𝕿𝖊𝖈𝖍𝖗𝖎𝖌𝖍𝖙𝖘 Bulletin for Friday, February 11, 2022
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Generated Sat 12 Feb 02:41:00 GMT 2022
Created by Dr. Roy Schestowitz (𝚛𝚘𝚢 (at) 𝚜𝚌𝚑𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚘𝚠𝚒𝚝𝚣 (dot) 𝚌𝚘𝚖)
Full hyperlinks for navigation omitted but are fully available in the originals
The corresponding HTML versions are at 𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈
Latest in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕 and older bulletins can be found at 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕-𝒂𝒓𝒄𝒉𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒔
Full IPFS index in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔 and as plain text in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔/𝒕𝒙𝒕
Gemini index for the day: gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/02/11/
╒═══════════════════ 𝐑𝐄𝐂𝐄𝐍𝐓 𝐁𝐔𝐋𝐋𝐄𝐓𝐈𝐍𝐒 ════════════════════════════════════╕
Previous bulletins in IPFS (past 21 days, in chronological order):
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QmXRhRDa28yw47e5ym8hgWTNSCTtmH5t22GCpvFvaGYDwN
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Qmd7o1W8PgtXmeAFmAGFoVreMpLA1AVtvVjUMvVr7zc1YQ
Qma88nEdV64rLJsqR8uVd62B8zwrDvuX6Etg42wsovLPUQ
QmWMn5rx4mwf86jmAsH6KUasKtr2WVybRVa9b2sJECtwpz
QmS1wrYoYvTPNPTvZYppVeYPXTR8rHjtMkwCEYGCEaEWUU
QmTLUpA1Pbmatf5PSQgBbMk1Hj8eJFQAcNy7ahAe769Anx
QmbQWJTJVwCBMn6Bc7J9W2fhZtZYwQh4SrKoy4dF1Rj3Pm
QmZ3Z9HPLFuFUYdDqN8YY1cZW5M8k9MCEyfwYQiJSBdgg9
Qme1XwuhK1F1t6m8AJGPXQ8U9wCeB9UCDmmkPBEmWLharx
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QmYBkNNgDtvjiZGy3f7RwY487FEsQEUQkXJN3yYkKnMGUa
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QmbqzbFLBLnEsD6wqjgRecqxx1eMiGqj8KkJ8LBeVS7kMR
╒═══════════════════ 𝐈𝐍𝐃𝐄𝐗 ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════╕
⦿ [Meme] Reminder That Battistelli Openly Boasted (in the Media) About the EPO’s Overseer/Overseen Collusion | Techrights
⦿ Impending Data Migration and Gemini Gateway/Proxy Improvements | Techrights
⦿ [Meme] “Unfounded” Claims of Fundamental Rights at the European Patent Office (EPO) | Techrights
⦿ Where Sir Paul Mahoney Has Failed to Protect EPO Staff From Injustice and Sheer Abuse | Techrights
⦿ The EPO’s Overseer/Overseen Collusion — Part XLVIII: The Unkindest Cut of All | Techrights
⦿ Windows and Wintel (x86) Are Too Fat, and Not Evolving Fast Enough, to Actually Survive | Techrights
䷼ Bulletin articles (as HTML) to comment on (requires login):
http://techrights.org/2022/02/11/battistelli-boasted-about-collusion/#comments
http://techrights.org/2022/02/11/impending-data-migration-work/#comments
http://techrights.org/2022/02/11/signed-by-sir-paul-mahoney/#comments
http://techrights.org/2022/02/11/sir-paul-mahoney-track-record/#comments
http://techrights.org/2022/02/11/the-epos-overseeroverseen-collusion-part-xlviii-the-unkindest-cut-of-all/#comments
http://techrights.org/2022/02/11/wintel-not-evolving-fast-enough/#comments
䷞ Followed by Daily Links (assorted news picks curated and categorised):
http://techrights.org/2022/02/11/darktable-3-8-1/#comments
䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 62
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(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2022/02/11/battistelli-boasted-about-collusion/#comments
Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/02/11/battistelli-boasted-about-collusion/
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Gemini_version_available_♊︎
✐ [Meme]Reminder_That_Battistelli_Openly_Boasted(in_the_Media)_About_the
EPO’s_Overseer/Overseen_Collusion⠀✐
Posted in Europe, Patents at 2:51 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇EPO Falcon⦈
Summary: It is worth remembering that as EPO President Benoît_Battistelli
openly admitted that he had managed to turn his ‘supervisors’ into rubber-
stampers (mostly by bribing and blackmailing them)
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠞⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢤
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠑⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠲⡠⠀⠀⢤⠌
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠃⠀⠀⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡤⠴⢖⠒⢶⣦⣤⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠂⣾⣶⠀⠀⣴⠟⢳⣦⢀⠀⠛⠂⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠁⢀⡄⠓⢱⣿⢎⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⣠⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠒⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠋⠁⠀⠉⠁⣸⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
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⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⡤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣤⣀⣤⡜⠻⢻⠿⢿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠘⠟⢶⣼⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣠⣄⡀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⡀⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⢋⡉⠁⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢠⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣷⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡀
⠁⠉⠓⠀⠀⠐⠚⠎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠉⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⢙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡼⠻⣿⡿⢿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⡿
⠉⠀⠀⠀⠰⠶⠆⠀⠰⠶⢶⣶⠦⠄⠀⢄⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣺⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣷⡀⠀⠀⠩⣿⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠱⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣤⣤⣴⠂⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣷⢖⠤⣸⣶⣴⣦⣄⣀⣸⠗⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⢀⠙⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⢘⠉⠉⠀⠀⢰⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⠃⠀⠈⠉⠀⠀⠉⠋⠲⡆⠀⠠⢿⡋⠹⣷⣭⣧⣶⣤⣄⠠⠦⠀
⣿⣾⣿⡆⢀⡀⣾⠀⣀⣁⡀⠀⠀⢘⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⣼⣿⡏⣀⣀⣴⣶⣶⣾⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠿⠷⠿⠟⢛⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣶
⠿⠿⡿⠛⠻⡿⣿⢶⣿⣿⣿⣶⣄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣳⣿⣛⣛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣌⣻⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣠⣌⢉
⡄⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠀⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⠛⢉⣭⣽⣿⡟⣻⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⠉⠁⠀⣸⣿
⣁⠉⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣼⡏⠀⢀⡂⣻⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡤⠀⠐⠖⠀⠀⣠⣄⠀⠀
⣿⣿⠖⠀⠠⡀⠀⢰⣿⢿⣿⣿⣶⠿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠇⠀⢸⢀⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠷⣾⣿⣿⡿⣽⣯⡿⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⣤⣤⠀⣤⣄⡈⢻⡷⠤⠦
⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⣠⣮⠈⢰⣿⣿⣿⡗⠀⠀⡌⠀⣵⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠉⠁⠀⠒⢋⠁⢠⢽⣿⠗⢀⣀⠂⢀⣠⣶⣤⣸⣧⣼⣿⣶⣿⣿⠟⠉⣿⣠⣤
⣀⣤⣶⣶⣶⣶⡦⠀⣀⠀⣙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⡇⠇⠀⡇⢰⣿⠿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠉⣻⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⣀⠠⣤⣶⣿⣿⠿⠤⠾⠁⠈⡟⠑⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠿⢹⡿
⠿⢿⣟⠻⢿⠏⢀⣀⣬⣰⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⢻⡇⡄⢰⠇⢌⣤⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⡟⠟⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠘⠉⠁⠀⢐⣶⡏⠁⢰⣸⣿⣿⣷⠆⣀⣤⡄⠘⠋⠀⠓⠈⠉⠉⠉⣟⠛⠟⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣶⣦⣬⣿⣁⣻⣟⠛⠉⠛⠆⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⠘⠁⡀⠈⢀⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢼⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⠿⠟⠃⠀⠀⢀⣀⣠⣿⣿⣷⠄⣾⣿⣯⣭⣥⣴⣾⣿⠃⢠⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡄⠀⠀
⣿⣿⡟⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⡶⣦⡄⣿⣿⠀⣶⡇⡄⢸⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠻⡿⣶⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⢉⣈⣿⣏⡉⡉⢿⡿⢿⣁⣠⣦⣼⣿⣛⣶⣤⣤⣤⣴⡀⠀⣷⠃⠈⠁⠀⠀
⣿⡏⠁⠀⣀⣀⣹⣿⣿⠟⢿⣿⡿⠿⣿⠀⢰⣿⠇⠀⠲⠶⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣯⣌⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠈⢦⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣽⣿⠿⣦⣀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⠛⠻⠙⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠
⣿⣿⣷⣶⠟⠙⠉⠙⣯⣡⣤⠙⠳⠄⢻⠀⣿⣿⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⡙⠻⠿⠛⠉⢿⣿⡻⠛⣿⠟⠛⣿⣽⢿⠆⠀⢀⣴⣗⠰⠿⣛⣿⠋⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠙⠟⠀⠨⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠚⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠾
⠈⠉⢾⣿⣶⣶⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⢀⣿⣿⠀⣰⣿⣿⣹⢿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠛⠋⠻⢷⠀⠀⠄⠀⢿⣷⣌⣅⣴⣾⣦⢀⣀⠀⢀⣈⢹⡟⢻⠛⡉⠙⠛⠛⠻⣽⣶⣶⣤⣤⡶⣵⣶⣆⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢈
⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣇⣿⣿⡿⠆⡀⠀⠀⠀⠸⢸⣿⡏⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣆⢹⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣇⠙⢿⣿⣿⣀⣸⠿⠶⠆⠀⠳⠀⠸⠿⠞⢃⣰⣶⠛⢋⣵⡏⠈⠈⠛⡍⢻⡿⢷⣶⣶⡆⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⢤⣤
⣿⣾⣾⣿⣛⣿⢿⣥⡀⠀⠉⠳⠶⠛⣤⢸⣿⠃⠈⣿⣿⣛⣿⣿⣿⡏⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⠙⢀⣧⡈⠃⠉⣼⠘⠿⠦⣷⣶⠾⠷⠄⠀⣾⡿⠧⣾⣿⣿⠇⠀⠚⠛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠸⠿⠿⠃⠀⠈⠀⠀⠒⠿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣽⣿⢰⣦⡶⢠⣿⢂⣶⡆⣶⣾⡟⣿⢛⣿⣾⢳⣾⡆⣶⣴⢦⣶⡆⣶⣴⢲⡖⠂⣶⣲⣆⡶⣴⣻⣧⡗⣶⣴⠆⣶⣶⡆⢰⣶⡆⣶⠒⢀⣶⣴⢰⡖⣰⡖⣴⢶⣆⣶⢂⣶⣶⠀⢀⣴⠀⢀⠀⢀
⢿⠿⢷⣾⣿⣿⡿⣰⣿⣿⡿⣿⠃⣼⣏⣼⢿⣧⣿⣿⣸⡟⣸⣿⡟⣿⣼⢿⣯⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣇⣿⡉⠀⣿⢿⣿⢳⣟⡿⣼⣻⣧⣿⣸⣯⡿⠀⣿⣽⢷⣟⡁⣸⢿⣏⣿⣉⣿⣉⣿⣾⣹⣏⣹⣷⣿⣶⣿⣿⣶⣮⣶⣾
⡖⠀⠀⣠⣶⡝⣃⣲⢞⣈⢃⣁⣘⣷⣟⣙⣂⢀⣸⣧⡙⢛⣁⡀⣀⣈⢉⣀⣉⡀⣀⣀⢀⡀⣀⣀⣀⢀⣀⣀⣿⣷⣿⣿⢿⣿⣎⣑⣒⢶⣆⣀⡀⢀⣀⡀⣀⣀⢀⣀⣐⣀⢀⡀⣀⣤⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿
⠑⢀⣾⣿⣭⣧⣿⣭⡟⣿⣼⣿⣇⡉⣿⢉⣿⣾⣹⣯⠑⣼⣿⢰⣏⡿⣾⣿⣿⢻⣏⣿⣾⢹⡇⢿⣟⢸⡟⣹⣿⣟⣿⣿⢨⡿⢹⡏⣿⣿⣽⣯⠉⣿⣹⢷⣟⣿⣾⣿⣧⣿⣾⣹⣿⣟⣿⣼⡏⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣷
⠀⠘⠏⠹⠿⠼⢇⡸⠿⠣⠿⠿⠁⡸⢏⡼⠷⢯⠿⡶⠼⠏⠿⠾⠿⠳⠟⠿⠟⠿⠹⠿⠏⠿⠸⠿⠃⠾⠃⠿⣾⣿⣿⢿⣾⣇⣿⣹⣿⣧⡿⣾⣿⡿⣟⣸⣿⣃⣿⣿⣼⣿⣏⡿⢾⣻⠧⠿⢶⣷⡶⡽⣟⣻⡿⢋⡙⠉
⠀⢰⣆⡖⣴⣶⠴⣶⢖⠰⣶⢶⡶⣶⠉⣴⣶⢼⣶⣷⣶⢶⢴⣶⣆⡶⣶⢰⣶⡦⣶⡶⠀⣶⣶⣶⢲⣰⠆⣰⣾⣿⣏⣶⡞⣹⣯⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⡯⣿⣾⢹⣶⡏⣿⣿⣹⣷⡏⣶⣾⢹⣿⢯⣷⢨⣶⡦⢡⢶⠆⠠
⠂⣿⣿⢻⣯⡿⢸⡏⠒⢸⡏⣼⣿⣏⢠⣝⡷⣾⣿⢷⡟⠋⣿⠛⣹⣷⡟⣿⣿⢇⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⡏⣸⠇⢀⡿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣇⣿⣾⣻⣧⣿⣿⠙⣿⠛⢹⣿⡟⣿⣽⢷⡟⢋⣿⣼⢧⣿⣷⣿⣿⣸⣇⣬⣻⣆⣰⠲⠀⠠
⢮⣅⣯⣌⣩⠁⠯⠧⠒⠉⢡⣾⣭⣾⣿⣭⣧⣭⡉⢮⡁⠈⠉⢿⣬⠉⠈⠁⣽⣿⠁⠀⠉⠈⠈⠁⠉⠀⠈⠁⠁⢩⣿⣿⣿⣷⣯⣽⣾⣯⡟⢎⣩⡶⢯⣯⣥⣭⣧⠎⠁⢠⢩⣱⣾⣿⡿⢡⠉⠭⠵⣭⠙⠍⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⡷⠋⣱⠟⣴⠁⢄⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢩⠙⠳⠤⡥⠉⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⣴⢾⢝⣀⣀⣀⠠⢐⣃⣀⣀⠀⢀⣀⣌⢿⣿⣯⣭⣭⣭⣭⣬⣤⣤⢩⣵⣶⣍⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⢰⣾⠉⢺⣿⢀⣿⣿⠰⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣠⣾⣶⢦⣿⣭⣇⣽⢲⣶⢶⣦⢰⣾⡿⠇⣿⣇⣿⡇⣼⣿⣿⣷⢸⣿⢘⢻⣿⠛⠀⢸⣿⡟⣿⡆⣾⣿⣿⣨⣽⣿⣯⣯⢹⣿⢩⣿⣿⢸⣿⣬⡉⠀⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣬⢸⣿⠈⢸⣿⠀⢸⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢢⣼
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣫⣭⣭⣽⢸⣿⣼⣟⢸⣿⣷⡆⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⢹⣿⢸⣿⢸⢸⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡟⣿⡆⣿⣇⣿⡏⢻⣿⡏⠿⢸⣿⠐⢻⣿⢠⣬⢻⣿⠀⢻⣿⠀⣿⣿⣀⢸⣿⣤⢸⣿⣤⢸⣿⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠩
⢝⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⢾⣶⢸⣿⣸⣿⠆⣿⣧⡄⣿⡟⣿⣇⢻⣿⣼⡿⢸⣿⣿⢸⣿⡀⠀⠀⣿⣷⡿⠇⠿⠏⠿⠷⢀⠿⠇⠏⡸⠿⢀⠘⠛⢈⣛⠛⣛⠀⢘⣛⣤⠙⡛⠋⠈⡍⣉⠌⠉⠭⠈⠉⠀⠀⣄⣤⣞⠂⠁
⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⢹⣿⣾⣭⡉⣭⣶⣭⣭⣅⢩⣵⣌⢯⣄⢈⣽⣂⣶⣶⣾⣷⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠟⢀⣴⣬⠃⠚⣷⣒⣂⣴⡛⠛⣛⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣀⣠⣆⢹⡟⢄⠀⠀⠀⢨⣇⡄⠀⠉⣄⣨⡟
䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 139
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Gemini_version_available_♊︎
✐ Impending_Data_Migration_and_Gemini_Gateway/Proxy_Improvements⠀✐
Posted in Site_News at 3:39 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz
Video_download_link | md5sum b52812c77050e16b9cdfac93e65b7dc2
Presentation of Gemini Gateway
Creative Commons Attribution-No Derivative Works 4.0
http://techrights.org/videos/gemini-proxy-css.webm
Summary: We remind readers that Techrights can also be accessed over the
gemini:// protocol and the canonical site/proxy at http://gemini.techrights.org
(which was improved this morning); it is another way to read Techrights when
there’s Web site downtime, as there will be around 8 hours for now (storage-
level/SAN migration)
TECHRIGHTS is growing. The number of people involved keeps growing, the number
of Daily Links is growing, and the impact of the site in general increased a
lot in recent years. Sometimes we have downtime (no site is infallible and
we’re not some online store with 24/7 SREs), so it helps to have mirrors and
contingencies.
“Sometimes we have downtime (no site is infallible and we’re not some online
store with 24/7 SREs), so it helps to have mirrors and contingencies.”One of
them is gemini.techrights.org, which we keep improving; it’s basically just a
transient proxy or gateway for Gemini. In about 8 hours from now readers can
expect a downtime as we move the files to other hardware (at the time of
writing Techrights has over 186,000 files) and as noted in the video above
we’ve made progress convincing GNU (and the FSF) to add presence in
Geminispace.
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Lies, race-baiting, and public relations⦈ Today we spent a
lot of time refining CSS for better presentation; we wrote our own proxy/
gateway software and it is available under the AGPLv3 (in_self-hosted_Git).
The Web isn’t dead, but a growing proportion of it is misinformation, webspam,
and “marketing”. █
⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀
⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀
⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀
⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀
⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀
⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀
⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀
⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀
⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀
⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀
⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀
⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀
⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀
⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀
⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀
⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀
⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀
⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 223
╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕
(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2022/02/11/signed-by-sir-paul-mahoney/#comments
Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/02/11/signed-by-sir-paul-mahoney/
⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 02.11.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧
Gemini_version_available_♊︎
✐ [Meme]_“Unfounded”_Claims_of_Fundamental_Rights_at_the_European_Patent_Office
(EPO)⠀✐
Posted in Deception, Europe, Law, Patents at 2:59 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇ECHR and Council of Europe (for Team UPC) “a kind of
insurance policy against backsliding into totalitarianism” ~Sir Paul Mahoney⦈
Summary: The EPO‘s mechanism for processing internal (staff) appeals seems to
have become another kangaroo_court, just_like_the_appeal_boards
⣿⣿⠛⠟⠛⠛⠛⡛⣛⣏⣫⣯⣏⣩⣭⣿⣿⣯⣭⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⠿⢿⠿⠿⡿⡛⣛⣟⣛⢛⣟⣉⣍⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉
⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⡿⡿⡿⡛⢛⢻⢛⠭⢙⣟⣩⣿⣹⣍⣁⣧⣿⣬⣺⣿⣯⣷⣾⣷⣶⣿⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⡻⡿⢿⡟⣟⢿⠟⡟⣻⢻⣿⣏⣫⣉⣯⣭⣾⣾⣾⣿⣽⣽⣷⣷⣬⣥⣽⣾⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⢿⠟⠿⠟⣿⣛⠟⣿⠛⢛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣾⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⡿⠿⣿⢿⡛⢻⣿⢛⠿⢛⣛⣍⣋⣁⣉⣻⣧⣧⣿⣥⣤⣶⣽⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⡿⡿⢿⠛⣿⢻⡟⠛⠛⢛⣛⣉⣉⣿⣏⣿⣸⣮⣤⣤⣿⣼⣼⣷⣾⣷⣷⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣴⣤⣶⣾⣿⣿⡧⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣹⣩⣷⣧⣽⣤⣤⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣮⣟⣿⡏⡽⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⡻⠿⢇⢾⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣏⡝⣛⣋⣯⣛⣏⣯⣯⣯⣼⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢭⣹⣫⣏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⣛⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢻⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣼⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣤⠤⠀⠀⠒⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣥⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⣾⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣯⣭⠅⣠⣤⣭⣙⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣷⣤⣉⣙⣛⣋⣨⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢱⣾⣿⣿⣦⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣭⣽⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣾⣿⣷⢹⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣄⡉⠙⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⣻⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡼⠃⢉⣁⠃⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢛⣫⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⣀⣀⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣁⠠⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠆⡄⠠⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣧⣤⣨⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣇⡀⠀⢰⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⢿⣿⠧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⢿⣿⠄⠸⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣖⢰⢲⡆⣆⣶⣶⣲⠀⣠⢤⢠⢤⣠⣴⡆⢡⡖⡆⣤⣄⣤⢠⢠⣤⣌⡤⡅⡆⣶⠀⡤⣄⣶⠈⣶⡂⡍⣭⣭⣍⡭⡍⡭⣭⣫⣭⠛⣶⢰⣆⡤⡄⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠯⠸⡴⠆⠏⠿⠿⠹⠀⢾⠽⠸⠸⠿⡿⠇⠸⢧⠆⢿⠿⢿⠼⠸⠿⠟⢧⠆⠇⠿⠀⢧⠟⠿⠀⠿⠅⠧⠿⠿⠘⢧⠇⣧⡿⠿⡽⠀⠿⠸⠟⢧⠇⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⡄⢀⡀⢀⡀⢀⢀⢀⠀⢠⢠⡄⡤⡄⣤⣄⢤⡀⢠⡀⢒⡀⠀⡄⡀⡄⣀⡀⢀⢠⠀⠀⡀⢠⡄⢠⠄⣀⡀⢀⠀⡀⡀⢀⠀⣀⠀⡀⡀⢀⡀⢀⡀⠀⢀⢀⠀⣀⢠⡄⡄⢀⡀⡀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⡗⣓⣽⣿⢸⢸⢸⡇⢸⢸⡇⡗⠃⡇⣭⢸⡇⣦⠀⡵⡇⠀⣿⡇⡇⣿⣿⢸⢸⠀⢾⢸⢸⡇⢸⣿⡇⡇⡳⡅⡇⣿⣿⢉⡿⡇⡏⣿⣿⢉⢾⢺⠀⣿⢸⢸⢹⣿⡇⡇⣿⣉⢻⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠉⠁⠉⠉⠈⠈⠈⠁⠈⠉⠀⠁⠀⠉⠁⠉⠀⠛⠠⠍⠁⠀⠁⠁⠁⠉⠉⠈⠉⠄⠈⠉⠈⠁⠈⠉⠁⠁⠉⠁⠉⠉⠉⠀⠉⠁⠁⠉⠈⠁⠈⠉⠀⠙⠉⠈⠉⠈⠁⠁⠉⠁⠚⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⢰⣲⢰⣶⡦⣶⡆⡆⣶⣶⢰⣲⢺⠂⢸⢲⡶⣶⡆⡖⠆⣿⡆⣖⡆⣿⣶⢰⢺⣷⡆⡖⡆⣶⣶⠀⣷⣶⢲⢸⣇⡖⡆⠐⡗⣶⣶⢺⠲⣶⣾⡇⣶⣿⢰⣲⢰⡶⣶⢰⣲⢰⣶⣶⡆⣖⡆⡖⣶⣶⠃⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠘⠚⠸⠿⠟⠛⠃⠃⠛⠛⠘⠛⠘⠂⠘⠚⠛⠛⠃⠓⠃⠛⠃⠓⠃⠛⠛⠘⠚⠛⠃⠃⠃⠽⠿⠀⠛⠛⠘⠘⢃⠓⠃⠀⠓⠛⠛⠘⠚⠛⠛⠃⠛⠛⠘⠚⠘⠃⠛⠘⠚⠘⠛⠛⠃⠓⠃⠃⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣤⣄⠀⣤⡄⣤⣤⣤⡀⢸⢩⣤⣤⣅⠃⣤⣤⠀⢠⣤⢠⣤⢠⣭⢹⣿⠋⣥⣤⢠⣤⡄⢠⣤⣤⠀⣤⡄⢠⣤⢀⣤⣤⣄⢠⣤⠀⣤⠀⣤⣤⡤⣤⠀⣤⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⡀⣿⣆⡛⠀⣿⡇⣿⣇⣿⡇⢸⢸⣿⣸⣿⢸⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⠸⣿⠀⣿⣿⣸⣿⡇⢸⡿⣿⡆⣿⣧⣼⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⣇⣿⠀⣿⣇⡁⢻⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠉⠉⠀⣬⠙⣿⡄⣿⡇⣿⡏⣿⡇⢹⢸⣿⠉⠁⣸⣯⣼⣇⢸⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⠀⢿⠀⣿⢹⣿⢸⡇⣼⣧⣿⡇⣿⡏⢹⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⢿⣿⠀⣿⡏⠁⠘⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠛⠛⠀⠛⠃⠛⠃⠛⠃⣿⡘⠛⣀⠀⠛⠃⠘⠛⠈⠛⠛⠃⠘⠛⣛⣸⣀⠛⠘⠋⠘⠃⠛⠃⠘⠛⠛⠃⠘⠛⠈⠛⠛⠋⠘⠛⠘⠛⠀⠛⠛⠃⠀⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
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(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2022/02/11/sir-paul-mahoney-track-record/#comments
Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/02/11/sir-paul-mahoney-track-record/
⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 02.11.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧
Gemini_version_available_♊︎
✐ Where_Sir_Paul_Mahoney_Has_Failed_to_Protect_EPO_Staff_From_Injustice_and
Sheer_Abuse⠀✐
Posted in Europe, Patents at 2:33 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz
Video_download_link | md5sum 58c7510d8e889a214c47342e56046646
Shallow Legal Theatre vs Juridical Sciences
Creative Commons Attribution-No Derivative Works 4.0
http://techrights.org/videos/epo-veneer-of-justice.webm
Summary: EPO President Benoît_Battistelli and EPO President António_Campinos
have got themselves a ‘British van_der_Eijk‘; The documents from within the EPO
have made it clear that Sir Paul Mahoney was unwilling or simply incapable of
matching staff’s expectations; instead of protecting staff’s basic, most
fundamental rights he doubled down on abolition of such rights
THIS morning’s installment and tomorrow’s follow-up, which is a lot longer,
will show readers the true track record of Sir Paul Mahoney, who is either too
afraid or too complicit to do what’s right for the EPO. As of two weeks ago,
Sir Paul Mahoney got two — not just one — very major and profound errors,
leaving staff to suffer and ‘vindicating’ law-breaking managers. As we put it
this morning, “the EPO’s internal appeals committee under Mahoney’s stewardship
also saw fit to give a clean bill of legal health to Battistelli’s Orwellian
“Social Democracy” project, another sinister liberticidal measure which was
struck down by a seven-judge panel of the ILOAT on 27 January 2022.”
The video above discusses some of the status quo, but it’s a lot shorter than
usual because we’re bracing for some server maintenance, as the next post will
explain. █
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Sir Mahoney, just play it safe; But Wim, I have a job to do;
But he didn't wish to get defamed in the media like Patrick Corcoran was⦈
Judges learn_the_job_(or_some_implicit_rules) quickly at the EPO
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣺⣭⣵⣟⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠙⢁⣀⣤⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡁⢠⣄⡽⣿⣅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⡟⠻⠿⠿⠛⢛⣻⣻⣖⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣧⣆⣻⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣧⣷⣿⣿⣿⣹⡿⣼⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠴⠹⠿⠛⠉⠉⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⠿⠋⣠⣾⠄⡤⠀⣠⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢋⣁⢶⣿⣿⣯⠋⢀⣾⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠏⠀⠈⣿⠿⠃⣴⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⢀⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣦⣭⣤⣾⣿⣶⣤⣤⣾⣿⠿⠀⠀⠀⠁⢀⣴⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⢶⣶⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⢀⣠⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⠛⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣉⣁⣥⡤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠹⠿⠛⣀⣀⣤⣤⣴⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣬⣭⣭⣤⣤⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡿⠛⠉⣠⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣁⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠋⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣯⣹⡿⣿⣿⠉⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣇⣿⣿⣴⣿⡎⣿⣿⣹⡿⣿⣽⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣻⣷⣿⣿⣤⣿⢿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣧⡿⣿⣿⣟⢸⣏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡧⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣿⣾⣾⣯⣷⣯⢿⡿⠟⣯⣭⣻⡿⣿⣿⣿⣻⡿⣗⣓⣚⣷⣿⣿⡿⣾⡽⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⣧⣝⣷⢸⡇⣇⣿⠛⣿⡇⣿⣿⢹⡟⡄⣿⢹⣿⣵⠻⣿⣣⣿⡇⣿⣛⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣷⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠷⣿⣹⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠟⠛⠋⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣛⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⢶⣿⠛⠋⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣧⣄⢠⣴⣾⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣶⣶⣯⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡬⠁⠙⢋⣼⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠈⠉⣦⣿⣿⡟⠉⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠏⠍⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢰⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡶⡄⣄⣠⣤⠆⠀⣤⠁⣖⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⣵⣾⣿⣡⡄⠐⢫⣶⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⡆⠈⠙⠫⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢉⣿⢻⣿⠃⠀⠀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⠋⠁⠀⠀⣈⠀⠀⠀⢠⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡾⢛⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⣠⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠻⠃⠷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⣶⣾⣿⣷⣤⣦⣤⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⠇⡈⠀⠁⠀⠀⣰⣿⡖⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⠰⠃⠀⠀⠀⣰⠃⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⡆⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠈⠙⠛⠛⠙⠉⠛⠋⠛⠛⠛⠋⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣤⣤⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⡝⠣⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⡜⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣿⣷⣽⣿⣯⣽⣿⢿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⠂⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢃⣿⣰⣾⣿⣿⡿⣿⣶⣮⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡃⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⡿⣶⣿⣿⣩⣿⣿⣾⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣏⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣸⢹⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⢣⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⡾⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⠿⢣⣿⡟⡟⣿⣽⣿⣭⣭⣿⣿⣟⣿⠿⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣧⣿⣷⣾⣿⣇⣴⡿⣿⣿⣻⣿⡏⡏⣿⢹⣿⣿⢉⣷⣿⣩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⡈⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣸⣿⣏⣸⣿⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⡈⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣯⣿⣿⠿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣄⡉⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠆⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠴⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠘⠳⢆⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠂⠠⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⢀⠈⠁⠙⠃⢒⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⢹⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠮⠁⠀⠰⢶⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡤⣤⡄⣀⣈⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⠀⡄⠀⣷⣦⣴⠄⡠⢐⡈⠸⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠋⣰⠟⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠇⠰⠇⠠⠟⠋⠁⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠖⠁⠰⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⢰⣶⡦⣶⣶⢶⣶⠂⣶⣶⣶⣖⠂⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⢰⣶⡶⠖⣶⠃⢶⣶⣶⡶⣶⣾⡷⢴⣶⡆⠐⣶⢲⣿⣦⢠⣾⣷⣶⣖⢲⡖⢰⣶⣶⣶⣖⣶⣲⣶⡆⣶⣶⣶⣶⡒⣶⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡷⢿⣿⠸⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣯⡄⢿⣿⢿⡿⣿⣿⢸⢿⡇⠀⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⡇⣿⢾⣿⢾⣿⡇⠀⣿⠸⣿⡿⠘⣿⣿⣿⣯⢸⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣭⣿⢹⡿⣧⣿⡿⣿⣿⣥⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⣤⣠⣠⡄⣠⣤⣤⣤⣄⣤⡄⢠⣄⣤⣠⣤⣠⣤⡀⣄⣠⣄⠀⣤⢠⣄⣤⣠⣠⣤⠀⣤⣄⣠⣄⣤⣤⣤⣄⢠⣄⣤⣄⣤⣠⠀⣠⣤⣀⣤⡄⣤⣄⢀⣤⡀⣤⣄⣤⣤⣀⣤⣀⣄⣤⢀⣄⣤⣠⣤⣤⢀⣤⡄⠀⠀
⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⢸⣿⡇⣿⠆⢸⣿⣿⣿⡷⢾⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⢸⡷⠀⣿⠿⣿⣿⢸⡇⣿⣿⢸⣿⣟⣟⣿⣿⠀⣿⣹⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣇⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠛⠙⠙⠃⠈⠋⠘⠛⠋⠛⠃⠘⠛⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠁⠛⠛⠛⠀⠛⠛⠋⠛⠙⠛⠛⠀⠛⠀⠛⠛⠘⠃⠛⠛⠘⠋⠛⠋⠛⠙⠃⠙⠛⠉⠛⠃⠛⠛⠘⣛⣁⠛⠋⠛⠙⠛⠛⠋⠋⠛⠀⠛⠋⠛⠛⠙⠋⠛⠋⠀⠀
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✐ The_EPO’s_Overseer/Overseen_Collusion_—_Part_XLVIII:_The_Unkindest_Cut_of
All⠀✐
Posted in Europe, Law, Patents at 2:35 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz
Series parts:
Endorsement?
Courage
Pusillanimous_Hibernia
Cheese
Controversial_Christian_Bock
Battistelli’s_Swiss_Apprentice?
Facilitators_–_Spain
Facilitators_–_Portugal
Austrian_Double-Dipper
Nordic_Bloc
Doyen_and_His_“Protégée”
North_Macedonia_and_Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Fresh_Blood_or_Same_Old,_Same_Old?
Budget_and_Finance_Committee
Loyal_“Habibi”
States_–_Monaco_and_Malta
Perfidious_Betrayal_of_Liberty
Belgium”?
Dubious”_Proposal
Independent_Slovenia
Tentacles_of_the_SAZAS_Octopus
to_Capture
Italians
Self-Service?
Land
“Waite_and_Kennedy”
Fundamental_Rights_Protection?
Injustice_at_the_EPO?
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Baron_Montesquieu_quote⦈_
What would Baron Montesquieu have made of the EPO’s internal appeals committee
and its shameful endorsement of Battistelli’s “Strike Regulations” in May 2019?
Summary: Benoît_Battistelli‘s unlawful “Strike Regulations” (restricting basic
rights of EPO staff) were boosted by the kangaroo_courts of António_Campinos,
who continued to exploit these unlawful rules for 3 years
In the last part we saw how ILOAT Judgments Nos. 3694 and 3785 exposed serious
deficiencies in the EPO’s internal justice system. Amongst other things, these
judgments revealed how the EPO President had persistently interfered in the
workings of the supposedly “independent” internal appeals committee.
“Back in 2012, Battistelli had already proposed one disastrous “reform” of the
system which had been rubber-stamped by the Council, ignoring the well-founded
objections raised by EPO staff, including the members of the Boards of
Appeal.”The ILOAT’s interventions appear to have shamed the Administrative
Council into attempting corrective action because Battistelli was asked to
prepare a “reform” of the EPO’s internal justice system.
Back in 2012, Battistelli had already proposed one disastrous “reform” of the
system which had been rubber-stamped by the Council, ignoring the well-founded
objections raised by EPO staff, including the members of the Boards of Appeal.
The idea now was to try and undo some of the damage caused by the earlier
“reform”, presumably in the hope of stemming the unrelenting tide of negative
commentary in the “IP” blogosphere.
The intentions of the Council may have been good, but with Battistelli at the
helm, any new “reform” was going to be a half-baked affair at best.
“Under the terms of this “reform” it was decided to revamp the internal appeals
committee and to appoint an external person as the chair of that body.”After a
number of reiterations and revisions, Team Battistelli dished up the final
version_of_the_“reform”_proposal [PDF] (CA/58/17 [PDF]) on 9 June 2017. Shortly
afterwards at the 152nd meeting of the Administrative Council held in the Hague
on 28 and 29 June 2017, this proposal was adopted by the Council as decision
CA/D_7/17. [PDF]
Under the terms of this “reform” it was decided to revamp the internal appeals
committee and to appoint an external person as the chair of that body.
The new chair of the internal appeals committee was Sir_Paul_Mahoney whose
appointment was confirmed by the Administrative Council in December_2017.
(warning: epo.org link)
“n fairness to Mahoney it must be said that his committee did issue some
opinions upholding staff complaints.”Because Mahoney was a retired judge of the
European Court of Human Rights, his appointment gave rise to some initial hope
among EPO staff that the organisation’s internal justice system might finally
start to function in a more credible manner.
In fairness to Mahoney it must be said that his committee did issue some
opinions upholding staff complaints. For example, one opinion issued by the
appeals committee in 2020 belatedly excoriated an_arbitrary_and_unprincipled
act_of_censorship by Elodie_Bergot.
The incident in question had occurred almost four years earlier in 2016 when
Bergot had prohibited the intranet publication of a report by the EPO Staff
Committee detailing the chronic deficiencies in the EPO’s internal justice
system.
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Sir_Paul_Mahoney⦈_
Sir Paul Mahoney, a former Judge at the European Court of Human Rights, was
appointed as Chair of the EPO’s internal appeals committee in December 2017.
But if Mahoney occasionally dared to take a stand against abuses of power by
individual officials such as Bergot, when it came to more politically sensitive
cases involving decisions of the Administrative Council, he tended to tread
more cautiously and to show more deference to the powers-that-be.
“For the record, it deserves to be noted that Mahoney’s endorsement of the
“Strike Regulations” was not his only betrayal of EPO staff.”This became
painfully evident in May 2019, when Mahoney endorsed a majority opinion of the
appeals committee rejecting a challenge to Battistelli’s “Strike Regulations”.
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Internal_Appeals_Committee_on_Strike_Regulations⦈_
In May 2019, the EPO’s Internal Appeals Committee under the chairmanship of Sir
Paul Mahoney placed its seal of approval on Battistelli’s Vichyite “Strike
Regulations”.
After Mahoney and his committee had given Battistelli’s “Strike Regulations”
what appeared to be a clean bill of legal health, EPO staff were forced to wait
for another two years and two months before these manifestly unlawful measures
were finally overturned by the ILOAT on 7 July 2021.
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇ILOAT-Strike-Regulations⦈_
The ILOAT did not share Mahoney’s positive assessment of Battistelli’s Vichyite
“Strike Regulations”.
Mahoney’s endorsement of Battistelli’s liberticidal Vichyite_"Strike
Regulations" sits rather incongruously alongside the views which he expressed
in an_interview which appeared in the UK Law Society Gazette in November 2013.
On that occasion, he spoke about the role of the European Court of Human Rights
and the Council of Europe, describing them as “a kind of insurance policy
against backsliding into totalitarianism”.
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Justice is blind⦈ But for all his fine words about the need
for vigilance against “backsliding into totalitarianism”, when the time came
for deeds at the EPO, Mahoney failed to step up to the plate.
For some inexplicable reason, he did not appear to have any reservations
whatsoever about placing his seal of approval on Battistelli’s scandalous
interference with the fundamental right of EPO staff to “freedom of
association”.
For the record, it deserves to be noted that Mahoney’s endorsement of the
“Strike Regulations” was not his only betrayal of EPO staff.
As we shall see in the next part, the EPO’s internal appeals committee under
Mahoney’s stewardship also saw fit to give a clean bill of legal health to
Battistelli’s Orwellian "Social_Democracy" project, another sinister
liberticidal measure which was struck down by a seven-judge panel of the ILOAT
on 27 January 2022. █
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⣛⡼⠓⠺⠣⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠄⣟⢶⣶⢲⣶⠢⢰⡷⡆⠸⣼⢖⠴⡶⣲⣶⣶⡶⣰⣷⡶⡀⠠⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠜⠗⠚⢧⣛⠀⠀
⠀⠀⢉⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡉⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠈⢱⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡎⠁⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⡆⡧⣤⡄⡄⣤⠀⡦⡄⢠⠄⡤⡄⡄⡤⡄⡄⣤⠀⣤⢤⠀⡆⣤⢠⣠⣤⢠⡄⣤⡀⢰⢸⢠⣤⢠⡄⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢁⠁⠈⠁⠁⠉⠀⡉⠁⠈⡀⠉⠀⠈⠀⠈⠁⠉⠀⠉⠈⠀⠈⠊⠈⠈⠉⠈⠁⠑⠁⠈⠉⠈⢉⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠹⠱⠿⠸⠁⠿⠞⠏⠾⠮⠏⠇⠰⠯⠀⠿⠸⠇⠏⡯⠺⠗⠏⠧⠸⠇⠇⠿⠸⠇⠸⠼⠏⠶⠽⠾⠾⠁⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣠⣀⣀⠀⣀⢀⣠⢀⡀⣄⣠⠀⣀⣠⠀⢀⣀⢀⠀⢀⡀⣀⢀⡄⢠⣀⡀⣀⣄⡀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠚⠘⠛⠁⠛⠀⠛⠘⠃⠛⠚⠈⠚⠘⠀⠘⠃⠋⠃⠘⠃⠘⠑⠃⠘⠃⠃⠐⠃⠋⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⢢⣤⢠⡔⣤⡦⢠⢢⢸⠀⣤⢠⢤⢰⡄⡴⣴⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠈⠉⠀⠁⠁⠉⠀⠉⠈⠐⠉⠉⠉⠈⠀⠉⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⡸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢇⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠘⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⠃⠀⠀
⠀⠀⣭⢧⡤⣠⡤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⢤⣄⢤⡼⣭⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠉⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠉⠀⠀
⣿⢼⡧⣿⢼⡧⣿⢽⢽⡯⣿⢼⡯⣿⢽⡯⣿⣽⣯⣯⣽⣽⣯⣿⣽⣯⣿⣽⣯⣿⣽⣭⣯⣿⣽⣯⣿⣽⣯⣿⣽⣯⣯⣽⣽⣯⣿⣽⣯⣿⣽⣯⣯⣽⣽⣯⣿⣽⣯⣿⣽⣯⣯⣽⣽⣯⣿⣽⣯⣿⣽⣯⣯⣿⣿⣯⣿⣽
⣿⣺⣗⣿⣺⣟⣟⣻⣻⣗⣿⣺⣗⣿⣺⣗⣿⣺⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣿⢾⡷⣿⢾⡷⣿⣾⣷⣷⣿⢾⡷⣿⢾⡷⣿⢾⡷⡷⣾⢾⡷⣿⢾⡷⣿⢾⡷⣷⣾⢾⡷⣿⢾⡷⣿⢾⡷⣷⣿⢾⡷⣿⢾⡷⣿⢾⣷⡷⣿⣿⡷⣿⢾
⠉⠉⠉⠋⠙⠉⠋⠙⠉⠋⠛⠙⠋⠛⠙⠋⠛⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠙⠋⠛⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⣠⣤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⠀⢀⣄⠀⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣤⣀⣠⠀⠀⠀⣠⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⣿⠶⠆⣿⢰⡇⣿⢳⡟⢻⣾⡟⢻⣴⣿⣷⣺⣿⡧⣿⢻⡆⠀⢾⡇⢈⣩⣾⢻⣦⣗⢸⣿⡟⠛⣿⠀⢠⡞⢻⣾⣟⠀⢸⣷⠶⣿⣿⢰⣷⣿⣿⡟⣧⣾⣿⣾⡟⣿⡆⠀⣿⠤⣿⣿⣾⡟⣿⣿⢻⡗⣿⢳⣿⣷⠀⠀
⠀⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⠛⠈⠛⠛⢹⡟⠛⠘⠛⠋⠛⠛⠛⠛⠘⠃⠀⠈⠛⠛⠁⠛⠛⠋⠛⠛⠛⠃⢈⠛⠂⠈⠛⠛⠙⠛⢀⡘⠛⢀⡛⠛⠛⣛⢛⢚⢳⢛⡛⡛⡛⢣⢻⣣⣦⣛⣠⣛⣛⣿⣿⣿⣛⣼⣟⣻⣾⣷⣿⣤⣶
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⣀⢀⡀⡠⣠⣠⣰⣠⣤⣤⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣶⣶⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢠⣀⣴⣶⣴⣵⡟⡿⣮⣭⣯⡜⣯⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⡂⣤⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣾⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣰⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣥⣨⣿⣩⣉⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠦⠤⠤⠤⠥⠤⠴⠿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠙⣿⣿⣾⣿⡾⢇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⢢⣀⣈⠉⠉⠁⠀⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣻⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠉⠉⠙⠛⠻⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣽⣧⣶⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠴⣿⣿⣿⠟⠉⢻⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻
⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠛⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⢿⡿⢿⣿⢿
⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⢾⣿⣞⣿⣻
⣿⣽⣯⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣯⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣽⣿⣯⣿⣽
⣿⣾⣷⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣶⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⢼⣿⣼⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠤⣤⠀⠀⠀⠈⠒⢛⣷⣒⣶⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢘⣼⣿⣾⣿⣿
⠛⠛⠛⠉⠿⠷⡶⠷⣿⢿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⢸⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣦⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣬⣯⣿⣿⣿⣽⣯⣽⣭⣻⣯⣿⣿⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣯⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣝⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣝⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣝⣉⣿⣟⣿⣟⣻⣉⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣟⣻⣿⣻⣿⣿⢿⣿⣏⣽⣻⣿⣿⣟⣟⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣹⣟⣿⣿⣿⢻⣻⣻⣿⣽⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣏⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢿⠿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣛⣿⠻⣿⣿⣿⠋⠛⣻⢿⣿⡻⢙⣻⢻⣿⢿⢟⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⠛⢻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⢿⣿⡿⣿⢿⣿⢿⢿⢿⢿⣿⡿⣿⡿⡿⣿⢿⡿⠿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⡿⢿⠿⡿⣿⡿⡿⢿⢿⡿⠿⢿⢿⣿⣿⠿⠿⡿⣿⡿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣟⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⡿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣶⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣮⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣶⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣽⣿⣿⣾⣿⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣼⣬⣶⣷⣷⣨⣷⣽⣼⣾⣾⣾⣿⣾⣿⣤⣮⣾⣿⣾⣿⣼⣤⣱⣿⣮⣯⣾⣿⣶⣤⣼⣥⣱⣷⣥⣧⣤⣮⣏⣾⣦⣬⣮⣾⣿⣧⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣟⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣯⣉⣋⢙⣽⣍⣩⣻⣻⣟⣩⣿⣿⣽⣉⣩⣿⣿⣠⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣿⣯⣯⣿⣏⣯⣯⣉⣭⣿⣿⣿⣍⣩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⡛⠿⣿⣿⣿⠿⡿⢿⢿⡿⣿⣿⡿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢻⣿⣻⣿⣿⠿⣟⣿⢿⣻⣿⢿⡿⡛⠟⡿⢿⣿⣿⢟⢿⣿⣿⣟⢿⣿⣿⣿⠻⠿⣿⡟⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⢷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⠿⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣵⣷⣿⣾⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⢻⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣄⢀⣀⣀⣀⢀⣠⣄⣀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⡿⠸⢿⣿⠿⢸⣿⡿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⣿⣿⠿⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣹⣷⠀⢸⣿⠀⢸⣿⣷⣿⡁⣿⣿⢹⣿⢿⣧⡀⣿⣿⣛⠀⠀⣸⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠈⠉⠀⠈⠉⠁⠉⠀⠉⠉⠈⠉⠈⠉⠀⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⣰⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣐⣤⣼⣶⣾⣿⣶⣷⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⢀⣠⣕⣠⠀⣄⢠⣵⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⣶⣤⣤⣆⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣾⣿⣿⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣠⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣾⣿⣶⣦⣀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣠⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣴⣶⣶⣦⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣄⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠔⠀⠀⠀⠁⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⡦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣥⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⢀⣠⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣆⣦⣾⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣾⣿⣿⣶⣾⢣⣿⣿⣿⣿⢯⣲⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⠂⠢⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠿⠿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠘⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣶⣾⣶⣶⣾⢧⣾⣿⣿⣇⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠽⢏⡒⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⣍⣛⣛⣻⠿⣟⣛⣛⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠧⠅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠊⠀⣠⣶⣷⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣀⣠⣄⣀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣤⣄⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣥
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⡉⠉⠙⠛⢹⣿⣍⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠩⢿⣿⣿⣿⡍⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠹⠛⢛⣭⡯⣭⣍⢿⣿⡿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡽⣿⣷⡀⠀⠠⢀⡹⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⣮⢅⢩⢷⣄⣠⢰⣿⣿⣿⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡘⢿⣷⡀⣴⣾⣿⡹⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣶⡄⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠠⠥⠀⢛⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡈⠻⠷⢿⡿⠻⠋⠹⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣄⣿⣮⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢱⣶⢹⣿⡏⣿⡟⣿⣷⣾⡅⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⢠⣶⣶⣦⡀⣶⣶⣦⠀⢰⣶⡆⣽⡶⣾⡽⣿⣷⣶⣶⣮⡛⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⢰⣶⣠⣶⠀⣶⣶⣶⣝⣿⣿⣿⣯⣭⣽⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⡇⣿⡇⢿⣷⣭⣹⡆⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⢸⣿⠸⠿⠇⣿⣧⡄⣤⣼⣿⡇⢿⣷⣍⢡⣿⢹⣿⣧⣿⠇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣷⣿⠀⣿⡇⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢸⣿⠘⣿⡇⣿⡇⣷⡏⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⢸⣿⢰⣶⡆⣿⣏⣷⣿⣿⣿⡇⣷⡏⣿⡇⣵⢺⣿⣏⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⢿⣿⠀⣿⡇⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣜⣛⣛⣤⣙⠛⢛⣵⣿⣛⣛⣯⣷⣟⣻⣄⣛⣛⣈⣛⣛⣻⣦⣛⣛⣻⣿⣿⣛⣷⣝⣛⣛⣷⣿⣞⣛⣛⣛⣡⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣘⣛⣜⣛⣀⣛⣛⣛⣧⣿⣿⣿⠙⠻⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⡿⠟⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⡿⡿⠋⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣏⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⢸⠏⠀⢠⡿⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⢄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠁⢸⡇⢠⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠈⠛⣀⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣠⠴⣿⣿⣯⣉⣁⣀⡉⠋⠀⠀⠋⠀⠀⠈⠀⣐⣀⠀⠀⠀⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠹⣷⣾⣿⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠛⠻⠏⠀⢀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠙⡿⠁⢰⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⣠⡄⣰⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⣿⣆⠐⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⡅⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢠⣿⡿⠉⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⡆⡀⢠⣿⣿⣿⠃⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠑⢄⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣅⣾⣿⣿⡷⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡖⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⣻⢀⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⡿⠇⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⠋⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⢇⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠄⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿
⣿⠇⠀⠀⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠇⢠⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣿⣧⣤⠞⢋⠾⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⠿⠛⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣅⣘⣶⣄⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⠟⣫⣷⣿⣧⣤⣾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣏⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⡉⢩⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
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⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠘⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣽⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⢉⣉⣁⣿⣿⣿⣿
⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿
䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 793
╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕
(ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2022/02/11/wintel-not-evolving-fast-enough/#comments
Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2022/02/11/wintel-not-evolving-fast-enough/
⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 02.11.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧
Gemini_version_available_♊︎
✐ Windows_and_Wintel_(x86)_Are_Too_Fat,_and_Not_Evolving_Fast_Enough,_to
Actually_Survive⠀✐
Posted in GNU/Linux, Hardware, Microsoft, Windows at 11:36 am by Dr. Roy
Schestowitz
Video_download_link | md5sum d43c7295059227533dfbbee92563aa2b
Windows Scale Crisis
Creative Commons Attribution-No Derivative Works 4.0
http://techrights.org/videos/small-but-efficient-and-powerful.webm
Summary: GNU/Linux and BSD platforms with a small memory (RAM) footprint and
low CPU/clocking requirements are the way to go; Microsoft and x86 duopolies
are_in_trouble
THE emergence of small and power-efficient devices has been highly beneficial
to GNU/Linux. Now that the price of energy is soaring the advantages associated
with a pivot to “small” computing will certainly be further accentuated.
Samsung tried this years ago, but stopped for unspecified reasons [1, 2].
Raspberry Pi nowadays targets the desktop market (I installed Debian 11 on a
Raspberry Pi 400 device less than 24 hours ago), which might explain why
Microsoft is so desperate to infiltrate (it did so last year and also half a
decade earlier).
“Now that the price of energy is soaring the advantages associated with a pivot
to “small” computing will certainly be further accentuated.”The Linux
Foundation intentionally ignores all that and instead promotes highly polluting
Microsoft by greenwashing_it (it’s paid to promote lies), but we all know that
the future is not x86; Intel’s pivot_to_RISC-V shows the_embattled_Intel
recognising that electricity-hungry motherboard aren’t they way to go; that’s
why “Atom” failed.
There’s even much greater a barrier to Intel’s long-term survival; putting
aside UEFI_‘secure_boot’ and ME back doors, the architecture is far too complex
and eternally broken. These issues aren’t fixable. “Don’t forget about the
unfixable security hole in Intel hardware,” an associate reminds us. “”Spectre”
and “Meltdown” are whole categories of vulnerabilities and there are several
other categories on top of them. Not all are repairable with either kernel
changes or even microcode replacement.” [1, 2, 3] (the second link has a good
chart of two categories) █
“Fat operating systems spend most of their energy supporting their own fat.”
–Nicholas Negroponte, MIT Media Lab, rediff.com, Apr 2006
䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 863
╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕
⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 02.11.22⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧
Gemini_version_available_♊︎
✐ Links_11/2/2022:_RapidDisk_8.1.0_and_Darktable_3.8.1⠀✐
Posted in News_Roundup at 10:44 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz
🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈
§ Contents⠀➾
* GNU/Linux
o Distributions
o Devices/Embedded
* Free_Software/Open_Source
* Leftovers
* § GNU/Linux⠀➾
o § Desktop/Laptop⠀➾
# ⚓ »_GNU_Linux_is_dominating_Space_already_–_“Boldly_Going
Running_(GNU)_Linux_in_Space_–_Sam_Bishop_(LCA_2022_Online)”
|_dwaves.de⠀⇛
that could be a GNU Linux Lenovo floating inside
the ISS…
o § Audiocasts/Shows⠀➾
# ⚓ Facebook’s_Metaverse_Is_Already_Dying_–_Invidious⠀⇛
I don’t know anybody who is excited to exist in
Facebook’s corporate sanitized metaverse and
clearly it’s not doing wel in the stock market but
the whole concept of metaverses aren’t new anyway
and I wish companies would stop pretending they
are.
o § Kernel Space⠀➾
# ⚓ Low_latency_Linux_for_industrial_embedded_systems_–_Part_I
|_Ubuntu⠀⇛
Welcome to this mini blog series on the low latency
Linux kernel for industrial embedded systems!
The real-time patch, which is not fully upstream
yet, has had many developers wonder about stable
alternatives for their projects adopting an
embedded Linux operating system (OS) with latency
requirements in the milliseconds’ range. The low-
latency Ubuntu Linux kernel from Canonical is less
costly to maintain than real-time alternatives.
PREEMPT_RT is an intrusive patchset that may not be
compatible with all required drivers and may
require debugging/reworking, whereas low latency is
a configuration flavour of mainline.
The low latency Ubuntu kernel has the maximum
preemption currently available in mainline
(PREEMPT), coupled with four times the timer
granularity of the generic Ubuntu kernel (HZ_1000
for low latency vs HZ_250 for generic).
If this sentence is crystal-clear to you and if you
are familiar with the concepts, you may want to
jump ahead to the remaining two blogs of his three-
part blog series. Part I of the series is for those
at the beginning of their learning journey. Here,
we will provide a basic introduction to preemptable
processes in multiuser systems, and memory
segregation into kernel and user space. Building on
this knowledge, we will tackle preemption and
frequency of the timer interrupt in Part II.
Finally, Part III of this three-part blog series
will put everything together and delve into the
considerations behind adopting low-latency Ubuntu
for your embedded applications.
o § Applications⠀➾
# ⚓ RapidDisk_8.1.0_now_available⠀⇛
RapidDisk is an advanced Linux RAM Disk which
consists of a collection of modules and an
administration tool. Features include: Dynamically
allocate RAM as block device. Use them as stand
alone disk drives or even map them as caching nodes
to slower local disk drives. Access those drives
locally or export those volumes across an NVMe
Target network.
# ⚓ Darktable_3.8.1_Released_with_Faster_Heal_Tool,_New_Noise
Profiles,_and_Many_Bug_Fixes⠀⇛

Coming one and a half months after darktable 3.8,
this release speeds up the retouch’s heal tool by
using better parallelism, adds noise profiles for
the Canon EOS D60 and Samsung NX1000 digital
cameras, adds support for the Spanish and Dutch
languages for the documentation, and fixes numerous
bugs.
Darktable 3.8.1 also adds a large red message that
will prompt users when their digital cameras have
missing samples, which you can upload at https://
raw.pixls.us/. Moreover, this point release re-adds
support for the cameras that were removed in
version 3.8, but only for a short period of time.
o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾
# ⚓ How_To_Install_Apache_Maven_on_Fedora_35_–_idroot⠀⇛
In this tutorial, we will show you how to install
Apache Maven on Fedora 35. For those of you who
didn’t know, Apache Maven is a software project
management and comprehension tool. Based on the
concept of a project object model (POM), Maven can
manage a project’s build, reporting, and
documentation from a central piece of information.
It helps you to get all the necessary libraries
that you need to build your application.
This article assumes you have at least basic
knowledge of Linux, know how to use the shell, and
most importantly, you host your site on your own
VPS. The installation is quite simple and assumes
you are running in the root account, if not you may
need to add ‘sudo‘ to the commands to get root
privileges. I will show you the step-by-step
installation of the Apache Maven on a Fedora 35.
# ⚓ How_to_install_and_configure_Postfix_on_Debian_|_FOSS
Linux⠀⇛
Postfix is one of the most widely used free MTAs
(Mail Transfer Agents). It is open-source and has
been inactive development since its inception. It
was made to overcome the shortcomings of Sendmail,
and it has come a long way since then.
Some of the key characteristics of Postfix are its
modular design, great security tools, comprehensive
documentation, and easy configuration. It is also
compatible with Sendmail, so most of the tools that
Sendmail boosts are also supported here.
# ⚓ How_to_Install_VLC_Media_Player_on_Linux⠀⇛
Don’t let the entertainment stop on your Linux
desktop. Install VLC Media Player and start playing
your favorite music or movies right away.
# ⚓ whmapi_to_change_cpanel_user_account_password_using_SSH._|
Elinux.co.in⠀⇛
If you want to reset CPanel user account password
using SSH then run below command.
# ⚓ whmapi_to_add_domain_DNS_using_SSH⠀⇛
If you want to add the domain DNS then you can run
below command.
# ⚓ How_to_install_Pinta_on_Zorin_OS_16_–_Invidious [Ed: But
Pinta is Microsoft_Mono injection vector]⠀⇛
# ⚓ How_to_install_FnF_Spritesheet_and_XML_Maker_on_a
Chromebook⠀⇛
Today we are looking at how to install FnF
Spritesheet and XML Maker on a Chromebook. Please
follow the video/audio guide as a tutorial where we
explain the process step by step and use the
commands below.
# ⚓ How_do_I_search_for_an_available_Python_package_using_pip?
–_Darryl_Dias⠀⇛
If you are searching for packages using Pip you may
come accross this error. This is because after
December 2020 pip search functionality has been
discontinued, due to unmanageable load on PyPi’s
XMLRPC API service.
# ⚓ How_to_Install_NordVPN_on_Ubuntu⠀⇛
If you are searching for packages using Pip you may
come accross this error. This is because after
December 2020 functionality has been discontinued…
o § Games⠀➾
# ⚓ Get_ready_to_sweat_with_VR_rhythm_game_Groove_Gunner_out
now_|_GamingOnLinux⠀⇛
Got the moves? Have a VR kit at the ready? Groove
Gunner from BitCutter Studios Inc has released from
Early Access today and it’s one you might get a
little hot with.
It’s a rhythm game, in a vaguely similar way to
Beat Saber except here you’ve got guns and shield.
You also don’t cut through anything but have to
shoot targets at a specific time and point, while
also blocking incoming glowing balls. A thoroughly
challenging game, and a pretty excellent workout.
The tunes it comes with are pretty damn great too,
as the developer teamed up with a bunch of indie
artists with a varied genre set.
# ⚓ Turning_The_PS4_Into_A_Useful_Linux_Machine_|_Hackaday⠀⇛
When the PlayStation 3 first launched, one of its
most lauded features was its ability to officially
run full Linux distributions. This was of course
famously and permanently borked by Sony with a
software update after a few years, presumably since
the console was priced too low to make a profit and
Sony didn’t want to indirectly fund server farms
made out of relatively inexpensive hardware. Of
course a decision like this to keep Linux off a
computer system is only going to embolden Linux
users to put it on those same systems, and in that
same vein this project turns a more modern
Playstation 4 into a Kubernetes cluster with the
help of the infamous OS.
o § Desktop Environments/WMs⠀➾
# § K Desktop Environment/KDE SC/Qt⠀➾
# ⚓ The_9_Best_KDE-Based_Distros_for_Avid_Linux_Users⠀⇛
KDE Plasma lets you customize the desktop
with no limitations. Here are the top nine
Linux distros that ship with the KDE desktop
out-of-the-box.
As a desktop environment, KDE Plasma is
marketed with unique features, including
visually-rich desktop computing fully packed
with nifty utilities. Many in-demand Linux
distros available in the market offer a KDE
flavor variant for users.
Here’s a list of the top nine distros based
on KDE Plasma, which you must check out.
o § Distributions⠀➾
# ⚓ Should_You_Use_a_New,_Obscure_Linux_Distro_or_Stick_With
the_Mainstream_Ones?⠀⇛
When you start using Linux on your desktop, you
probably stick with the beginner-friendly distros
like Ubuntu or Linux Mint.
As you get familiar with Linux and start loving it,
you join Linux related communities on various
social channels, follow websites that share Linux
content (like It’s FOSS). And when you do that, you
also start discovering new, rather unknown
distributions.
Since you are new to the scene, you may get tempted
to try one distro after another and fell down the
‘distrohopping’ slope.
# § Reviews⠀➾
# ⚓ Peppermint_OS_2022-02-02_Scraps_LXDE_in_Favor_of_Xfce
[Review]⠀⇛
We review the Peppermint OS 2022-02-02
release in terms of performance stability and
give you an overview of the exciting changes
of this version.
# § SUSE/OpenSUSE⠀➾
# ⚓ Latest_Plasma_Lands_in_Tumbleweed,_Set_for_Leap
Beta⠀⇛

This week’s openSUSE Tumbleweed snapshots
delivered exciting news not only to rolling
release users, but also brought significant
news for users of the long-established Leap
release.
KDE’s next Long-Term Support (LTS) release,
Plasma 5.24, arrived in a recent snapshot,
and it brings the “Perfect Harmony” for both
Tumbleweed and Leap users. Plasma 5.24 will
be one of the Desktop Environments (DE) in
Leap 15.4; the beta version of Leap 15.4 is
expected to be released for testing with the
new Plasma version within the next couple of
weeks, according to the roadmap.
# § IBM/Red Hat/Fedora⠀➾
# ⚓ How_we_should_think_about_cloud_lock-in [Ed: Red Hat
employees now writing ‘the news’ at IDG; So-called
‘news’ sites have ‘reinvented’ themselves as #marketing
agencies, rendering more and more of the WWW nothing
other than webspam.]⠀⇛
At Red Hat, Scott McCarty is senior principal
product manager for RHEL Server, arguably the
largest open source software business in the
world. Focus areas include cloud, containers,
workload expansion, and automation. Working
closely with customers, partners, engineering
teams, sales, marketing, other product teams,
and even in the community, Scott combines
personal experience with customer and partner
feedback to enhance and tailor strategic
capabilities in Red Hat Enterprise Linux.
# ⚓ Command_Line_Heroes:_Season_8:_Broadcasting_the_Robot
Revolution⠀⇛
Season 8 covers the robots that are in our
midst—and the determined dreamers who bring
them to life.
# ⚓ Check_out_the_Kubernetes_Documentary [Ed: Marketing
is now disguised as "documentary" and "journalists"
like Alex Handy are being recruited by the companies
they cover]⠀⇛
When an open source project takes off, there
are often a few years of excitement, and then
a slowing of enthusiasm as other methods,
technologies and paradigms begin to take hold
and the project matures. And then there’s
Kubernetes. Over the past 9 years not only
has Kubernetes grown, but the rate at which
it has grown has also grown. The world of
Kubernetes is now much larger than just
Kubernetes.
Back in 2013, while folks around the world
were preparing for the move to cloud by
building out new tools, new databases and new
programming languages, one project took the
holistic approach of offering a more cohesive
cloud experience based on Linux containers.
That project brought together the incredible
power of open source software, Linux and
massive scale computing to provide us with a
fresh field in which to innovate, expand and
stabilize cloud operations.
# § Canonical/Ubuntu Family⠀➾
# ⚓ 8_Best_note-taking_apps_for_Linux_such_as_Ubuntu⠀⇛

Note Taking apps are not only limited to
smartphones, Mac, or Windows systems; Linux
users can also get them easily as there are
many open source projects to offer such
applications. You can choose the one
depending on what and, above all, how much
you would like to write down. With color
markings and keyword labels, you can keep
shopping lists, notes, logs, or philosophical
ideas apart. Further, a user can also attach
photos to his notes, and if typing takes too
long, you can also use the voice memos or
have spoken words converted into text.
o § Devices/Embedded⠀➾
# § Open Hardware/Modding⠀➾
# ⚓ Adorable_robots_mimic_Internet_cookies_|_Arduino
Blog⠀⇛
If you’re like most people, you click “accept
all” whenever a website asks you to allow
cookies. That button is big and enticing,
begging you to click so you can get to your
content without thinking about the purpose of
the cookies. That purpose is usually to serve
you personalized ads, but you let the website
track you because it asked you in a nice way.
To replicate that effect in a tangible way,
Guillaume Slizewicz built these Arduino-
controlled robots.
“Accept All” is an art installation Nemur,
Belgium’s Le Pavillon. It consists of a few
small wheeled robots that drive around the
room. When they see a person, they scurry
over to bump into that person’s shins. And
people are happy to let them, because the
robots are very cute. One has silly little
horns. Another wears a grass hula skirt.
Another looks like a jelly fish going through
a goth phase. As with Internet cookies,
people comply with the robots’ minor
annoyance because they are pleasant.
# § Mobile Systems/Mobile Applications⠀➾
# ⚓ Android_13_developer_preview_released_with_privacy,
security,_and_productivity_improvements_–_CNX
Software⠀⇛
# ⚓ Google_drops_the_first_developer_preview_of_Android
13_–_Liliputing⠀⇛
# ⚓ Android_13_will_disable_all_haptics_in_Silent_mode⠀⇛
# ⚓ Have_Android_12_on_your_phone?_Check_out_these_hidden
features_–_CNET⠀⇛
# ⚓ How_to_Open_and_Convert_HEIC_Images_on_Android⠀⇛
# ⚓ How_to_customize_your_Android_status_bar⠀⇛
# ⚓ Android_app_deals_of_the_day:_Mars_Power_Industries,
Rogue_Hearts,_Baldur’s_Gate_II,_more_–_9to5Toys⠀⇛
# ⚓ iQoo_9_India_Launch_Announced:_Here’s_What_To_Expect
From_Next_Android_Flagship⠀⇛
o § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾
# ⚓ 7_Best_Free_and_Open_Source_Status_Page_Systems⠀⇛

A status page system is software that lets you
communicate incidents, schedule maintenance and
downtimes with your customers.
A status page can be public or private. Public
stage pages engender customer trust and demonstrate
the reliability of a platform. Private status pages
are useful to communicate incidents with internal
stakeholders.
Status page systems offer control over how to
communicate an incident on the status page. Good
systems let you notify customers and stakeholders
in real time reducing the volume of customer
support queries.
# § Web Browsers⠀➾
# § Chromium⠀➾
# ⚓ My_Favorite_Vim_Commands_in_Chrome⠀⇛
Vimium lets you use Vim commands from
inside Chrome
# § Mozilla⠀➾
# ⚓ Users_say_that_Firefox_97_fixes_hardware_video
acceleration_issues_on_Linux⠀⇛
Firefox 97 was released this week, and
on paper, it didn’t seem to bring
anything important for a major version
update. Well, there are changes that
the release notes did not mention.
# ⚓ Mozilla_Localization_(L10N):_L10n_Report:
January_2022_Edition⠀⇛
# ⚓ Firefox_Nightly:_These_Weeks_in_Firefox:_Issue
109⠀⇛
# § Productivity Software/LibreOffice/Calligra⠀➾
# ⚓ LibreOffice_ecosystem_interview:_Thorsten_Behrens_at
allotropia⠀⇛

We strive to be a full-service shop for all
things LibreOffice. Just to list a few
examples, we have helped companies to train
their internal development team alongside a
LibreOffice migration; we’re regularly
developing bug fixes and new features for the
office suite, and we’re also maintaining a
number of extensions for the benefit of the
entire ecosystem (e.g. the LibreOffice
Eclipse development plugin, the Edit in
LibreOffice Nextcloud plugin, or the
LibreOffice Starter Extension).
Additionally, we’re offering LTS (long-time
supported) versions of LibreOffice, via our
partner CIB software GmbH. In the same vein,
we also maintain customer-specific LTS
branches, in case a larger organisation has
decided to stick with one particular version
of the suite.
And not to forget, allotropia also sponsors
Michael Stahl, one of the editors of the
OpenDocument Format, to keep the ODF standard
evolving and keeping up with all the new
LibreOffice features that need saving to
disk.
# § Programming/Development⠀➾
# ⚓ Optimization_is_Fragile⠀⇛
Optimization is often seen as the highest
good. Programs that run more efficiently.
Processes that run faster. But optimization
is a trade-off and optimization is rigid.
Especially early on, optimization should be
an anti-goal. Instead, solve for optionality
and eschew constraints.
# ⚓ Reed-alert:_five_years_later⠀⇛
I wrote a simple software using an old
programming language (Common LISP ANSI is
from 1994), the result is that it’s reliable
over time, require no code maintenance and is
fun to code on.
# ⚓ [Old] Making_the_ZFS_file_system⠀⇛
This week Matt Ahrens joins Adam to talk
about ZFS. Matt co-founded the ZFS project at
Sun Microsystems in 2001. And 20 years later
Adam picked up ZFS for use in his home lab
and loved it. So, he reached out to Matt and
invited him on the show. They cover the
origins of the file system, its journey from
proprietary to open source, architecture
choices like copy-on-write, the ins and outs
of creating and managing ZFS, RAID-Z and
RAID-Z expansion, and Matt even shares plans
for ZFS in the cloud with ZFS object store.
# ⚓ ZUI_For_Zsh_Hackers⠀⇛
So, a Zshell code generates text. It is then
turned into document with hyperlinks. DHTML-
like calls are possible that will regenerate
document parts on the fly. Page can be also
reloaded with input data, just like an HTML
page. A voiced below or download file from
google drive or watch youtube video at the
end, that shows how to create an application
– Nmap network scanner frontend.
# ⚓ Nibble_Stew:_Typesetting_an_Entire_Book_Part_IV:_The
Content⠀⇛
In previous blog posts (such as seals this
one) we looked into typesetting a book with
various FOSS tools. Those have used existing
content from Project Gutenberg. However it
would be a whole lot nicer to do this with
your own content, especially since a pandemic
quarantine has traditionally been a fruitful
time to write books. Thus for completeness I
ventured out to write my own. After a fair
bit of time typing, retyping, typesetting,
imposing, printing, gluing, sandpapering and
the like, here is the 244 page product that
eventually emerged from the pipeline.
[....]
In fact, let’s be scientific and estimate how
unlikely it would be. The first hurdle is
getting the book published. Statistics say
that only one book out of a thousand offered
to publishers actually gets published. Even
if it did get published and you had a
physical copy in your hands, you probably
still could not read it, since it is written
in Finnish, a language that is understood
only by 0.1 percent of the planet’s
population. If we estimate how many people
who could read it actually would read it then
the chances are again roughly one of a
thousand.
# ⚓ Qt_Creator_7_–_CMake_update⠀⇛
# § Shell/Bash/Zsh/Ksh⠀➾
# ⚓ Zshrc_File_Explained_in_10_Easy_to_Understand
Points⠀⇛
.Zshrc is a configuration file that
contains the commands that run the zsh
shell, just like the .bashrc file that
contains commands for the bash shell.
It contains scripts that run whenever
an interactive zsh session is launched.
In Linux, the file is stored in the
home/user directory as a hidden file.
The file can be edited to customize the
zsh experience, but it is not advised
to customize it. The file is also
hidden and stored in the user’s home
directory in macOS. The file is
automatically created when the Zsh
shell is installed on a system. Today,
we will look at the .zshrc file in
quite some detail.
# ⚓ What_is_Zsh?_Should_You_Use_it?⠀⇛
Nowadays, the active development of
both open source projects is keeping
both shells close to each other in
terms of general features and
functionality, but there are a few
small differences on how to do certain
things. Zsh is more powerful and
customizable by default, while Bash may
require some extra scripts (plugins) to
achieve some things.
On a wider view, the main features that
make Zsh shine over Bash are: [...]
# ⚓ [Old] Fish_vs._Zsh_vs._Bash_and_Why_You_Should
Switch_to_Fish⠀⇛
Here’s a fact, most developers love
Unix and Unix-like (Linux-based)
operating systems such as macOS,
Ubuntu, etc. They are stable, powerful,
highly customizable, and they have the
mighty Unix Shell.
# ⚓ [Old] Fish_for_bash_users⠀⇛
This is to give you a quick overview if
you come from bash (or to a lesser
extent other shells like zsh or ksh)
and want to know how fish differs. Fish
is intentionally not POSIX-compatible
and as such some of the things you are
used to work differently.
Many things are similar – they both
fundamentally expand commandlines to
execute commands, have pipes,
redirections, variables, globs, use
command output in various ways. This
document is there to quickly show you
the differences.
* § Leftovers⠀➾
o ⚓ I_Went_Back_to_Warn_Them⠀⇛
o ⚓ West_Virginia_Students_Stage_Walkout_After_School_Hosts_Christian
Revival⠀⇛
o ⚓ Jean-François_Fortin_Tam:_Year_MMXX_summarized_in_7_minutes⠀⇛
In January, one of my students/friends, Aida, died with
her husband Arvin and 174 other passengers. She was 33
years old, and had just obtained her PhD a few weeks
earlier. That hit me pretty hard.
o § Education⠀➾
# ⚓ Mared_Foulkes:_Cardiff_University_apologises_after
suicide⠀⇛
Mared Foulkes, 21, from Menai Bridge, Anglesey,
received a results email that did not take account
of her resit mark.
# ⚓ Cardiff_University_apologises_over_death_of_student_wrongly
told_she_had_failed⠀⇛
An inquest heard that Ms Foulkes received an
automated email from the university hours before
her death saying that she had failed her recent
exams and would not be moving on to the third year.
However, her result was later updated by the
university to a pass. Tragically, Ms Foulkes, of
Cae Uchaf Farm, Menai Bridge, Anglesey, had already
taken her own life before the mistake was
rectified.
# ⚓ In_Iraq’s_Mosul,_library_rises_from_ashes_of_IS_reign⠀⇛
The storied library of Iraq’s Mosul University
boasted a million titles before Islamic State group
jihadists rampaged through it, toppling book
shelves and burning ancient texts.
Now, almost five years after their defeat, the war-
battered northern metropolis is trying to rebuild
the pride of the city long known as a literature
hub boasting countless booksellers and archives
guarding rare manuscripts.
o § Hardware⠀➾
# ⚓ Resin-Printed_Gears_Versus_PLA:_Which_Is_Tougher?_|
Hackaday⠀⇛
When it comes to making gearboxes, 3D printing has
the benefit that it lets you whip up whatever
strange gears you might need without a whole lot of
hunting around at obscure gear suppliers. This is
particularly good for those outside the limited
radius served by McMaster Carr. When it came to 3D
printed gears though, [Michael Rechtin] wondered
whether PLA or resin-printed gears performed
better, and decided to investigate.
The subject of the test is a 3D-printed compound
planetary gearbox, designed for a NEMA-17 motor
with an 80:1 reduction. The FDM printer was a
Creality CR10S, while the Creality LD02-H was on
resin duty.
# ⚓ CX-6000_Pen_Plotter_Upgrade_|_Hackaday⠀⇛
[Terje Io] decided to breathe new life into an old
pen plotter — the CX6000 from C. Itoh, a Japanese
company that made several printers for Apple in the
1980s. He keeps most of the framework, but the
electronics get a major overhaul. The old motors
are replaced, the controller and motor drivers are
modernized using a Raspberry Pi Pico and stepper
motor drivers. After tending to other auxiliary
electronics like the control panel and limit
switches, it’s time to deal with the firmware.
# ⚓ There’s_A_Wrinkle_In_This_3D_Printed_Wankel_|_Hackaday⠀⇛
Rotary engines such as the Wankel have strange
shapes that can be difficult to machine (as
evidenced by the specialized production machines
and patents in the 70s), which means it lends
itself well to be 3D printed. The downside is that
the tolerances, like most engines, are pretty
tight, and it is difficult for a printer to match
them. Not to be dissuaded, [3DprintedLife] designed
and built a 3D printed liquid piston rotary engine.
The liquid piston engine is not a Wankel and is
more akin to an inside-out Wankel. The seals are on
the housing, not the rotor itself, and there are
three “chambers” instead of two.
The first of many iterations didn’t run. There was
too much friction, but there were some positive
signs as pressure was trapped in a chamber and
released as it turned. The iterations continued,
impressively not using any o-rings to seal, but
instead standing each part down using a 1-2-3 block
as a flat reference, within 25 microns of the
design. Despite his care and attention to detail,
it still couldn’t self-sustain. He theorizes that
it could be due to the resin being softer than
other materials he has used in the past. Not to be
left empty-handed, he built a dynamo to test his
new engine out. It was a load cell and an encoder
to measure speed and force. His encoder had trouble
keeping up, so he ordered some optical limit
switches.
# ⚓ Apollo_Lake_panel_PCs_are_ready_for_the_slime_and_grime⠀⇛
Avalue’s 15-inch and 21.5-inch “SPC-series” panel
PCs combine an Apollo Lake SoC with IP66 and IP69K
waterproofing, M12 ports, acid-alkali and bacteria
resistance, and sunlight-readable screens.
Avalue announced a pair of rugged SPC-series panel
PCs. The 15-inch SPC-1533-B1 and 21-inch SPC-2133-
B1 support Linux, Android x86 8.1, or Win 10,
running on a quad-core, 1.5GHz/2.3GHz Celeron J3455
with 10W TDP from Intel’s Apollo Lake generation.
The mainboard is Avalue’s EMX-APLP thin Mini-ITX
board.
o § Health/Nutrition/Agriculture⠀➾
# ⚓ Public_Health_Experts_Warn_Against_Premature_End_of_School
Mask_Mandates⠀⇛
With several Democratic governors heeding the calls
of what public health experts call a “vocal
minority” and doing away with school mask mandates,
epidemiologists and physicians from across the U.S.
are warning that ending Covid-19 mitigation
measures as thousands of Americans are still dying
each day will “will inevitably lead to a rise” in
cases.
In an open letter written Wednesday and spearheaded
by four experts at Columbia University, nearly two
dozen public health researchers and practitioners
expressed concern that calls from “pundits on cable
news and national media outlets…for mask ‘off-
ramps’” have pushed the governors of New Jersey,
Rhode Island, and Connecticut to announce end dates
for school mask mandate despite ongoing risk.
# ⚓ “We_Kept_Looking_for_a_Hospital_Bed”:_the_Public_Healthcare
Crisis_in_Uttar_Pradesh⠀⇛
# ⚓ For_Fraction_of_Pentagon_Budget,_World_Could_Prevent_1.5
Million_Covid_Deaths⠀⇛
A research paper published Thursday estimates that
providing three coronavirus vaccine doses to every
person in low- and lower-middle-income countries
would prevent over a million deaths for the cost of
$61 billion—a fraction of the $778 billion U.S.
military budget for fiscal year 2022.
“We have more than one million reasons to vaccinate
the world.”
# ⚓ Pharma-Funded_Republican_Blocks_Sanders’s_Demand_for_Vote
on_Drug_Price_Bill⠀⇛
# ⚓ GOP_Blocks_Sanders_Effort_to_Force_Vote_on_Slashing_Drug
Prices⠀⇛
Republican Sen. Mike Crapo of Idaho blocked Sen.
Bernie Sanders’ attempt Wednesday to force a vote
on legislation that would slash prescription drug
prices, thwarting the Vermont senator’s effort to
fast-track the new bill as the pharmaceutical
industry rushes to hike costs in the new year.
“A lifesaving prescription drug does not mean
anything if you cannot afford to buy that drug.”
o § Integrity/Availability⠀➾
# § Proprietary⠀➾
# ⚓ Windows_Explorer:_Improper_Exif_Data_Removal⠀⇛
There is an issue with this feature: it does
not properly remove Exif data.
# ⚓ Washington_state_agency_says_data_of_hundreds_of
thousands_of_professionals_may_have_been_breached⠀⇛
The Washington State Department of Licensing
(DOL) announced Friday that it had detected
irregular activity on one of its online
systems last month and that the personal data
of professional licensees may have been
breached.
Those licensees include more than 250,000
professionals, according to The Seattle
Times.
The DOL said that it detected suspicious
activity involving professional and
occupational license information the week of
January 24 and that it had shut down its
Professional Online Licensing and Regulatory
Information System (POLARIS).
# ⚓ Global_political_and_business_leaders_warn_of
possible_Russian-sponsored_cyber_attacks⠀⇛
With tensions mounting in Ukraine, the New
York Department of Financial Services and the
European Central Bank are alerting
governments, businesses, and financial
institutions to prepare for a possible state-
sponsored cyber attack from Russia.
# ⚓ Apple_wants_to_know_why_you_hate_Safari⠀⇛
Jen Simmons, an Apple evangelist and
developer advocate on the Web Developer
Experience team for Safari and WebKit, was
clearly taken aback by the responses.
# ⚓ How_ShotSpotter_fights_criticism_and_leverages
federal_cash_to_win_police_contracts⠀⇛
But Johnson, the chief deputy for Arkansas’
Sixth Judicial District Office of the
Prosecuting Attorney, hadn’t seen much proof
that ShotSpotter was helping the problem in
Little Rock, which was suffering from one of
its worst years of gun violence. He thought
the money Little Rock was paying the company
— about $143,000 a year to lease gunshot
detection devices covering a 2-square-mile
section of the city, backed by a federal
grant — would get better results if it was
used on a more proven technology.
Johnson responded less than an hour after he
received Clark’s email.
“Although I obviously don’t have personal
knowledge of all gun violence cases that
happen in Little Rock, I do review every
homicide case that happens here and have
never seen a file with shotspotter
information,” he wrote, according to emails
obtained by NBC News through a public records
request.
# § Security⠀➾
# ⚓ CISA_Adds_15_Known_Exploited_Vulnerabilities_to
Catalog [Ed: Microsoft_dominates_the_list]⠀⇛
CISA has added 15 new vulnerabilities
to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities
Catalog, based on evidence that threat
actors are actively exploiting the
vulnerabilities listed in the table
below. These types of vulnerabilities
are a frequent attack vector for
malicious cyber actors of all types and
pose significant risk to the federal
enterprise.
# § Fear, Uncertainty, Doubt/Fear-mongering/
Dramatisation⠀➾
# ⚓ Linux_malware_attacks_are_on_the_rise,
and_businesses_aren’t_ready_for_it [Ed: And
now it’s Microsoft’s_ZDNet amplifying
VMware’s_FUD_attack_on_Linux, which VMware
ripped off and is now trying to blame for
ransomware that specifically targets
VMware]⠀⇛
# ⚓ VMware_Details_Malware_Threats_in_Linux
Multi-Cloud_Implementations_—
Virtualization_Review [Ed: Microsoft sites
uses VMware for Linux FUD]⠀⇛
While Windows is generally seen
as the most malware-vulnerable
OS, cloud computing is mostly
done on Linux, so VMware has
published a threat report about
malware in Linux-based multi-
cloud environments.
# § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾
# ⚓ Senator_Blumenthal,_After_Years_Of
Denial,_Admits_He’s_Targeting_Encryption
With_EARN_IT⠀⇛
Senator Richard Blumenthal has
now admitted that EARN IT is
targeting encryption, something
he denied for two years, and then
just out and said it.
# ⚓ The_Top_Ten_Mistakes_Senators_Made_During
Today’s_EARN_IT_Markup⠀⇛
Today, the Senate Judiciary
Committee unanimously approved
the EARN IT Act and sent that
legislation to the Senate floor.
As drafted, the bill will be a
disaster. Only by monitoring what
users communicate could tech
services avoid vast new
liability, and only by
abandoning, or compromising, end-
to-end encryption, could they
implement such monitoring. Thus,
the bill poses a dire threat to
the privacy, security and safety
of law-abiding Internet users
around the world, especially
those whose lives depend on
having messaging tools that
governments cannot crack. Aiding
such dissidents is precisely why
it was the U.S. government that
initially funded the development
of the end-to-end encryption
(E2EE) now found in Signal,
Whatsapp and other such tools.
Even worse, the bill will do the
opposite of what it claims:
instead of helping law
enforcement crack down on child
sexual abuse material (CSAM), the
bill will actually help the most
odious criminals walk free.
# ⚓ Gambling_with_Our_Privacy:_New_Report
Shows_the_Reality_of_Surveillance
Advertising⠀⇛
It’s appropriate that the
gambling industry’s use of online
surveillance and profiling should
be examined in this way, since it
pioneered the approach in the
physical world, as the report
explains: “Typical large casinos
are high-security areas with an
estimated 3,000 cameras
monitoring every step and
activity in order to detect
suspicious behavioral patterns
and persons”.
# ⚓ Key_Senators_Have_Voted_For_The_Anti-
Encryption_EARN_IT_Act⠀⇛
The bill could now be voted on by
the full Senate at any time, or
worse, included as part of a
different “must-pass” legislative
package. We need you to contact
your representatives in Congress
today to tell them to vote
against this bill.
# ⚓ Critics_Warn_of_‘Lethal_Impact_on
Privacy’_as_Senate_Advances_EARN_IT_Act⠀⇛
Digital rights advocates on
Thursday decried the U.S.
Senate’s advance of a
controversial bill that would
purportedly hold tech companies
accountable for sexually
exploitative content, but that
one prominent opponent said would
“have a lethal impact on privacy,
security, and free speech.”
“Though nominally aimed at
reducing the spread of child
sexual abuse material online, it
could exacerbate that problem.”
# ⚓ Apple_says_it_will_make_unknown_AirTags
alert_you_sooner⠀⇛
Most importantly, Apple says it’s
updating its algorithm to more
quickly notify users that an
unwanted tracker may be on their
person. It also says iPhone 11,
12, and 13 users will be able to
use Precision Finding to see
exactly where an unknown AirTag
is when within range, something
that only the owner of the AirTag
could do previously. When
receiving alerts, Apple also says
it will begin simultaneously
sending notifications to iPhones
when an unknown AirTag first
plays a sound alert — currently,
if you miss hearing a ping, there
won’t necessarily be a
notification waiting for you on
your iPhone or vice versa. This
measure is meant to help in cases
where an AirTag’s speaker may
have been tampered with.
Regarding sound alerts, Apple
also says it will emphasize
louder tones going forward.
# ⚓ Chat_control:_10_principles_to_defend
children_in_the_digital_age⠀⇛
On 9 February 2022, EDRi releases
our 10 principles for derogating
from the ePrivacy Directive for
the purpose of detecting online
child sexual abuse material
(CSAM). Our goal is to make sure
that any EU proposal to detect
online child sexual abuse
material (CSAM) is in line with
the EU’s fundamental rights
obligations, in particular that
measures are based on law, serve
a legitimate aim in a democratic
society, and are objectively
necessary and proportionate to
that aim. We reiterate these
obligations ahead of the European
Commission’s proposal for a long-
term law to derogate from the
ePrivacy Directive for the
purpose of detecting online child
sexual abuse material (CSAM),
which is expected at the end of
Q1 2022.
# ⚓ Twitter_Reportedly_Developing_Long-Form
‘Articles’_Feature⠀⇛
From microblogging site to
digital broadsheet: Twitter is
reportedly working on a new
feature that will allow users to
write and post long-form
articles.
First spotted by Jane Manchun
Wong, so-called “Twitter
Articles” could mean lengthy
broadcasts unencumbered by the
current 280-character limit. Wong
previously unveiled Twitter
features like verification
requests, a reminder to add image
alt text before posting, and
video playback speed options.
# ⚓ Twitter_Articles_Feature_Reportedly_in
the_Works,_Could_Offer_Support_for_Longer
Posts⠀⇛
Twitter is reportedly working on
a “Twitter Articles” feature that
could allow users to post tweets
with longer text. According to
details shared by a reverse
engineering expert on Twitter,
the company may allow users to
write posts beyond the existing
280-character limit on the
platform. Currently, users can
tweet longer text pieces using
threads, but the new feature
could allow for uninterrupted
text on a single tweet. Twitter
said that it will reveal details
about Twitter Articles in the
future.
# ⚓ Twitter_may_soon_allow_users_to_write
article-style_posts⠀⇛
As of now, not much is known
about the upcoming feature. But
it is likely that it will allow
Twitter users to write article-
style posts on Twitter exceeding
the current 280 character limit.
It is also being said that the
feature will not be available for
all users. Instead, it will be
restricted to select categories
of accounts like Super Followers
and Twitter Blue subscribers.
# ⚓ Mac_users_report_Zoom_using_their
microphone_outside_calls⠀⇛
# § Confidentiality⠀➾
# ⚓ Using_RSA_Securely_in_2022⠀⇛
If you can somehow avoid
using RSA (i.e. using
Elliptic Curve Cryptography
instead), then don’t use
RSA at all. Then you can
skip this blog post
entirely and all is right
in the world.
If you can’t avoid RSA, and
you’re encrypting messages,
at least make sure you’re
not encrypting messages
with RSA directly. (RSA
signatures are
significantly less scary
than RSA encryption.) Also,
don’t use the same RSA
keypair for both
operations.
o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾
# ⚓ There_Was_a_Young_Man_from_Dara’a:_Missing_in_Syria⠀⇛
Khalid promised me a tour of his city. And we
eventually went there together, but only after the
uprising had begun, his beloved birthplace
transformed into a garrisoned city with checkpoints
along now subdued streets. Dara’a would fall into
rebel hands but was recently liberated by
government forces. (Although Khalid himself would
not witness any of those battles.)
Neither Dara’a city nor its countryside included
Syria’s notable archeological sites or charming
parks where families enjoy Friday outings. In 2011
because of its proximity to the Jordanian border,
Dhara’a became a point for the infiltration into
Syria of rebels and arms planned and funded by the
U.S., U.K., Israel and Jordan.
# ⚓ Yet_Another_Israeli_Malware_Manufacturer_Found_Selling_To
Human_Rights_Abusers,_Targeting_iPhones⠀⇛
Exploit developer NSO Group may be swallowing up
the negative limelight these days, but let’s not
forget the company has plenty of competitors. The
US government’s blacklisting of NSO arrived with a
concurrent blacklisting of malware purveyor,
Candiru — another Israeli firm with a long list of
questionable customers, including Uzbekistan, Saudi
Arabia, United Arab Emirates, and Singapore.
# ⚓ Surprise:_U.S._Cost_Of_Ripping_Out_And_Replacing_Huawei
Gear_Jumps_From_$1.8_To_$5.6_Billion⠀⇛
So we’ve noted that a lot of the U.S. politician
accusations that Huawei uses its network hardware
to spy on Americans on behalf of the Chinese
government are lacking in the evidence department.
The company’s been on the receiving end of a
sustained U.S. government ban based on accusations
that have never actually been proven publicly,
levied by a country (the United States) with a
long, long history of doing exactly what it accuses
Huawei of doing.
# ⚓ Civilian_Casualties_in_Yemen_Nearly_Doubled_Since_Saudis
Backed_Ouster_of_Outside_Monitor⠀⇛
A humanitarian aid group said Thursday that
civilian casualties in Yemen have nearly doubled
since the end of the sole United Nations-backed
independent monitoring group investigating possible
rights violations and other abuses in the war-
ravaged country.
“With no one to hold perpetrators accountable,
civilians will continue to be killed by the
thousands and the hardest hit by the escalation of
the conflict.”
# ⚓ Rep._Ro_Khanna:_The_U.S._Could_End_the_Yemen_War_Tomorrow.
It’s_Time_to_Stop_Arming_the_Saudis⠀⇛
President Joe Biden had promised to end support for
offensive operations by the Saudi-led coalition in
Yemen and stop all “relevant” arms sales, but the
U.S. continues to service Saudi warplanes, and the
administration recently approved the sale of $650
million in air-to-air missiles to Saudi Arabia.
Congressmember Ro Khanna, one of the most outspoken
congressional critics of the war, says the U.S. has
the power to stop the fighting. “We could ground
the Saudi Air Force to a halt tomorrow if we
stopped supplying them with tires and parts,” says
Khanna. “Instead, we continue to authorize arms
sales to the Saudis.”
# ⚓ First_type_certificate:_Israeli_drone_may_fly_domestic
missions_in_future⠀⇛
Arms manufacturers want to market their long-range
drones for interior ministries or agriculture, but
to do so they must fly over populated areas. Market
leaders are working feverishly to obtain the
necessary permits.
# ⚓ Opinion_|_It’s_Time_the_Pentagon_Pulled_the_Plug_on_Fox
News⠀⇛
Fox News has pushed anti-vaccine falsehoods and
Americans have died as a result. Tucker Carlson has
approvingly hosted an Oath Keeper now charged with
seditious conspiracy, casting him as a victim.
Jesse Watters has urged conservatives to “ambush”
Dr. Anthony Fauci, who has lived under constant
death threats, and to “go in for the kill shot,”
while Lara Logan likened Dr. Fauci to a Nazi
doctor.
# ⚓ Trump’s_Phone_Records_From_Capitol_Attack_Have_Huge_Gaps,
Says_Jan._6_Committee⠀⇛
# ⚓ Afghans_Demand_Truth_About_Kabul_Airport_Massacre_as_U.S.
Continues_to_Deny_Soldiers_Shot_Civilians⠀⇛
A major investigation by CNN raises questions about
whether U.S. soldiers opened fire on Afghan
civilians last August after a massive suicide bomb
exploded outside the Kabul International Airport.
Compiling hospital records of gunshot wounds, video
evidence and eyewitness accounts, CNN’s report
appears to directly contradict the Pentagon’s
narrative, which said over 180 people were killed
in the single blast that ISIS-K claimed
responsibility for. We speak to one of the co-
authors of the CNN report, Nick Paton Walsh, who
says reporters found 19 people “who quite
specifically said they saw people shot in front of
them or were shot themselves.”
# ⚓ UK_Official_Secrets_Act_Proposals_Take_Cues_From_US
Espionage_Act_Cases⠀⇛
This article was funded by paid subscribers of The
Dissenter Newsletter, a project of Shadowproof.
Become a paid subscriber. Save over 20 percent and
help us expand our work.The United Kingdom’s right-
wing dominated government is on course to greatly
expand its ability to prosecute and jail
whistleblowers and journalists through amendments
to the country’s Official Secrets Acts.These
potential amendments would be the first major
changes to the law since 1989. They come as the
U.K. and U.S. governments continue to seek the
extradition of WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange for
his role in receiving and publishing the
Afghanistan and Iraq war logs, Guantanamo Bay
detainee files, and U.S. diplomatic cables.
Proposals would expand possible imprisonment for
leakers, recipients of leaks and secondary
publishers–including journalists–from the current
maximum of two years to as high as 14 years in
prison.Furthermore, so-called “unjustifiable
barriers to prosecution,” such as a requirement
that the state actually prove that “unauthorized
disclosures” are “damaging,” would be replaced with
a less stringent test, like proving knowledge or
belief on the part of the defendant that a
disclosure “was likely to cause” or “risked
causing” damage.This is the standard in the U.S.
for prosecutions under the Espionage Act, the 1917
law which Assange is accused of violating 17 times
(even though he is not a U.S. citizen). Charges
function as strict liability offenses, and intent
is largely treated as irrelevant.Laws relating to
both espionage and unauthorized disclosures have
been under review since the Cabinet Office that
supports the Prime Minister, requested the Law
Commission review Britain’s official secrets acts
back in 2015.The Law Commission, a typically benign
statutory body created by British Parliament in
1965, was intended to help reform and modernise the
island’s legal systems. However, this latest
barrage of recommendations, 33 in total, has
numerous observers, civil liberties organizations,
and journalists greatly concerned about the
worsening state of press freedom and dire condition
of whistleblower protections in the U.K.
# ⚓ Dems_Attack_Amnesty_Report_on_Israel_to_Justify_US
Complicity_in_Rights_Abuses⠀⇛
# ⚓ Minecraft_‘terrorism’_Russian_court_sentences_16-year-old
to_five_years_in_prison_over_plot_to_blow_up_virtual_FSB
building_in_video_game⠀⇛
On Thursday, February 10, a Russian court handed
down sentences for terrorism to three teenagers
from the Siberian town of Kansk. The boys were
arrested in the summer of 2020 for posting leaflets
with political slogans on the local FSB building.
After searching their phones and uncovering a
“plot” to blow up an virtual rendering of an FSB
building in the video game Minecraft, investigators
charged the teens with making explosives and
training to participate in terrorist activities. On
Thursday, a military court in the Krasnoyarsk
territory sentenced one of the defendants, 16-year-
old Nikita Uvarov, to five years in prison. The two
other defendants in the case received suspended
sentences.
# ⚓ How_Can_the_US_Accuse_Any_Nation_of_Violating_‘Rules-Based
International_Order’?⠀⇛
The latest example of this is the Ukraine crisis,
where the US pretty much stands all alone (unless
you count Britain’s embattled and embarrassed Prime
Minister Boris Johnson, who parrots US policy like
a trained bird), accusing Russia not just of
preparing for an “imminent invasion’ of Ukraine,
but of violating international law and “rules-based
international order,” as Secretary of State Antony
Blinken likes to put it.
The Biden administration’s top diplomat has made
repeatedly blasted both Russia for threatening
Ukraine with an invasion by moving troops and
equipment to its border and to the border between
Ukraine and Belarus, Russia’s ally to the west, and
China for its threats to Taiwan and for a rights
crackdown in Hong Kong, a Chinese Special
Administrative Region that had been promised 30
years or “no change” but was put under new stricter
national security laws following violent student
protests and university occupations in 2019-20.
# ⚓ “We_Need_Restraint”:_Rep._Ro_Khanna_Cautions_Against
Sending_U.S._“Lethal_Aid”_to_Ukraine⠀⇛
Congressmember Ro Khanna cautions against sending
“lethal aid” to Ukraine and says all sides need to
find a peaceful resolution to the crisis. The last
thing the American people want is to provoke a war
with Russia, says Khanna. “I think we should do
everything possible not to escalate the situation.”
# ⚓ Opinion_|_Avoiding_War_With_Russia_Over_Ukraine_Is_Not
Weakness—It_Is_the_Right_Thing_to_Do⠀⇛
The following are the remarks, as prepared for
delivery, by Sen. Bernie Sanders (I-Vt.) on the
floor of the U.S. Senate on Thursday, February 10,
2022 as he called for diplomatic efforts to
deescalate the crisis over Ukraine:
# ⚓ Sanders_Senate_Speech_Urges_Diplomatic_Resolution_of
Ukraine_Crisis⠀⇛
As the tense standoff over Ukraine showed no signs
of defusing, U.S. Sen. Bernie Sanders took the
Senate floor Thursday to deliver an impassioned
plea for a diplomatic solution to the crisis
involving the United States and Russia, the world’s
two nuclear superpowers.
Sanders (I-Vt.) warned that Europe “for the first
time in almost 80 years is faced with the threat of
a major invasion” as Russian troops mass along
Ukraine’s border, while echoing his
Tuesday Guardian editorial by stressing that
rushing to war with Moscow would have potentially
catastrophic “unintended consequences.”
# ⚓ The_Strategic_Blunder_That_Led_to_Today’s_Conflict_in
Ukraine⠀⇛
Understandably enough, commentaries on the crisis
between Russia and the West tend to dwell on
Ukraine. After all, more than 100,000 Russian
soldiers and a fearsome array of weaponry have now
been emplaced around the Ukrainian border. Still,
such a narrow perspective deflects attention from
an American strategic blunder that dates to the
1990s and is still reverberating.
# ⚓ Diplomacy_is_the_Only_Way_to_Deescalate_the_Crisis_Over
Ukraine⠀⇛
My friends, as we have painfully learned, wars have
unintended consequences. They rarely turn out the
way the planners and experts tell us they will.
Just ask the officials who provided rosy scenarios
for the wars in Vietnam, Afghanistan and Iraq, only
to be proven horribly wrong. Just ask the
mothers of the soldiers who were killed or wounded
in action during those wars. Just ask the millions
of civilians who became “collateral damage.”
The war in Vietnam cost us 59,000 American deaths
and many others who came home wounded in body and
spirit. In fact, a whole generation was
devastated by that war. The casualties in Vietnam,
Laos, and Cambodia are almost incalculable.
# ⚓ Beijing_Olympics_Do_Not_Justify_Stripping_IOC_of_Tax-Exempt
Status⠀⇛
Introduced by a group of 10 bipartisan lawmakers in
the House and by Rick Scott in the Senate, the IOC
Act would strip the tax exempt status of any
international sports organization with over $100
million in global revenues over the last three
years. The bill is neutrally written to help
protect the bill from Equal Protection and First
Amendment challenges, but it would only apply to
the International Olympic Committee since it is the
only international sporting organization that meets
this income threshold.
The Act sets a dangerous precedent of lawmakers
using the tax code to punish their political
enemies. The only reason the bill was introduced
was because the lawmakers were unhappy with the
IOC’s decision to hold the Olympics in China and
the organization’s refusal, as an apolitical
organization, to speak out about China’s horrific
human rights abuses. Essentially, lawmakers are
threatening nonprofits with tax consequences if
they do not express the right political ideas. To
put it bluntly, the bill is an affront to the First
Amendment.
# ⚓ China’s_Careful_Dance_Around_the_Ukraine_Crisis⠀⇛
Aligned But Not Allied
When it comes to support of China on international
issues, from human rights to Taiwan, Beijing can
always count on Putin’s Russia. And the reverse is
generally true. In numerous meetings since Xi and
Putin became top leaders, the China-Russia
relationship has consistently been described in the
most exalted terms. They’re “dear friends,” they
have “the best [relations] in history,” they are “a
model of interstate cooperation in the 21st
century.” China-Russia trade has risen
substantially every year; China is Russia’s most
important trade partner. Joint military maneuvers
have become a regular event. Symbolizing their
closeness, Putin is attending the Beijing Winter
Olympics, defying the US call for a diplomatic
boycott of the games.
# ⚓ Memo_to_Congress:_Diplomacy_for_Ukraine_Is_Spelled_M-i-n-s-
k⠀⇛
A December 2021 poll found that a plurality of
Americans in both political parties prefer to
resolve differences over Ukraine through diplomacy.
Another December poll found that a plurality of
Americans (48 percent) would oppose going to war
with Russia should it invade Ukraine, with only 27
percent favoring U.S. military involvement.
The conservative Koch Institute, which commissioned
that poll, concluded that “the United States has no
vital interests at stake in Ukraine and continuing
to take actions that increase the risk of a
confrontation with nuclear-armed Russia is
therefore not necessary for our security. After
more than two decades of endless war abroad, it is
not surprising there is wariness among the American
people for yet another war that wouldn’t make us
safer or more prosperous.”
# ⚓ The_Legacy_of_Lester_Mallory:_Brief_Statement_Against_the
U.S._Economic_War_Against_Cuba⠀⇛
It has now been 60 years since this U.S. enacted
its “embargo” on Cuba. The term embargo is
however, a gross understatement of the measures
designed to undermine and overthrow the Cuban
government, in the words of U.S. Deputy Assistant
Secretary of State for Interamerican Affairs,
Lester Mallory (1960) “through disenchantment and
disaffection based on economic dissatisfaction and
hardship”. The concept of ‘economic war’ is a much
more accurate depiction.
For sixty years the U.S. has sought to create a
U.S. policy, in the words of Mallory (1960), that
“while as adroit and inconspicuous as possible
makes the greatest inroads in denying money and
supplies to Cuba, to decrease monetary and real
wages, to bring about hunger, desperation and the
overthrow of government”.
# ⚓ Manthia_Diawara_in_the_Archive_of_Postcolonialism⠀⇛
Manthia Diawara is working to preserve and
rejuvenate anti- and postcolonialism. He is
uniquely positioned to do so because these
movements and bodies of thought have shaped his
life. Born in Mali in 1953, five years before the
country achieved independence, Diawara spent his
early life in Guinea until 1964, when Ahmed Sékou
Touré’s regime forced his family to leave the
country. Years later, while attending graduate
school in Bamako, Diawara joined a group opposed to
the Vietnam War and to apartheid that also
supported the Black Panthers and Black Power more
generally. After completing his doctorate in 1985,
he put his political analysis on the page, writing
several books on Black diasporic cinema, and also
on-screen, collaborating with the Kenyan writer
Ngũgĩ wa Thiong’o on a documentary about the films
and novels of the Senegalese artist Sembène
Ousmane.
# ⚓ How_the_“American_Dream”_Became_Un-American⠀⇛
Contrasting views of “the American Dream” appeared
recently in a pair of popular newspaper
stories—though neither came within a hundred miles
of the original sense of that enduring phrase,
which is worth excavating.
# ⚓ Trump_Reportedly_Brought_Docs_To_Mar-a-Lago_That_Were
Clearly_Marked_as_Classified⠀⇛
The discovery of classified material among the
reported 15 boxes of material recovered from
Trump’s Palm Beach estate last month could mean
Trump violated the Presidential Records Act, and,
should the Justice Department choose to investigate
the matter, could subject the department to a
politically charged situation during an era in
which it is attempting to distance itself from
partisanship. Speaking to The Washington Post on
Wednesday, two anonymous sources insisted
“discussions about the matter remained preliminary”
and a DOJ investigation was not yet on the table.
It is possible, the sources said, that the
department is merely interested in reclaiming any
classified materials seized by the Archives.
# ⚓ National_Archives_Requests_DOJ_Inquiry_Into_Trump’s
Mishandling_of_Documents⠀⇛
# ⚓ Trump_denies_he_flushed_records_down_White_House_toilet⠀⇛
The National Archives has said that Trump returned
15 boxes of documents that were improperly taken
from the White House. In a statement Monday, the
archives said that it had “arranged for the
transport from the Trump Mar-a-Lago property in
Florida to the National Archives of 15 boxes that
contained Presidential records, following
discussions with President Trump’s representatives
in 2021.”
# ⚓ Trump_documents_taken_to_Mar-a-Lago_marked_‘top_secret:’
report⠀⇛
It is unclear how many classified documents were
recovered by the National Archives, according to
The Post. Two sources told the newspaper that some
records had labels signaling that the information
within was very sensitive and would only be
available to few people with clearance high enough
to review such details.
# ⚓ Air_Force_hackathon_puts_real_data_on_open_source_code⠀⇛
Wagner was able to take open source software and
use it on real data because he built an air-gapped
environment with developers bringing in code on DVD
discs. He also allowed developers to use their own
virtual machines while working a platform initially
developed by the Defense Advanced Research Projects
Agency (DARPA) that the Air Force picked up called
“STITCHES.” The Air Force also used the Joint
Artificial Intelligence Center‘s Joint Common
Foundation in their tech development stack.
Beyond the tech, new cultural practices the Air
Forced used was a relaxed dress code, 24-hour
operations for coders to choose their own hours and
a short six-day window to complete projects.
# ⚓ Opinion_|_Belligerent_Right-Wingers_in_Trucks_Given_Free
Rein_Over_Ottawa⠀⇛
Here’s what activists of all kinds can learn from
the Ottawa occupation: in order to maximize media
exposure and political impact at your future
protests, be sure to arrive in trucks and be
obnoxious.
# ⚓ Canada’s_“Freedom_Convoy”_Trucker_Protests_Aren’t_About
Freedom⠀⇛
The behavior demonstrated in Ottawa, and now in
cities and towns across Canada, has been
unrelenting. Protesters have harassed staff at
homeless shelters, have urinated on memorials, and
have been seen carrying Confederate flags and Nazi
symbols. Amid all of this, Donald Trump has also
called Justin Trudeau a “far-left lunatic,” which
is, as is known by leftists and centrists alike,
laughable at best and a deceptive tactic at worst.
This commentary from Trump is a reminder of the
insurrection at the United States Capitol, which
rendered plain what’s at stake when years of sexist
and racist political rhetoric, unregulated
technology companies, and an economic system that
privileges individual power are given a dominant
role in shaping society.
# ⚓ Islamic_Fatwa_Condemns_Muslim_Engagements_for_Being_‘Too
Western’⠀⇛
During a talk show that aired on January 16, 2022,
a Muslim cleric, Dr. Salem Abdul Jalil, Secretary
of Fatwa at the Egyptian House of Ifta, which
specializes in issuing fatwas, complained that most
modern day Muslim engagements contradict Islamic
law, not least because they resemble Western style
celebrations rather than authentically Muslim ones,
which should be more like a simple business
transaction.
# ⚓ Captured_jihadists_in_Mozambique_say_insurgency
‘weakening’⠀⇛
Linked to the so-called Islamic State, the
extremist group has rampaged across towns and
villages in northern Mozambique since 2017 with the
goal of establishing a hardline caliphate.
It is known locally as Al Shabab, although it has
no link to the group with a similar name in
Somalia.
Jusuf Mohamed, a Mozambican member, said the
insurgents had lost ground in recent months.
# ⚓ Over_30,000_Boko_Haram_fighters_have_surrendered_to
Nigerian_Army_–_Zulum⠀⇛
He gave the figures shortly after he met with
President Muhammadu Buhari at the State House on
Thursday to apprise him of progress in the
surrendering of Boko Haram terrorists.
# ⚓ Birmingham_woman_who_shared_extremist_material_jailed⠀⇛
The videos urged extremists to “target them on the
streets,” following a battle to retake the IS
stronghold of Al-Baghuz in Syria.
Judge Paul Farrer QC told Amatullah: “I have no
doubt that by 2016 you held an extreme Islamic
mindset.
o § Transparency/Investigative Reporting⠀➾
# ⚓ Court_(For_Now)_Says_NY_Times_Can_Publish_Project_Veritas
Documents⠀⇛
We’ve talked about the hypocrite grifters who run
Project Veritas, who, even when they have
legitimate concerns about attacks on their own free
speech, ran to court to try to silence the NY
Times. Bizarrely, a NY judge granted Project
Veritas’ demand for prior restraint against the NY
Times falsely claiming that attorney-client
material could not be published.
o § Environment⠀➾
# ⚓ Radioactive_rockfish_caught_near_Fukushima_nuclear_plant
prompts_Japan_to_suspend_shipments⠀⇛
Japan has ordered the suspension of shipments of
black rockfish caught off Fukushima prefecture
after tests on a haul late last month showed
radiation levels above the legal limit for human
consumption.
The ministry of health on Tuesday (Feb 8) confirmed
that a catch from south of the disabled Fukushima
Daiichi nuclear power plant that was brought ashore
on Jan 26 contained 1,400 becquerels of radiation
per kg, far higher than the national standard of
100 becquerels per kg set by the government as
safe.
# ⚓ Opinion_|_Norway_Claims_to_Be_a_Climate_Leader,_But_It’s_a
Mirage⠀⇛
Just three months ago, Norwegian Prime Minister
Jonas Gahr Støre addressed the UN Climate
conference in Glasgow, COP26, telling delegates
that the country was committed to climate action.
“This is existential. It is urgent,” said the
Norwegian Prime Minister. “And it is possible—if we
jointly step up our commitments.” Støre also
promised to up the country’s ambition and
accelerate the transition to clean energy too.
# ⚓ Rep._Ro_Khanna_Wants_Big_Oil_to_Confront_Record_of_Climate
Denialism,_Meet_Emissions_Reduction_Vows⠀⇛
Congressmember Ro Khanna chaired a congressional
hearing this week that called out fossil fuel
companies for failing to meet their pledges to
reduce emissions and demanded CEOs of corporations
like ExxonMobil confront their climate change
denialism and correct their record of contradicting
statements. “The goal is to get them to admit that
they made mistakes in the past and commit to change
going forward,” says Khanna.
# § Energy⠀➾
# ⚓ The_Legacy_of_Britain’s_Dirty_Decades_of_Nuclear
Reprocessing:_120_Tonnes_of_Plutonium⠀⇛
Having spent hundreds of billions of pounds
producing plutonium in a series of plants at
Sellafield in the Lake District, the UK
policy is to store it indefinitely—or until
it can come up with a better idea. There is
also 90,000 tons of less dangerous depleted
uranium in warehouses in the UK, also without
an end use.
Plans to use plutonium in fast breeder
reactors and then mixed with uranium as a
fuel for existing fission reactors have long
ago been abandoned as too expensive,
unworkable, or sometimes both. Even burning
plutonium as a fuel, while technically
possible, is very costly.
# ⚓ Analysis_Shows_How_Rooftop_Solar_Could_Have_Saved
Lives_During_Texas_Deep_Freeze⠀⇛
A year after deadly winter weather swept
through Texas, leaving residents without
electricity, food, and water, an analysis
published Thusday revealed how rooftop solar
could have helped save lives during the
nearly two-week crisis that killed at least
246 people.
“Solar is clean, more affordable than ever,
and primed to help build a more resilient
electric grid.”
# ⚓ Green_Groups_Praise_$5_Billion_Biden_Rollout_for_EV
Charging_Stations⠀⇛
Climate and environmental campaigners on
Thursday cheered the Biden administration’s
new $5 billion plan to build a national
electric vehicle charging network with
funding from an infrastructure law the
president signed last year.
“With this money flowing to states, we can
start to build for the electric vehicle
revolution we know is coming.”
# ⚓ US_Lawmakers_With_Pipeline_Stocks_Profit_as_Gas
Exports_to_Europe_Soar⠀⇛
Amid escalating tensions between Russia and
Ukraine, which could have far-reaching
implications for energy markets in central
Europe, U.S. President Joe Biden has
increased gas exports to Germany and
surrounding countries, benefiting members of
Congress who own—and are buying up more—stock
in pipeline and tanker companies.
That’s according to new reporting published
Wednesday by the nonprofit investigative
outlet Sludge, which previously identified at
least 28 U.S. senators and 100 House
members whose households own stock in oil and
gas companies or hold other investments in
the fossil fuel industry.
# ⚓ Rep._Ro_Khanna:_Big_Oil_Must_Confront_Climate
Denialism,_Meet_Emissions_Pledges⠀⇛
# ⚓ Analyzing_the_Very_Bizarre_Sale_of_Melania_Trump’s
$170,000_NFT⠀⇛
In other words, the winner of Melania Trump’s
NFT got the money from none other than the
creator of the NFT itself, and an address
linked to the NFT creator got the money back.
Motherboard shared the blockchain records
with pseudonymous independent blockchain
sleuth zachxbt, who shared the following
analysis confirming that the crypto for the
winning bid was provided by the NFT creator:
[...]
# ⚓ Analysing_the_retaining,_removal_of_Nigeria’s_oil
subsidy⠀⇛
President Muhammadu Buhari had on Jan. 25
approved 18-month suspension of the removal
of fuel subsidy, following consultations with
stakeholders in line with the current
economic realities in the country.
The removal of subsidy on Premium Motor
Spirit (PMS), otherwise known as petrol, was
earlier scheduled to take effect from July
2022.
# ⚓ Japan_to_raise_gasoline_subsidy_to_Y5_a_litre_from
Y3.7,_hitting_cap⠀⇛
A government source told Reuters earlier this
week that Japan will hike the subsidy to 5
yen for the week, hitting a cap for the
temporary scheme to blunt a sharp rise in
fuel prices.
# ⚓ Managing_Peak_Oil:_Why_rising_oil_prices_could_create
a_stranded_asset_trap_as_the_energy_transition
accelerates⠀⇛
Oil demand and pricing are currently
rebounding, triggering calls for
significantly increased investment into new
oil – a narrative at odds with the immediate
global production reductions required within
most “well below 2°C” scenarios. However,
policy action is likely to strengthen post-
COP26, while the rapid adoption of EVs will
potentially further weaken demand. Companies
basing sanctioning decisions on bullish
short-term signals thus risk significant
over-investment, seriously impacting
shareholder value.
# ⚓ Managing_Peak_Oil:_Why_rising_oil_prices_could_create
a_stranded_asset_trap_as_the_energy_transition
accelerates⠀⇛
Under a ‘high-investment case’, companies
could waste some $530bn of capex this decade
as demand starts to decline and the oil price
falls back to c.$40. This amount would double
at $30/bbl.
# ⚓ A_$23_Billion_Fund_Is_Dumping_Oil_Bonds⠀⇛
A Danish pension fund that manages the wealth
of the nation’s academics will spend this
year purging its portfolio of oil and gas
bonds, after concluding that the assets pose
a growing risk to returns.
AkademikerPension, which is based north of
Copenhagen, says it will dump more than $300
million in fossil-fuel bonds through
December. Issuers affected by the decision
include Occidental Petroleum Corp., Gazprom
PJSC and Petroleos Mexicanos, the $23 billion
fund said in an email on Thursday.
# § Wildlife/Nature⠀➾
# ⚓ Mountain_Glaciers_Hold_Less_Ice_Than_Previously
Thought,_It’s_a_Concern_for_Future_Water_Supplies⠀⇛
In a new study, scientists mapped the speed
of over 200,000 glaciers to get closer to an
answer. They discovered that widely used
estimates of glacier ice volume may be off by
about 20% in terms of how much glaciers
outside the Greenland and Antarctic ice
sheets could contribute to sea level rise.
Mathieu Morlighem, a leader in ice sheet
modeling and a coauthor of the study,
explains why the new results hold a warning
for regions that rely on glaciers’ seasonal
meltwater, but barely register in the big
picture of rising seas.
# ⚓ Great_Barrier_Reef_Fantasies:_The_Morrison
Government’s_Electoral_Ploy⠀⇛
The Great Barrier Reef, one of the single
most remarkable natural structures on Planet
Earth, home to 400 types of coral, 1,500
species of fish and 4,000 types of mollusc,
is not one that has been spared. Politically,
the Environment Minister Sussan Ley has
denied that its health is failing, citing
Australia’s superior reef management skills.
The Prime Minister, late last month, promised
that his government would “invest an
additional $1 billion in protecting the Great
Barrier Reef, while supporting 64,000
Queenslanders and their jobs which drive the
Reef economy.”
The coupling of both the expenditure and the
“Reef economy” illustrates the narrow,
ballot-driven focus here. Environmental
considerations are subsidiary matters; what
does matter is the electoral thrust and spin:
the jobs, the Queenslanders in industry,
votes.
# ⚓ ‘Huge_Win_for_Gray_Wolves’_as_US_Court_Restores
Endangered_Species_Act_Protections⠀⇛
While celebrating a U.S. judge’s Thursday
decision to restore federal protections that
the Trump administration had stripped from
the gray wolf, wildlife advocates and experts
also demanded action to save wolves that
won’t be protected by the legal triumph.
“I’m relieved that the court set things right
but saddened that hundreds of wolves suffered
and died under this illegal delisting rule.”
# ⚓ Judge_Restores_Gray_Wolf_Protections,_Reviving
Federal_Recovery_Efforts⠀⇛
Today, a federal court restored Endangered
Species Act protections for the gray wolf
after they were eliminated by the Trump
administration in 2020. The ruling orders the
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to resume
recovery efforts for the imperiled species.
Today’s decision redesignates the gray wolf
as a species threatened with extinction in
the lower 48 states with the exception of the
Northern Rockies population (map), for which
wolf protections were removed by Congress in
2011.
The most recent data from the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service and its state partners show
only an estimated 132 wolves in Washington
state, 173 in Oregon (with only 19 outside of
northeastern Oregon), and fewer than about 20
in California. Nevada, Utah, and Colorado
have had a few wolf sightings over the past
three years, but wolves remain functionally
absent from their historical habitat in these
states. In 2020, Colorado voters directed the
state to reintroduce wolves by 2023.
o § Finance⠀➾
# ⚓ America’s_Inherited_Wealth_Dynasties_Park_Trillions_Out_of
Reach_of_Taxation⠀⇛
# ⚓ Signature_Gathering_Begins_for_$18_Minimum_Wage_Fight_in
California⠀⇛
The signature-gathering process for an initiative
to raise the California minimum wage to $18 an hour
by 2025 officially began Wednesday, the latest step
toward getting the proposal on the state ballot in
November.
“There is not one California worker who is making a
good living on $15 an hour. Not one.”
# ⚓ “Dignity_in_the_Digital_Age”:_Rep._Khanna_Calls_for_Wealth
Tax_&_Decentralizing,_Diversifying_Big_Tech⠀⇛
We speak with Congressmember Ro Khanna, whose
district is in the heart of Silicon Valley, about
his new book “Dignity in the Digital Age: Making
Tech Work for All of Us.” He argues more federal
regulation in the tech industry can secure an
equitable society while encouraging innovation. “We
need to understand that if you care about social
justice and racial justice, that you have to look
at the wealth generation gap,” says Khanna.
# ⚓ Warren,_Jayapal_Introduce_Bill_Banning_Members_of_Congress
From_Trading_Stock⠀⇛
# ⚓ Colorado_Homeowners:_Do_You_Have_Experience_Dealing_With_an
HOA?_Help_Us_Investigate.⠀⇛
ProPublica and Rocky Mountain PBS would like to
talk to Coloradans who have lived in a community
with a homeowners association. We know there are a
lot of you: As of 2020, an estimated 74 million
residents belonged to one of America’s 355,000
HOAs. There are more than 10,000 of these groups in
Colorado alone, and they’re estimated to be home to
nearly 2.4 million residents. These resident-
governed organizations collect dues and fees from
members to provide for improvements to and upkeep
of shared areas, and to pay for some insurance
coverage. HOAs can also set standards for public-
facing aspects of members’ homes, including lawn
maintenance, exterior paint colors and the use of
lights and other decor.
HOA members who fall behind on dues or run afoul of
rules set by the board can face additional fees,
including legal fees charged by the HOA board’s
attorney. If the dispute is left unresolved, the
HOA could place liens on the homeowner’s property
and attempt to foreclose on the home.
# ⚓ Filthy_Lucre:_Or,_How_Non-Profits_Get_Money_but_Lose_their
Souls⠀⇛
Until recently, the only thing I knew about non-
profits was that they are poison for radicals. To
paraphrase Gil Scott-Heron: The revolution will not
be led by a 501(c)(3). Once you start hunting for
filthy lucre (aka foundation support), militancy is
out; it offends funders and alienates the leaders
of other non-profits with whom you must
collaborate. Your politics drift toward the center.
And, while your table manners and dressing style
might improve, your sex life will not. If you’re
single and hoping for a date with a hot anarchist-
atheist-vegan, you’re out of luck.
So it was with trepidation that in 2017 I agreed to
co-found, with my wife Harriet, an environmental
justice non-profit with the hard-to-pronounce name,
Anthropocene Alliance. Given that my sex life was
what it was, I focused my concern on the matter of
protecting the effectiveness of our work and the
sanitation of my soul while becoming part of a 501
(c)(3), operated according to Title 26 of the
United States Code as authorized by the U.S.
Congress. The challenges are many and they start as
soon as you examine applicable tax law:
o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾
# ⚓ Todd_Gitlin_and_the_Demise_of_the_New_Left⠀⇛
Hillsdale was Anna Roosevelt’s home near the end of
her life. Anna and her husband lived there. Anna
had immense power during Franklin Roosevelt’s last
year of life and served as his de facto chief of
staff. To get to Franklin at the Yalta Conference
near the end of World War II and elsewhere in the
last year of his presidency in 1944-45, a person
generally had to go through Anna. She was also a
journalist. Anna was the oldest of the Roosevelt
children and could be described as an early
feminist.
Todd Gitlin, an early president of the New Left’s
Students for a Democratic Society and later writer,
professor of sociology and communications, and a
critic of the US left, eschewed identity politics,
which would have included feminism, gender
identity, race, and political philosophy “Todd
Gitlin/A Question of Identity,” SFGate, May 12,
1966), (“The Left, Lost in the Politics of
Identity,” Harper’s Magazine, undated). His
book The Sixties: Days of Hope, Days of Rage(1993)
is one of my favorites.
# ⚓ The_Responsibility_of_the_Intellectuals-Is_It_Still_a
Thing?⠀⇛
I will quote directly from Chomsky’s article: “It
is the responsibility of intellectuals to speak the
truth and to expose lies.” He went on to note that
while this should be obvious, the truth was that in
US academia, it was not. The unfortunate truth is
that Chomsky’s observation rings even truer today.
It is neither obvious or expected in the twenty-
first century that a faculty member in any
discipline at any college or university in the
United States will speak the truth or expose the
lies with which our political, military and
economic institutions conduct their business.
Indeed, as we watch the right-wing elites in this
country attack education and intensify their
various campaigns to stifle freedoms on campuses
and in the public sphere, the sounds of protest
from individual academics or any organized group of
academics are so faint as to be nonexistent in the
greater world.
I have worked in academic and public libraries
since I returned to college in 1987 at the age of
32 and needed part-time work. I mention this
because it helps to explain my familiarity with US
academia since then. In 1987 Ronald Reagan was the
president and was carrying on an illegal war
against the people of Nicaragua while supporting
other wars on the people in Nicaragua’s neighbors
El Salvador and Honduras. They were brutal and
bloody wars. The movement against this
manifestation of US imperial policy included
hundreds of university and college faculty, not to
mention thousands of students and citizens. Even
the 1991 invasion of Iraq by US forces under the
direction of George HW Bush met with determined and
broad protest that included tens of thousands of US
residents from academia and elsewhere.
# ⚓ Opinion_|_Why_Nature_Needs_a_Seat_at_the_Political_Table⠀⇛
As an old axiom notes, “Mighty oaks from little
acorns grow.” From coast to coast, millions of
these long-lived jewels have graced our landscape,
but one mighty specimen in particular has recently
become a hardy symbol of a fast-growing
environmental movement. The significance of this
oak—rooted on a small piece of land at the corner
of Dearing and Finley Streets near downtown Athens,
Georgia—is that no one owned it. It was an
autonomous being, known locally as “The Tree That
Owns Itself.”
# ⚓ Progressives_Call_On_Democrats_to_Endorse_21st_Century
Economic_Bill_of_Rights⠀⇛
The group Progressive Democrats of America on
Thursday urged all progressive U.S. candidates and
officeholders to embrace a “21st Century Economic
Bill of Rights.”
“In contrast to those who favor retreat or the
status quo, we present a vision of and a call to
action for positive democratic renewal and growth.”
# ⚓ Opinion_|_California’s_Recall_Reform,_Now_an_Anti-
Democratic_Weapon_Captured_by_the_Right⠀⇛
Looking at the growing hijacking of California
recalls by a loose array of the right—from
Republican Party operatives to billionaires to
proponents of privatizing schools to Trumpian
militia groups—it almost defies historical memory
to consider that the recall mechanism was adopted
in California as an anti-corporate progressive
reform.
# ⚓ Even_Officials_In_The_Intelligence_Community_Are
Recognizing_The_Dangers_Of_Over-Classification⠀⇛
The federal government has a problem with secrecy.
Well, actually it doesn’t have a problem with
secrecy, per se. That’s often considered a feature,
not a bug. But federal law says the government
shouldn’t have so much secrecy, what with the FOIA
being in operation. And yet, the government feels
compelled to keep secrets from its biggest
employer: the US taxpayers.
# ⚓ Trump’s_Post-Election_Vengeance_Campaign_Has_Split_the
Republican_Party_in_Two⠀⇛
# ⚓ OSCE_sends_full_mission,_immunity_certificates_extended,
Budapest_to_host_Swimming_World_championships,_Skating
federation_wants_investigation_following_Liu’s
disqualification⠀⇛
The Organization for Security and Cooperation in
Europe (OSCE) has decided to send a full scale
observation mission to Hungary for the April 3
general elections, putting Hungary yet again as an
outsider, considering the fact that up to now, the
only other EU member country where such a mission
was judged necessary has been Bulgaria.
The prelude to the OSCE’s full mission was a call
from twenty Hungarian civil society organizations,
asking the OSCE’s Office for Democratic
Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR) to organize a
full-scale election observation mission to Hungary,
accompanied by a high number of short-term
observers on April 3.
# ⚓ The_Beijing_Olympics_Showcase_the_Need_for_a_Better
Politics⠀⇛
The Beijing Winter Olympics are set against a
backdrop of elevated and dangerous tensions between
the United States and China. Gasoline has been
poured, and both Democrats and Republicans have
flicked lit matches. In addition to the predictable
braying for war emerging from far-right Muppets
like Senator Tom Cotton, former Democratic senator
Claire McCaskill took to Twitter to scold US-born
skier Eileen Gu for competing with the Chinese
team, saying, in part, “I don’t get it. And never
will. I think it is wrong for an American to
compete for China. China represses free speech, is
well known for their human rights violations.”
Rather than viewing Gu’s move to represent China as
a nod to her heritage, too many Democrats and
Republicans viewed it as a dalliance with the
enemy. US Representative and Hitler fetishist
Madison Cawthorn, who really should hide his head
in shame when the Olympics and Paralympics come
around, called for Gu to lose her citizenship. For
its part, the Biden administration is carrying out
a diplomatic boycott of the Games.
# ⚓ Archives_Found_Possible_Classified_Material_in_Boxes
Returned_by_Trump⠀⇛
Similar to Mrs. Clinton, Mr. Trump’s son-in-law,
Jared Kushner, and daughter Ivanka used personal
email accounts for work purposes. And even after
being warned by aides, Mr. Trump repeatedly ripped
up government documents that had to be taped back
together to prevent him from being accused of
destroying federal property.
Now Mr. Trump faces questions about his handling of
classified information — a question that is
complicated because as president he had the
authority to declassify any government information.
It is unclear whether Mr. Trump had declassified
materials the National Archives discovered in the
boxes before he left office. Under federal law, he
no longer maintains the ability to declassify
documents after leaving office.
# ⚓ You_may_need_to_prove_your_age_just_to_log_onto_Twitter_and
Reddit_soon⠀⇛
Reddit and Twitter users in the UK could be
required to submit their passport or credit card
details under the government’s new online safety
rules.
The draft Online Safety Bill announced this week
requires all sites which publish pornographic
content to put ‘robust checks’ in place to ensure
users are 18 or over. This is not limited to adult
websites but social media platforms as well.
# ⚓ New_UK_rules_could_force_people_to_provide_ID_before_using
Reddit_or_Google_in_attempt_to_stop_children_viewing
pornography,_campaigners_warn⠀⇛
That may mean that they could be forced to check
users’ age before they are able to use those sites.
While the precise way those checks will happen has
still not been revealed, suggestions have included
requiring people to provide credit card details or
other personally identifying information.
That is the latest warning from the Open Rights
Group, which has been among a range of privacy
activists and other campaigners attempting to fight
against the new regulations.
# ⚓ 75-year-old_Hong_Kong_activist_facing_sedition_charge
denied_bail_after_planning_Beijing_Olympics_demo⠀⇛
The government released a statement on Saturday
morning confirming that a 75-year-old man had been
charged with “attempting to do or making any
preparation to do an act or acts with seditious
intention” under a colonial-era law.
In court, prosecutors said police found a one-metre
long coffin and a white flag with “seditious
language,” including “democracy and human rights
are above the Winter Olympics,” “down with the
Chinese Communist Party” and “end one-party rule,”
at his residence. Two mobile phones were also
seized.
# ⚓ Hijab_Ban:_In_Interim_Order,_Karnataka_HC_Says_No
‘Religious_Dress’_Until_Matter_Decided⠀⇛
The three-judge bench of Chief Justice Ritu Raj
Awasthi and Justices Krishna S. Dixit and
Jaibunnisa M. Khazi was hearing the matter after it
was referred to a larger bench. The hearing will
continue on Monday at 2:30 pm.
o § Misinformation/Disinformation⠀➾
# ⚓ Gas-Backed_Front_Group_Spreads_Misinformation_About_Costs
of_Electrification⠀⇛
A group of natural gas companies and utilities in
Colorado formed a front group to oppose the state’s
push towards electrifying homes and businesses,
spreading misinformation about the cost of electric
heating while also promoting false solutions to
lock in the ongoing use of natural gas.
The group, “Coloradans for Energy Access,” is made
up of a coalition of gas companies, real estate
interests, utilities, and other energy trade
associations, including Atmos Energy, American
Public Gas Association, and the Consumer Energy
Alliance.
# ⚓ It’s_Not_Just_Joe_Rogan._The_Entire_Digital_Space_Is
Rotten.⠀⇛
So, rather than admit that its business model
openly depends on lies and the dehumanization of
marginalized people, Spotify said it doesn’t want
to “silence Joe.” Meanwhile, some 113 episodes of
the show were quietly removed. Elk added in an
internal memo, which was later shared with The
Washington Post, “We should have clear lines around
content and take action when they are crossed, but
canceling voices is a slippery slope.”
It is not a slippery slope. When the most extreme
voices are rewarded and amplified, our digital
media landscape becomes worse for everyone. Sadly,
it’s not just big podcasters like Rogan who use
anti-Blackness and hate to build an audience.
# ⚓ New_algorithm_bill_could_force_Facebook_to_change_how_the
news_feed_works⠀⇛
A new bipartisan bill, introduced on Wednesday,
could mark Congress’ first step toward addressing
algorithmic amplification of harmful content. The
Social Media NUDGE Act, authored by Sens. Amy
Klobuchar (D-MN) and Cynthia Lummis (R-WY), would
direct the National Science Foundation and the
National Academy of Sciences, Engineering and
Medicine to study “content neutral” ways to add
friction to content-sharing online.
The bill instructs researchers to identify a number
of ways to slow down the spread of harmful content
and misinformation, whether through asking users to
read an article before sharing it (as Twitter has
done) or other measures. The Federal Trade
Commission would then codify the recommendations
and mandate that social media platforms like
Facebook and Twitter put them into practice.
# ⚓ Joe_Rogan_and_Spotify:_Make_content_moderation_about_human
rights⠀⇛
“I fucked up.” Last year, Joe Rogan publicly
admitted to spreading misinformation on his
podcast, acknowledging he did not bother to
undertake basic fact-checking before leaning into
the mic. He said it wouldn’t happen again — then it
did.
Now, The Joe Rogan Experience podcast, produced
exclusively by Spotify, has firmly landed itself in
the spotlight once more, this time for spreading
dangerous COVID-19 misinformation and endangering
public health, and the hosts’ use of harmful racial
slurs. With a listenership upwards of 400 million,
what is said on the show has far-reaching
consequences. But Spotify’s problems are much
bigger than Joe Rogan, and censorship is not the
answer. What we need is for the world’s largest
audio platform to take responsibility for the words
it pays to produce, host, and promote.
When Rogan makes false claims that the COVID
vaccines alter DNA and that the health risks for
young people are greater from the vaccine than from
the virus itself, it undermines people’s ability to
arrive at well-informed opinions. This is
incredibly dangerous, and there are serious human
rights implications tied to Spotify’s decisions.
The bare minimum the company can do? Align with
basic human rights principles, starting with due
diligence.
# ⚓ Joe_Rogan_and_Spotify:_Make_content_moderation_about_human
rights⠀⇛
Content in The Joe Rogan Experience is acquired and
produced — not to mention hosted — exclusively by
Spotify, so the company must conduct due diligence
over content it purchased. By playing the role of
both producer and broadcaster, and profiting from
every episode, Spotify has a responsibility for
what content it amplifies. If Spotify performed its
due diligence, it would enable the platform to act
responsibly by understanding, identifying, and
addressing the human rights risks associated with
its content governance practices.
After the recent backlash, the streaming giant
announced it would add advisory labels to podcast
episodes and invest 100 million USD back into the
licensing, development, and marketing of music and
audio content from historically marginalized
groups. But Spotify can’t circumvent racialized
inaction by throwing money at marginalized people
and seeing what sticks. Let’s call a spade a spade
— it’s a shallow PR stunt.
o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾
# ⚓ ‘Tortured’_Ugandan_author_flees_into_exile:_lawyer⠀⇛
He said his client, who claims to have been
tortured behind bars, was seeking medical treatment
abroad for the injuries inflicted.
o § Freedom of Information/Freedom of the Press⠀➾
# ⚓ No_entity_like_Kashmir_Press_Club_registered,_Parliament
told⠀⇛
The query includes whether the journalists in
Kashmir and whole of India are frequently penalized
by State agencies under Indian Penal Code, UAPA,
and other penal laws, if so, the details thereof.
It includes whether due to such abhorrent coercion,
India holds a poor 142nd position on the World
Press Freedom Index.
o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾
# ⚓ Bill_Banning_Forced_Arbitration_of_Harassment_Claims_Heads
to_Biden’s_Desk⠀⇛
Workers’ rights advocates on Thursday applauded the
U.S. Senate’s passage of a bill to keep workplace
sexual harassment victims from being forced into
private litigation of their claims rather than
taking them to court—a reform called “long
overdue.”
“The arbitration process not only allows the
corporations to hide sexual harassment and assault
cases in this secretive and often biased process,
but it shields those who committed serious
misconduct from the public eye.”
# ⚓ Opinion_|_Human_Rights_Groups_Agree:_Apartheid_Is_Exactly
What_Israel_Is_Doing⠀⇛
One day last spring, Palestinians in Israel and the
occupied West Bank declared a general strike to
protest years of repression they faced under
Israeli rule.
# ⚓ Leftist_President_of_Honduras_Blocks_Indigenous_Community’s
Eviction⠀⇛
Honduras’ new leftist president on Wednesday
intervened to halt a court-ordered eviction of an
Indigenous community from their ancestral lands
following violent scenes of the attempted forced
removal by police earlier in the day.
Human Rights Minister Natalie Roque shared on
social media that, with orders from President
Xiomara Castro, lawyers and officials from her
office went to the Tierras del Padre community,
located just south of the capital of Tegucigalpa,
to stop the evictions, saying the suspension was in
accordance with the law and authorized by the
state.
# ⚓ Black_Congresswomen_Urge_Biden_to_Pick_Civil_Rights
Champion_for_Supreme_Court⠀⇛
# ⚓ Republicans_press_archivist_against_certifying_Equal_Rights
Amendment⠀⇛
Three Republicans senators are urging the U.S.
Archivist not to certify the Equal Rights Amendment
(ERA) amid a campaign by Democrats, who are calling
for the decades-old statute to be added to the
Constitution.
Sens. Rob Portman (R-Ohio), Ron Johnson (R-Wis.)
and Mitt Romney (R-Utah) penned a letter to U.S.
Archivist David Ferriero on Tuesday, asking for his
“commitment” that he will not certify the ERA.
# ⚓ Swiss_region_to_vote_on_giving_primates_fundamental
rights⠀⇛
A northern Swiss region is set to vote on whether
non-human primates should enjoy some of the same
basic fundamental rights as humans.
The vote in the Basel-Stadt canton, which is home
to the city of the same name and to one of Europe’s
best-known zoos, is being keenly followed by animal
rights activists.
# ⚓ Voters_to_decide_on_basic_rights_of_primates⠀⇛
Switzerland’s highest court has given the go-ahead
for a vote in Basel City on whether to enshrine the
basic rights of primates in the cantonal
constitution.
o § Internet Policy/Net Neutrality⠀➾
# ⚓ Net_Neutrality_Still_Matters⠀⇛
After facing a gurling Senate confirmation hearing
in December, the vote on her appointment has been
again delayed. The current delay is due to the
stroke suffered by Sen. Ben Ray Luján (D-NM), a
member of the Senate’s Subcommittee on
Communications, Media, and Broadband; he is
expected to make a full recovery.
The telecom and broadband industries are seeking to
block Sohn’s nomination. “The industry serves to
benefit from Gigi not moving forward and the FCC
delaying its push for net neutrality and other
government regulations,” admitted John Feehery, a
lobbyist for AT&T, Sprint and other telecom
companies.
o § Digital Restrictions (DRM)⠀➾
# ⚓ Nintendo_‘Hacker’_Gary_Bowser_Sentenced_to_40_Months_in
Prison⠀⇛
A U.S. federal court has handed down a 40-month
prison sentence to Gary Bowser, a member of the
infamous Nintendo modding group Team-Xecuter. The
prosecution requested a tougher sentence but
celebrates the outcome as an important victory
nonetheless. This is the first verdict in the Team-
Xecuter case and two other defendants have yet to
appear in a U.S court.
# ⚓ Nintendo_Switch_Hacker_Sentenced_to_More_Than_Three_Years
in_Prison⠀⇛
Bowser pleaded guilty in October 2021 to two
criminal counts: conspiracy to circumvent
technological measures and to traffic in
circumvention devices, and trafficking in
circumvention devices. The Canadian national has
been in U.S. federal custody since his arrest in
and deportment from the Dominican Republic in
September 2020. As part of his plea deal, Bowser
agreed to pay $4.5 million in restitution to
Nintendo of America.
# ⚓ NPR’s_‘How_I_Built_This’_Strikes_Licensing_Deal_With_Amazon
Music,_Wondery_(Exclusive)⠀⇛
NPR’s How I Built This podcast, hosted by Guy Raz,
has struck an exclusive three-year licensing and ad
deal with Amazon Music and Wondery, marking the
first deal of this type Amazon and Wondery have
made with an NPR podcast.
# ⚓ Amazon_Music_signs_an_exclusive_deal_with_How_I_Built
This⠀⇛
Amazon Music has signed an exclusive deal with NPR
to distribute Guy Raz’s How I Built This podcast a
week before any other platform starting in March.
The show will be produced twice weekly, an increase
from its once-a-week cadence, and available early
through Amazon Music and Wondery Plus. After that
one-week window, the episodes will be released
widely both on podcast platforms and radio
stations. Wondery will also receive the exclusive
ad sales rights and YouTube distribution rights,
while NPR will maintain the radio distribution
rights and underwriting.
# ⚓ NPR_station_in_Seattle_crashes_and_corrupts_$1,500_“radio
computer”_in_certain_Mazdas,_which_can_now_only_play_NPR.⠀⇛
An NPR station in Seattle went down unexpectedly,
corrupting a $1,500 “radio computer” in certain
Mazdas, which can now only play NPR’s affiliate in
Seattle.
Thankfully for those who weren’t tuned to NPR at
the time of the crash, they remain unaffected. (But
should probably avoid NPR.)
According to the “owners” (How do you “own” a car
that can fail spectacularly due to something like
this?), the company says that even if you have the
$1,500 to fix the radio and get it to stop playing
NPR at the last volume you set it on before the
screen and tuner no longer worked, they can’t get
the part in because of the Coronavirus. Mazda says
that “perhaps” it could choose to service the
vehicles once it gets the parts, whenever that is,
under a “goodwill program”.
At issue, is that the station uses the “HD Radio”
format, which is heavily infested with Microsoft
standards like Windows Media Audio, which most
people agree sounds like crap.
Microsoft created WMA in the hopes of removing
value from digital music, using DRM, and to wipe
out MP3 and charge massive licensing fees. However,
the format never caught on aside from some music
stores that no longer exist.
Most notably, Microsoft had several kinds of
incompatible DRM schemes that they used which were
never compatible with each other, creating a
confusing mess.
o § Monopolies⠀➾
# § Patents⠀➾
# ⚓ Pfizer’s_Revenue_Doubles:_“It’s_Nothing_Short_of
Pandemic_Profiteering”⠀⇛
The coronavirus pandemic has demanded “shared
sacrifice” from nurses, bus drivers,
teachers, and other frontline workers for the
better part of two years. But Pfizer isn’t
sacrificing a thing.1
# ⚓ Big_Pharma_Sought_to_Undermine_South_African_Efforts
to_Produce_COVID_Vaccines⠀⇛
# ⚓ Documents_Expose_Pharma_Effort_to_Kill_Africa’s_Covid
Vaccine_Project⠀⇛
Documents published Wednesday by a prominent
medical journal reveal that a foundation
representing the German company
BioNTech—Pfizer’s Covid-19 vaccine
partner—has been working behind the scenes to
undercut African scientists’ burgeoning
effort to produce an mRNA-based coronavirus
vaccine.
In August, according to The BMJ, the kENUP
Foundation urged South African government
officials to shut down a World Health
Organization-backed initiative aiming to make
an mRNA vaccine using Moderna’s shot as a
template.
# § Copyrights⠀➾
# ⚓ Police_Arrest_Man_For_Running_Pirate_Site_Linking_to
Anime,_Movies,_TV_Shows⠀⇛
In 2020, Japan passed amendments to copyright
law to combat so-called ‘leech’ sites –
platforms that carry no content themselves
but provide links to pirated content hosted
on external servers. According to local anti-
piracy sources, a man has now been arrested
for offering links to thousands of movies and
TV shows including content owned by
production companies Toei and Toho.
# ⚓ Episode_4:_Open_Culture_VOICES_–_Douglas_McCarthy⠀⇛
We are back with a new episode of Open
Culture VOICES! VOICES is a vlog series of
short interviews with open GLAM (galleries,
libraries, archives, and museums) experts
from around the world. The Open Culture
Program at Creative Commons aims to promote
better sharing of cultural heritage in GLAMs
collections. With Open Culture VOICES, we’re
thrilled to bring you various perspectives
from dozens of experts speaking in many
different languages on what it’s like to open
up heritage content online. In this episode,
we hear from Douglas McCarthy, Collections
Engagement Manager at the Europeana
Foundation in the Netherlands. Douglas is a
passionate advocate for making cultural
heritage openly accessible to promote the
exchange of ideas and contribute to a
thriving knowledge economy. As Collections
Engagement Manager at Europeana, Douglas
supports Europeana’s mission by working with
partner institutions to showcase their
collections to online audiences.
# ⚓ Yes,_It_Really_Was_Nintendo_That_Slammed_GilvaSunner
YouTube_Channel_With_Copyright_Strikes⠀⇛
Well, for a story that was already over, this
became somewhat fascinating. We have followed
the Nintendo vs. GilvaSunner war for several
years now. The GilvaSunner YouTube channel
has long been dedicated to uploading and
appreciating a variety of video game music,
largely from Nintendo games. Roughly once a
year for the past few years, Nintendo would
lob copyright strikes at a swath of
GilvaSunner “videos”: 100 videos in 2019, a
bit less than that in 2020, take 2021 off,
then suddenly slam the channel with 1,300
strikes in 2022. With that last copyright
MOAB, the GilvaSunner channel has been
shuttered voluntarily, with the operator
indicating that it’s all too much hassle.
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