I
think there is growing confidence that the Russian
forces will not be able to take the city.” He also
says Russian President Putin is using the threat of
NATO as propaganda to increase domestic public
support of the war, and discusses why he won’t be
taking up arms as a nonviolent activist.
# ⚓ [FAIR] Western_Media_Accuse_China_of_Wanting_to_Do_What_US
Does_to_Other_Countries⠀⇛
A flurry of recent newspaper articles have
denounced what they describe as Chinese
imperialism. Such texts are part of a new Cold War
media blitz against China that simultaneously
serves US imperialism by blessing it or denying
that it exists.
# ⚓ [Meduza] A_brief_history_of_the_Donbas_War,_in_photos
American_Brendan_Hoffman_captures_eight_years_of_life_along
the_contact_line_in_eastern_Ukraine⠀⇛
War came to Ukraine’s Donbas region in the spring
of 2014, after some residents in the country’s east
refused to accept the revolutionary change of power
in Kyiv. In April of that year, pro-Russian
protesters in Donetsk, Luhansk, and Kharkiv
declared the formation of “people’s republics”
independent from Ukraine. Kyiv quickly regained
control of Kharkiv, but a full-fledged war broke
out in the Donetsk and Luhansk regions, with Russia
providing explicit and tacit support to the
“people’s republics” — including in the form of
material and military aid. The “hot” phase of the
conflict formally ended with the signing of the
Minsk agreements in February 2015, although clashes
and shelling continued. For seven years thereafter,
the conflict seemed “frozen” — a common phenomenon
in global politics. Throughout this period,
American photographer Brendan Hoffman captured both
civilians and combatants who found themselves on
different sides of the conflict. Meduza shares his
snapshots here.
# ⚓ [Meduza] ‘We_told_ourselves_it_wasn’t_shelling’_The_early
days_of_Russia’s_invasion_through_the_eyes_of_Odesa’s
residents⠀⇛
Odesa was among the first cities hit on February
24, when Russia began its full-scale invasion of
Ukraine. The city has been continually shelled
since the outbreak of hostilities. Prior to
announcing the invasion, Vladimir Putin vowed to
punish those responsible for the bloodshed at
Odesa’s Trade Unions House in 2014. Now, Odesa
residents are seeking safety in bomb shelters and
are enlisting in territorial defense groups. In a
report for Meduza, local journalist Mikhail Shtekel
shares stories of the early days of the fighting in
Odesa from the people living through it.
# ⚓ [Meduza] The_war:_day_six:_Photos_of_Russia’s_attacks_on
Ukraine_in_Kyiv_and_Kharkiv⠀⇛
On the sixth day of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine,
Russian forces intensified their artillery
bombardment of Kharkiv and Kyiv. The Ukrainian side
reported dozens of civilian casualties. Russian
troops continued to encircle Kyiv, while barricades
were built in the city and preparations made for
its defense. President Volodymyr Zelensky applied
for the rapid accession of Ukraine to the European
Union, and the heads of eight EU countries called
for Ukraine to be a candidate country.
# ⚓ [Meduza] Why_no_mass_protests_in_Russia?_Sociologist
Grigory_Yudin_demonstrated_against_the_invasion_and_ended_up
in_the_hospital._He_says_we’re_living_in_a_new_era.⠀⇛
On February 24, Russia began a war with Ukraine. On
that same day, protests broke out all over Russia.
It is difficult to call them mass demonstrations in
any real sense, although ultimately almost 6,500
people were arrested (in Russia, street gatherings
of this type are practically forbidden, with the
authorities persecuting even individuals who picket
alone). Sociologist Grigory Yudin, too, was
arrested and ended up hospitalized following an
anti-war protest in Moscow. Meduza special
correspondent Svetlana Reiter discussed with Yudin
why it doesn’t make sense to call protests in
Russia “small” — and why he thinks scholars have to
take a principled stand.
# ⚓ [TruthOut] Prioritize_Peace_and_Humanitarian_Aid_for
Ukraine_Over_Weapons,_Say_Analysts⠀⇛
# ⚓ [TruthOut] Arms_Industry_Sees_Ukraine_Conflict_as_an
Opportunity,_Not_a_Crisis⠀⇛
# ⚓ [Hungary] Hungarian_opposition_protests_in_front_of_Russian
“spy_bank”_in_Budapest⠀⇛
Translation by Andrea Horváth Kávai.
# ⚓ [Rolling Stone] Oath_Keepers_Prepared_for_Bloody_Battle_at
White_House_to_Keep_Trump_in_Office⠀⇛
The 15-page statement of facts that James signed in
relation to his crime alleges that the Oath Keepers
were told to prepare for bloodshed at the White
House. “In the weeks leading up to January 6,
2021,” the document reads, “Rhodes instructed James
and other co-conspirators to be prepared, if called
upon, to report to the White House grounds to
secure the perimeter and use lethal force if
necessary against anyone who tried to remove
President Trump from the White House, including the
National Guard or other government actors who might
be sent to remove President Trump as a result of
the Presidential Election.”
# ⚓ [ABC] Oath_Keeper_is_1st_to_plead_guilty_to_seditious
conspiracy_for_Jan._6,_will_cooperate_with_prosecutors⠀⇛
Joshua James, 34, of Arab, Alabama, pleaded guilty
to seditious conspiracy charges on Wednesday as
part of deal with prosecutors contingent on his
cooperation with the U.S. government in their
ongoing prosecution of defendants who were involved
in the Jan. 6 attack on the U.S. Capitol.
The plea deal is the first of its kind for a Jan. 6
defendant and comes nearly a year after James was
charged with impeding and obstructing Congress’
affirmation of the Electoral College vote in the
2020 presidential election.
# ⚓ Tools_for_Communicating_Offline_and_in_Difficult
Circumstances⠀⇛
When things are difficult – maybe there’s been a
disaster, or an invasion (this page is being
written in 2022 just after Russia invaded Ukraine),
or maybe you’re just backpacking off the grid –
there are tools that can help you keep in touch, or
move your data around. This page aims to survey
some of them, roughly in order from easiest to more
complex.
[...]
Yggdrasil is a self-healing, fully end-to-end
Encrypted Mesh Network. It can work among local
devices or on the global Internet. It has network
services that can egress onto things like Tor, I2P,
and the public Internet. Yggdrasil makes a perfect
companion to ad-hoc wifi as it has auto peer
discovery on the local network.
I talked about it in more detail in my blog post
Make the Internet Yours Again With an Instant Mesh
Network.
o § Transparency/Investigative Reporting⠀➾
# ⚓ [Rolling Stone] A_Journalist_Flees_Kharkiv,_Leaving_Death
and_Destruction_Behind⠀⇛
Another blast went off further away. “Go, go, go,
go!” We piled back into the car, waving for the
Telegraph team to take the lead. We followed them
out of the city, seemingly driving both too slow
and too fast, weaving around potholes. We passed
people walking calmly down the street, inured to
the shells because they had no choice but to go
about their lives. They could not leave with us,
the Western press, fleeing from a city that
appeared to be on the verge of collapse.
o § Environment⠀➾
# ⚓ [RTL] UN_takes_‘historic’_step_toward_global_treaty_on
plastic_trash⠀⇛
The United Nations on Wednesday agreed to start
negotiating a world-first global treaty on plastic
pollution in what has been hailed as a watershed
moment for the planet.
Nearly 200 nations at the UN Environment Assembly
in Nairobi unanimously agreed to create an
intergovernmental committee to negotiate and
finalise a legally binding plastics treaty by 2024.
# ⚓ [NBC] Americans_agree_climate_change_is_an_issue_—_but
differ_on_what_to_do⠀⇛
Three-quarters of Americans believe the U.S. ought
to participate in international efforts to address
climate change, but a majority remain pessimistic
about those efforts.
A Pew Research Center poll published Tuesday found
that 53 percent of those surveyed didn’t think the
world would avoid climate change’s worst impacts.
That grim sentiment cut across party lines.
# ⚓ [DeSmog] Leading_Climate_Research_Publisher_Helps_Fuel_Oil
and_Gas_Drilling⠀⇛
By Amy Westervelt, the Guardian. This article
by the Guardian is republished here as part of the
global journalism collaboration Covering Climate
Now.
# ⚓ [DeSmog] Tory_MP_Leading_Net_Zero_Backlash_is_Linked_to
Lobbyist_With_Hidden_Fossil_Fuel_Interest⠀⇛
The chair of a campaign by backbench Tory MPs
against climate action runs a parliamentary group
with a lobbyist who has an undeclared interest in
the continued use of fossil fuel-powered vehicles,
DeSmog can reveal.
Craig Mackinlay runs an All-Party Parliamentary
Group (APPG) with Howard Cox, a regular Sun
columnist and vocal critic of green transport
policies, whose haulage industry-funded FairFuelUK
campaign boasts of having kept fuel duty frozen for
the past 12 years.
# ⚓ [The Revelator] A_Historic_Chance_to_Protect_America’s
Free-Flowing_Rivers⠀⇛
# ⚓ [Common Dreams] Climate_Movement_Announces_Global_Rallies
to_Demand_End_of_War_in_Ukraine⠀⇛
Youth climate movement Fridays for Future announced
Wednesday a series of global solidarity strikes to
demand an end to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and
denounce fossil fuel-based economic systems they
say lead to such wars.
The first such strikes are slated to take place
Thursday, March 3, and have already been scheduled
in over 50 cities from Warsaw, Poland to Abuja,
Nigeria to Washington, D.C.
# ⚓ [Common Dreams] Manchin_Floats_Watered-Down_Bill_on
Climate,_Drug_Prices,_and_Taxes⠀⇛
Democratic Sen. Joe Manchin on Wednesday signaled
that despite sabotaging his party’s Build Back
Better bill, he is still open to passing a package
that helps combat the climate emergency, lowers
prescription drug prices, and reforms the tax code
so rich individuals and corporations pay what he
called “their fair share.”
“If Sen. Manchin wants to raise taxes on wealthy
Americans and corporations, then Democrats should
take him up on that offer.”
# ⚓ [Common Dreams] Opinion_|_Conflict_and_Climate_Change:_Is
This_the_New_Normal?⠀⇛
The egregious situation that has been inflicted on
the people of Ukraine by the kleptocratic egotist
Vladimir Putin has provided yet another opportunity
for humanity to change course. The man is funded by
fossil fuel giant Gazprom, who provide 36% of his
budget, and the world clearly needs to end its
dependence on petro state authoritarians,
including Saudi Arabia, who are waging a war
against Yemen with U.S. oil dollars and western
weapons. Unfortunately, in reaction to the Ukraine
situation, fossil fuel companies plan to expand
production elsewhere to take up the slack from
Gazprom when we all know that the answer is a rapid
transition to renewables.
# ⚓ [Counter Punch] Farmers_are_Overusing_Insecticide-Coated
Seeds,_with_Mounting_Harmful_Effects_on_Nature⠀⇛
Almost every field corn seed planted this year in
the United States will be coated with
neonicotinoids, the most widely used class of
insecticides in the world. So will seeds for about
half of U.S. soybeans and nearly all cotton, along
with other crops. By my estimate, based on acres
planted in 2021, neonicotinoids will be deployed
across at least 150 million acres of cropland – an
area about the size of Texas.
Neonicotinoids, among the most effective
insecticides ever developed, are able to kill
insects at concentrations that often are just a few
parts per billion. That’s equivalent to a pinch of
salt in 10 tons of potato chips. Compared with
older classes of insecticides, they appear to be
relatively less toxic to vertebrates, especially
mammals.
# ⚓ [TruthOut] Youth_Climate_Activists:_Our_Answer_to_War_Must
Be_Radical_Exit_From_Fossil_Fuel⠀⇛
# ⚓ [Common Dreams] 175_Nations_to_Agree_on_‘Historic’_Plastic
Pollution_Treaty⠀⇛
The vast majority of the world’s countries agreed
Wednesday to forge a legally-binding global treaty
restricting plastic pollution, in a move one
official said demonstrated “multilateral
cooperation at its best.”
Negotiators representing 175 nations met over the
past week in Nairobi, Kenya to discuss a joint
proposal originally presented by Rwandan and
Peruvian representatives.
# ⚓ [Counter Punch] A_Sea_of_Trouble:_Seabed_Mining_and
International_Arbitration_in_Mexico⠀⇛
# § Energy⠀➾
# ⚓ [Copenhagen Post] Nord_Stream_2_files_for
bankruptcy⠀⇛
The Swiss-based company behind the 75 billion
kroner Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline has filed
for bankruptcy and fired all of its employees
following western sanctions, according to
Swiss radio broadcaster SRF.
Nord Stream 2 AG, which is owned by the
Russian state-owned gas giant Gazprom, is
looking to settle its bankruptcy claims ahead
of a US sanction deadline that will bar other
entities from dealing with it.
# § Wildlife/Nature⠀➾
# ⚓ [Counter Punch] Infinite_Longing,_Demarcated_Bodies⠀⇛
o § Finance⠀➾
# ⚓ [Counter Punch] The_Idle_Plutocracy:_How_Did_Flying_Cars
Become_the_Next_Big_Thing?⠀⇛
o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾
# ⚓ [Common Dreams] Immigrant_Youth_Hold_Rally_Demanding_Biden
End_All_Deportations⠀⇛
A day after President Joe Biden’s State of the
Union address, immigrant youth from across the U.S.
rallied outside the White House on Wednesday,
demanding an end to all deportations.
Organized by United We Dream—the largest immigrant
youth-led group in the country—activists at the
rally drew attention to the president’s failed
immigration policies and unveiled a banner
acknowledging the over two million people who have
been deported or expelled under the Biden
administration.
# ⚓ [Common Dreams] Tlaib_Says_Democrats_Must_Elect_‘Next
Generation_of_Working_Class_Champions’⠀⇛
Responding to President Joe Biden’s State of the
Union address Tuesday night, Rep. Rashida Tlaib
echoed the president’s own call for new investments
in working families, emphasizing that the past year
has shown Biden’s “visionary” economic agenda will
only be realized if Democrats elect more lawmakers
who will prioritize people over corporate profits.
In his address to Congress, Biden did not mention
the stalled Build Back Better Act by name but spoke
about the need to cut child care costs for families
and extend the expanded Child Tax Credit, pass paid
family leave, allow Medicare to negotiate lower
drug prices, and pass other provisions contained in
the bill.
# ⚓ [Counter Punch] We’re_Being_Fed_the_Same_Old_“Energy
Independence”_Scam_Again⠀⇛
# ⚓ [Counter Punch] War,_Peace,_Space,_and_Time⠀⇛
But these people will be dead. And for no reason.
Are the dead really the victors? In whose eyes? We
aren’t God. Who could be impressed by Biden and
Blinken predicting the war? Where was the effort to
prevent it? While Russia is demonstrating
imperialism isn’t uniquely American the unique
American deceit that persists is that leadership
comes with all the power and none of the
responsibility.
There are no victories in war. Only death and
destruction. Anyone who sees the Ukrainians as all
good and the Russians as all evil ignores that on
both sides most people are coerced into risking
their lives. All such conflicts come from
disagreements between powerful people.
# ⚓ [TruthOut] Rashida_Tlaib_Delivers_Progressive_Response_to
Biden’s_State_of_the_Union⠀⇛
# ⚓ [Counter Punch] Fascism_is_a_Movement,_Not_Just_a_Man⠀⇛
The reasons for the ascent of this element in US
politics are arguably many in number, but the
essential element in virtually every explanation
provided in DiMaggio’s study is white supremacy and
the supremacists’ fear of losing it. Demographics
make it clear that the United States will be a
nation composed of people who do not consider
themselves white in a few decades. To put it
succinctly: this scares the hell out of many US
citizens who do consider themselves white. This
element of the population has always had a certain
power in US politics. Indeed, it can be safely
stated that it is that element that wrote some of
the most recalcitrant parts of the US Constitution;
recalcitrant because courts have upheld certain
racist interpretations of US law more often than
otherwise. The consequence of this is that in 2022
civil rights activists find themselves fighting to
protect the right of every adult US citizen to
vote.
Yes, a battle that most citizens believed resolved
fifty years ago is being fought once again, in
large part because the Voting Rights Act that ended
restrictions based on skin color and income in the
1960s was struck down by the Supreme Court in 2013.
According to the court, it was no longer needed
because people were no longer being prevented from
voting based on those reasons. Of course, once the
law was invalid, the successors of the white
supremacists who passed the legislation struck down
by the Voting Rights Act got back to work creating
ways to prevent Black voters from voting. They know
that curtailing voting rights is the only way they
can stay in power and enforce their racist agenda.
# ⚓ [Counter Punch] It’s_Kerouac_Time_Again:_Jack_Meets_Joe
McCarthy⠀⇛
One essay that has never been published, not even
in a volume titled The Unknown Kerouac is about the
Army-McCarthy which were televised in 1954 and that
held the nation’s rapt attention week after week.
Kerouac watched the hearings, took notes and typed
them up. They’re in the Kerouac collection at the
New York Public Library on 42nd Street. I’ve read
them and found them fascinating and troubling, too.
Kerouac never met McCarthy face-to-face; their
encounter was only “virtual,” though in 1954 the
word wasn’t used as it is today.
Kerouac’s notes on the Army-McCarthy show how
challenging it is to pinpoint Kerouac politically.
During his lifetime, he was all over the
ideological map, attending communist party meetings
in the 1940s and expressing a desire to join his
Russian comrades and fight against fascism. “Had a
little discussion with a few Reds,” he wrote in
April 1941.The following year, he told a young
woman, “I wish to take part in this war, not
because I want to kill anyone, but for a reason
directly opposed to killing—the Brotherhood. To be
with my American brothers, for that matter, my
Russian brothers.” Joe McCarthy would have called
him a “fellow traveler,” a “pinko” and a “Commie
symp.”
# ⚓ [TruthOut] Biden’s_Immigration_“Fix”_Involves_Jailing
Migrants_in_Their_Homes⠀⇛
# ⚓ [Common Dreams] ‘The_Fight_Goes_On’:_Cisneros_Supporters
Prepare_for_Runoff⠀⇛
“It’s clear that voters are tired of corporate-
backed politicians like Henry Cuellar who don’t
work for them.”
“We’ll be focused on talking to South Texas voters
about how Jessica is going to fight for healthcare
for all, create good-paying union jobs, and a
humane immigration system.”
# ⚓ [Common Dreams] Progressives_Urge_Biden_to_Use_Executive
Power_to_‘Deliver_for_the_People’⠀⇛
Following President Joe Biden’s first State of the
Union address on Tuesday night, a chorus of
progressive lawmakers and advocacy
groups—frustrated that Biden’s legislative agenda
has ground to a halt thanks to opposition from the
GOP and a handful of corporate Democrats—urged the
White House to use its executive authority to the
fullest possible extent to improve the lives of
working people and secure a livable planet.
“While we continue building support in Congress,
President Biden can use his executive power to take
action right now to deliver for the people.”
# ⚓ [Common Dreams] Progressives_Applaud_as_Casar_Wins_Big,
Cisneros_Forces_Runoff_With_Cuellar⠀⇛
Former Austin City Council member Greg Casar
handily won the Democratic primary for an open seat
in Texas’ 35th Congressional District on Tuesday
while progressive immigration attorney Jessica
Cisneros forced Rep. Henry Cuellar—a corporate-
funded Democrat under FBI investigation—into a
runoff contest in the state’s 28th district.
“Our campaign has built a movement of working
people, from San Antonio to Austin, who are ready
to fight.”
# ⚓ [TruthOut] Democratic_Socialist_Greg_Casar_Wins_Primary_in
Progressive_Texas_District⠀⇛
# ⚓ [The Nation] Build_Back_Never⠀⇛
In 2021, when President Joe Biden delivered his
first joint address to Congress, in-person
attendance was drastically cut back, capping the
number of attendees at 200. This year, Capitol Hill
dropped its mask mandate ahead of the speech and
invited all 535 members of Congress to attend the
State of the Union address. But the changes didn’t
make the scene feel any less strange. Lawmakers
still couldn’t bring guests. Some announced
“virtual” guests, who would watch the address from
home while their hosts watched from the House
chamber.
# ⚓ [Counter Punch] Joe_Manchin’s_America:_the_Resurgence_of
the_“Culture_of_Poverty”_Debate⠀⇛
Paired with Manchin’s moralizing and obstruction
when it comes to President Biden’s Build Back
Better Bill because he “cannot accept our economy,
or basically our society, moving towards an
entitlement mentality,” his new legislation is more
evidence that he privileges rich donors over actual
constituents in West Virginia and is truly willing
to punish the poor. He’s claimed that families in
his state would use money from the Child Tax Credit
to buy drugs, that work requirements rather than
more resources will lift poor kids out of poverty,
and that, as the Huffington Post reported,
“Americans would fraudulently use the proposed paid
sick leave policy, specifically saying people would
feign being sick and go on hunting trips.”
All of this represents a painful return to the
“culture of poverty” debates of the 1960s. Indeed,
despite being discredited by scholars and poverty
experts over and over since its invention, such
anti-poor propaganda seems to rear its head
whenever popular opinion and public action might
actually lead to improvements in the lives of poor
and low-income people.
# ⚓ [The Nation] “Culture_of_Poverty”_Is_a_Made-Up_Concept⠀⇛
As if killing the Child Tax Credit, blocking voting
rights, gutting key climate legislation, and
refusing living wages wasn’t enough, West Virginia
Democratic Senator Joe Manchin is now promoting
legislation that further punishes the poor and
marginalized. Along with Florida Republican Senator
Marco Rubio, he’s introduced the PIPES Act, which
undercuts key harm-reduction funding from the
Department of Health and Human Services. It arrives
with a media campaign launched by Fox News and
other conservative outlets pushing bogus claims
that the Biden administration is using government
funds to buy “crack pipes,” tapping into a decades-
long campaign to scapegoat vulnerable populations
rather than address the root causes of the
unconscionable conditions under which they live.
# ⚓ [The Nation] Black_Lily⠀⇛
# ⚓ [The Nation] Why_Gerrymandering_Keeps_Me_Up_at_Night⠀⇛
With the November midterm elections looming and the
announcement of more and more Democrats’ deciding
not to run for reelection, I have grave concerns
about the balance of power in Congress and, quite
frankly, our democracy. The Republican Party has
steadfastly become the party of “no,” obstructing
Democratic attempts at legislation in order to make
Joe Biden a president with little to no victories,
no matter how good they might have been for the
American people, regardless of party affiliation.
Even with the threat of a Republican-controlled
Congress come this November, what keeps me up are
the extreme gerrymandering efforts of Republican
governors and state legislatures across the
country.
# ⚓ [The Nation] Banning_the_Hijab_Targets_Muslim_Women⠀⇛
The first time Nidha Parveen realized that her
choice to wear the hijab could be a point of
contention was when she moved to New Delhi to
attend university. Having been brought up and
schooled in the southern state of Kerala, where
Muslims make up more than a quarter of the
population, she was not used to being interrogated
about her reasons for covering her head. “I could
feel the othering on a day-to-day basis,” she tells
The Nation. “In the beginning I used to answer the
questions, but at a certain point I stopped,
because I understood that they wanted me to say
that it was a form of oppression.”
# ⚓ [Pro Publica] Trump_Just_Endorsed_an_Oath_Keeper’s_Plan_to
Seize_Control_of_the_Republican_Party⠀⇛
Former President Donald Trump has officially
endorsed a plan, created by a man who has self-
identified with the Oath Keeper militia, that aims
to have Trump supporters consolidate control of the
Republican Party.
The plan, known as the “precinct strategy,” has
been repeatedly promoted on Steve Bannon’s popular
podcast. As ProPublica detailed last year, it has
already inspired thousands of people to fill
positions at the lowest rung of the party ladder.
Though these positions are low-profile and often
vacant, they hold critical powers: They help elect
higher-ranking party officers, influence which
candidates appear on the ballot, turn out voters on
Election Day and even staff the polling precincts
where people vote and the election boards that
certify the results.
# ⚓ [RTL] Georgia_to_apply_‘immediately’_for_EU_membership⠀⇛
Georgia will “immediately” apply for EU membership,
the Black Sea nation’s ruling party said Wednesday,
a day after the European Parliament backed war-torn
Ukraine’s bid to apply for EU membership.
The ruling Georgian Dream party chairman, Irakli
Kobakhidze, announced the party’s “decision today
to immediately apply for the EU membership”.
# ⚓ [The Verge] Russia_holds_OneWeb_rocket_launch_hostage,
issues_conditional_demands⠀⇛
In its latest response to international sanctions
and growing geopolitical tensions, Russia’s state
space corporation, Roscosmos, is making a list of
demands of its customer OneWeb before it agrees to
launch the company’s upcoming mission this week.
OneWeb’s satellites were scheduled to take off on
top of a Russian Soyuz rocket on March 5th in
Kazakhstan, but in light of these new demands, it
seems likely that launch will not take place.
In a video posted to Twitter, the head of
Roscosmos, Dmitry Rogozin, outlined in an interview
that he wants assurances from OneWeb that the
company’s satellites will not be used for military
purposes. Roscosmos also demanded that the British
government, which is a primary shareholder in
OneWeb, divest its stake in the company. If these
demands aren’t met, Roscosmos says it will roll
back the Soyuz rocket, and the launch won’t take
place as planned.
o § Misinformation/Disinformation⠀➾
# ⚓ [Techdirt] Russia_Follows_Up_Ukraine_Invasion_By_Demanding
US_Social_Media_Companies_Stop_Fact-Checking_Russian
Government_Content⠀⇛
Here comes The Motherland, insisting that no one
allow anything to undermine its “LET’S INVADE
UKRAINE” narrative. Russia, which has never taken a
hands-off approach to content moderation, is
demanding US companies stop fucking with its plans
for world domination. Here’s Patrick Tucker with
the details for Defense One.
# ⚓ [The Economist] Ukraine’s_meme_war_with_Russia_is_no
laughing_matter⠀⇛
Even before the outbreak of fighting Ukraine’s
president, Volodymyr Zelensky, was one of the most
followed heads of state. His 13.5m-strong (and
rising) Instagram following is the fifth-biggest of
any world leader (the top four are the heads of
India, Indonesia, Brazil and America, countries
with populations between five and 30 times as large
as Ukraine’s). Mr Zelensky posts dozens of tweets
most days, in Ukrainian and English, tagging other
national leaders and getting retweets from their
followers.
Mr Zelensky, a former actor whose roles included an
ordinary man who became president by accident, ran
his election campaign almost entirely online in
2019, causing journalists to complain about his
lack of availability for interviews. His rolling
series of YouTube videos that treated the campaign
like a reality-TV documentary left some wondering
if he was ready for the job. In fact his honing of
accessible, shareable clips has turned out to be an
ideal preparation for what has followed.
o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾
# ⚓ [Techdirt] Federal_Court_Rejects_Former_US_Ambassador’s
Attempt_To_Sue_Google_Over_Things_Telegram_Users_May_Or_May
Not_Have_Posted⠀⇛
People feeling ways about stuff continue to file
stupid lawsuits against all and sundry because,
well, we have a pretty open court system (which is
good!) and not enough lawyers willing to tell
people their stupid lawsuits are unwinnable (not
great!). [For everything else, there’s pro se.]
# ⚓ [Techdirt] John_Oliver_Explains_How_FOSTA_(And_Lots_Of
Other_Policies_To_‘Help’_Sex_Work)_Has_Backfired_Badly⠀⇛
For not the first time, John Oliver is taking on
topics we often cover at Techdirt, and doing a
fantastic job of it. His latest show went deep on
just how screwed up laws and law enforcement about
sex work are, including a specific look at FOSTA.
# ⚓ [Techdirt] DirecTV,_Roku_Give_RT_The_Boot⠀⇛
DirecTV has announced that the company will be
removing Russian government-backed news outlet RT
from the company’s satellite TV lineup in the wake
of the Russian invasion of Ukraine. According to a
company statement, DirecTV was already
contemplating ditching RT and other channels from
the company’s lineup in a bid to lower costs, and
simply expedited the decision.
# ⚓ [The Telegraph UK] Ceramic_artist_Claudia_Clare_in_cancel
culture_row_after_her_arts_college_talk_is_axed⠀⇛
The decision has sparked uproar with some 60
ceramic artists, potters and curators writing to
the CPA demanding Ms Clare’s talk be reinstated and
accusing it of “giving in” to threats.
Now she plans to take legal action, claiming she
has been discriminated against because of her
gender-critical beliefs, which were found by a High
Court judge last year to be protected by the 2010
Equality Act.
o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾
# ⚓ [Counter Punch] The_Movements_for_Black_Electoral_Power_and
Black_Economic_Power_Cannot_be_Separated⠀⇛
# ⚓ Her_Story_Brought_Down_Alaska’s_Attorney_General._A_Year
Later,_She_Feels_Let_Down.⠀⇛
More than a year after the acting Alaska attorney
general suddenly resigned, the criminal
investigation into his alleged sexual contact with
a teenager decades ago is not complete, and two
special prosecutors hired to look into the case
have billed for less than two weeks’ time.
Nikki Dougherty White told the Anchorage Daily News
and ProPublica in January 2021 that Ed Sniffen
began an illegal sexual relationship with her in
1991 when she was a 17-year-old high school student
and Sniffen was the coach of her school’s mock
trial team. Sniffen was 27 years old at the time.
o § Internet Policy/Net Neutrality⠀➾
# ⚓ [Techdirt] Very,_Very_Bad_Ideas:_Ukraine_Asks_ICANN_To
Disconnect_Russia_From_The_Internet⠀⇛
Much of the world is, correctly, standing up
against Russia following its despicable invasion of
Ukraine as part of Vladimir Putin’s power-mad fever
dream. And in response there are lots of questions
about how different companies are looking to
punish, sanction, or limit Russian access to goods
and services. Some of the ideas make sense. Some of
them don’t. And some of them are incredibly
dangerous. In the extremely dangerous territory is
Ukrainian officials reaching out to ICANN on Monday
and asking it to disconnect Russia from the
internet, revoking domains issued in Russia and
shutting down DNS servers in Russia.
# ⚓ [Techdirt] After_Going_Bankrupt_For_Underinvesting_In
Fiber,_Frontier_Communications_Pretends_It_Has_Seen_The
Light⠀⇛
We’ve long discussed how if you really want to
understand how the highly monopolistic U.S.
broadband industry really works, you should look at
regional phone monopoly Frontier Communications.
Especially in states like West Virginia, where the
company has spent decades lagging on fundamental
fiber upgrades, or DSL and phone repairs under a
regime of regulatory capture that never holds them
accountable for fiber under-investment, outright
ripping off taxpayers, or failing to adhere to even
basic quality standards.
o § Monopolies⠀➾
# § Copyrights⠀➾
# ⚓ [Rolling Stone] It_Took_Him_15_Minutes_to_Make_a_Hit
—_and_Seven_Months_to_Reclaim_It⠀⇛
What happened next has become increasingly
common in the modern music industry. Moore
uploaded the chorus on TikTok, where it
started to attract interest, so he finished
the song, titled it “Dash,” and put it on
SoundCloud in August. Within two days, Moore
says the track accumulated more than 50,000
plays, and labels started to call him. But as
the rapper sped towards a professional music
career, he was brought to a screeching halt.
He didn’t own all the rights to the “Dash”
beat — Moore had pulled it off the
[Internet], recorded over it and released it
without ever thinking it would reach a wide
audience — so he could not officially release
it.
# ⚓ [Torrent Freak] Brazzers_Owner_Awarded_$36.5m_in
‘YesPornPlease’_Copyright_Lawsuit⠀⇛
In February 2020, MG Premium, part of the
Mindgeek adult empire, sued unlicensed porn
‘tube’ site YesPornPlease and affiliate
VShare.io. Both platforms soon went offline
but after more than two years of legal
proceedings, a court has now awarded MG
Premium $36.5 million in copyright damages.
It claimed to have lost more than $727
million.
# ⚓ [Torrent Freak] Yout.com_Challenges_Site_Blocking_in
Peru,_Strands_in_Spain⠀⇛
Popular stream-ripping site Yout.com
continues to appeal various site blocking
measures around the world. In Peru, the court
agreed that ISPs are no longer required to
block since the precautionary injunction
expired. However, ISPs have yet to lift the
blockade. Meanwhile, in Spain, the Supreme
Court denied hearing Yout’s appeal.
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