MC68000/10/20/30/40/60/851 reassembler

   Author:       Tim Ruehsen, Ilkka Lehtoranta, Frank Wille, Nicolas Bastien
   Uploader:     frank phoenix owl de
   Type:         dev/asm
   Version:      2.10
   Architecture: ppc-morphos; ppc-amigaos; m68k-amigaos >= 2.0.4
   Date:         2023-12-06
   Readme:       http://aminet.net/dev/asm/ira.readme
   Downloads:    8728

=> http://aminet.net/dev/asm/ira.lha

When I was in need for a portable M68k reassembler I remembered Tim Ruehsen's

IRA source, and put some effort in it to make it portable to any architecture

and any compiler. Some code was taken from Ilkka Lehtoranta's MorphOS port

of IRA 1.05, who already cleaned the code from all SAS/C dependencies, but

the most effort was put into making the reassembler endian-independant (which

means it would even compile and work on x86 machines now!).

HISTORY

-- Modifications for V2.00 --

Bug fixes:

• ENTRY and OFFSET directives from the config file have been ignored

• The BASEADR for base-relative addressing is always a real address now,

which is loaded to the base address register, and not an offset. This

caused some confusion when the binary's OFFSET is not 0.

• MACHINE directive in the config file was emitted multiple times.

• Fixed -M option to specifiy the CPU type.

• Fixed parsing of RELOC32SHORT hunks.

• Better support for raw binary input.

• Fixed illegal access when making a label from a ROMtag name, and another

one when running with -preproc over code which is not ended by an RTS or

similar.

New features:

• Use BASEREG instead of the PhxAss-specific NEAR directive for base-relative

addressing modes. There are more assemblers (including vasm 1.4 and PhxAss)

supporting it.

• Option -BASEABS. When specified, a label in base-relative addressing mode

is written as an absolute label, without the base register name (as with

IRA V1.05). The default behaviour now is to write base-relative references

as "(label,An)".

• Option -BITRANGE. Also recognizes bit-test/manipulation instructions as

valid when accessing bits 8-15 in memory (e.g. btst #14,DMACONR).

• Config file directive PTRS. Syntax: PTRS []. It defines a

single address or a range of addresses which contain 32-bit pointers to

addresses from the reassembled binary. This directive is especially useful

in data sections of a raw binary, which has no relocation information.

IRA will create a label for all the pointers in that range.

• Config file directive NBAS. Syntax: NBAS . Defines that the

area between and should not use base-relative addressing

modes (e.g. because the base register is used in another way here).

IRA will start this area with an "ENDB An", to disable basereg-mode, and

reenables base-relative mode with a BASEREG directive afterwards.

• I made sure that there is always a valid size extension as instruction

suffix and in indirect addressing modes. ".W" was mostly missing before.

• Output an ORG directive instead of SECTION when the -binary option had

been specified.

• Switched from PhxAss specific MACHINE/FPU/PMMU directives to MC680x0/

MC68881/MC68851, which is understood by more assemblers (e.g. vasm,

phxass, barfly, snma, etc.).

-- Modifications for V2.01 --

Bug fixes:

• Call fopen() in binary-mode where appropriate, for Windows support.

New features:

• " in strings are now encoded as "" by default. To get the PhxAss-specific

(and vasm-supported) " encoding, use the new -ESCCODES option.

• The string length is limited to 60 bytes, before a new line is started.

-- Modifications for V2.02 --

Bug fixes:

• Fixed NBAS config directive. Only the entry with the highest address worked.

• File buffers for binary and config file name were too small. Extended from

32 to 128 bytes (as source and target file name buffer already were).

• An immediate width-field in bitfield instructions showed up as '0' when

it should have been '32'.

• Multiple MACHINE directives in the config file confused IRA.

• Fixed DIVxL.L, DIVx.L and MULx.L.

• A new label is defined for the base-address, used in BASEREG. Using a

SECSTRT_n-offset is unreliable when optimizing.

New features:

• New/improved BASEREG handling. The base-relative section specifier (BASESEC)

has disappeared. It is sufficient to define base-relative addressing by

a base-register and a base-address (e.g. -BASEREG=4,$12340).

• New config file directive BASEOFF (also as optional third argument in the

-BASEREG option) defines an additional offset on the base-label (usually

32766).

• (d8,An,Rn) addressing modes may also be used for base-relative addressing.

• Always create a SECSTRT_n symbol when starting a new section, even when

this address is not referenced.

• After some modifications, Makefile.win32 was reported to work with VC6.

-- Modifications for V2.03 --

Bug fixes:

• Make sure that CODE areas, when read from a config file, are split at

section boundaries. Otherwise IRA cannot detect the start of a new section

during source generation.

• BASEADR didn't work correctly for raw binary files.

New features:

• Config file directive TEXT. To define a region in data as printable text.

This overrides the automatic text recognition.

Syntax: "TEXT $ - $".

• Config file directives JMPB, JMPW and JMPL for generating jump-tables

(or other offset-tables used to reference a program address).

Syntax: "JMP $ - $ [ at $]". may be B, W or L and

defines the width of the table entries (8, 16, 32 bit). The is

optional and same as , when missing. It defines the base address

where the table-offsets are added to.

• Option -BITRANGE, which was introduced in V2.00, was replaced by

-COMPAT= to allow multiple compatibility flags. Currently known:

b : Recognize immediate values of 8-15 for bit-instructions accessing

  memory (former -BITRANGE option).

i : Recognize immediate byte addressing modes with an MSB of 0xff. Some

  assemblers generated 0xffff instead of 0x00ff for #-1.

-- Modifications for V2.04 --

Bug fixes:

• Fixed automatic ROM tag detection routine. Handling of absolute 32-bit

function tables did not work when a relative 16-bit one was found before.

• Function names from ROM tag function tables were sometimes missing, when

the input file is a raw binary.

• Fixed SECSTRT_n symbol recognition with BASEREG directive and small data

addressing modes.

• Do not forget .W extension for word-sized LINK, MOVEA and MOVEP.

• Recognize BTST Dn,#x.

New features:

• Report about misplaced relocations in code (usually caused by a bad PTRS

directive).

• Print a warning when a symbol from HUNK_SYMBOL is not inside the current

section limits, and ignore this symbol.

• Base-relative symbols outside the small-data section's bounds are

referenced via SECTSTRT_n and a warning is printed (because the

instruction could be data, or the base register contains something

else at this point).

-- Modifications for V2.05 --

Bug fixes:

• Fixed a possible crash when a config file defines a SYMBOL where the

assigned value is not within the reassembled address range.

• Fixed a crash on encountering relocations at an odd address. This cannot

easily be supported at the moment, so IRA will just quit when it happens.

• Reverted some stupid changes of the last release. Always prefer a label

from the referring section in case both have the same address.

New features:

• Config file directive NOPTRS. Syntax is like PTRS, but it will prevent IRA

from taking any address in this region as a program pointer (which would

generate a label). Only works with binary input files!

-- Modifications for V2.06 --

Bug fixes:

• Make IRA compile and work on 64-bit systems (using a 64-bit compiler).

• An empty register list is now written as #0 instead of (NOREG!). This

makes it assemble (with vasm at least).

• Fixed label-generation for references into the middle of a data relocation

(e.g. use "label+2" instead of making a new label, which caused trouble).

• Put both sides of the subtract operation into parentheses, when generating

code for a jump table (to avoid problems with "label1-label2+2").

• Fixed some possible crashes.

-- Modifications for V2.07 --

Bug fixes:

• A lot more fixes to make IRA clean for 64-bit compilers. Seems to work

much better now.

• A base address of 0 should be allowed with binary files.

New features:

• Allow comments ';' and empty lines in the config file.

-- Modifications for V2.08 --

Bug fixes:

• Fixed problems with printf output formats for 64-bit compilers.

• $083c is illegal and was erroneously disassembled to BTST #n,CCR.

• Fixed CMP2, CHK2, CAS, CAS2.

New features:

• Do not overwrite an existing config file, when -preproc is specified.

• Make it work on Mac OSX 64-bit systems.

-- Modifications for V2.09 --

Bug fixes:

• Fixed possible crash with low memory.

• Fixed CINV and CPUSH (only "LINE" operations were recognized).

• Fixed input file names with deep paths.

• Fixed negative values on 64-bit systems.

• Fixed MOVE16 (only MOVE16 (Ax)+,(Ay)+ were recognized).

• Fixed MOVEC (incorrect control register).

• Fixed MOVES (extension word were ignored).

• Fixed BFINS (swapped operands).

New features:

• Support for extended memory attributes in Amiga executables.

• Improve CPU choice on command line.

• New general documentation file (ira2.doc).

• New documentation file about config file's directives (ira_config.doc).

• New directives for config file: COMMENTS, BANNER, EQU and LABEL (see

ira_config.doc).

• Improve error messages.

• Also support '0x' to denote hexadecimal addresses on the command line.

• New option -AW enforces 8-digit address output, when printing address

and data in the comment field.

• Support for 68060 instructions (except FPU).

• Support for MMU instructions.

-- Modifications for V2.10 --

Bug fixes:

• Fixed parsing of HUNK_RELOC32SHORT/HUNK_DREL32.

• Renamed itoa() to avoid conflicts with compilers providing that function.

• -binary option always overrides the automatic format detection.

• Fixed detection of memory rotate instructions.

• Instructions with 32-bit absolute addressing, but with a relocation

which extends into the following instruction, cannot be valid.

• Fixed ROMTag detection with a NULL-pointer for the Init-code.

New features:

• Supports HUNK_RELRELOC32 and EXT_RELREF32 in executables and object files.

But cannot create labels for such references at this time.

INSTALLATION

Copy the binary for your architecture anywhere you want (e.g. C:) and rename

it into "ira".

ira_68k: IRA for AmigaOS2.x/3.x (680x0)

ira_os4: IRA for AmigaOS4.x (PPC)

ira_mos: IRA for MorphOS1.x/2.x (PPC)

SOURCE TEXT

Use "makefile" to compile the source with gcc on any architecture. It was

successfully tested on a Mac G4, Sun Sparcstation, an i386 system (all

running NetBSD kernels) and Win32 GNU.

• Use "Makefile" to compile IRA for any GNU tools.

• Use "Makefile.win32" to compile IRA for Windows (tested with VC6).

• Use "Makefile.osx" to compile IRA for Mac OS x.

• Use "Makefile.os3" to compile a native binary with vbcc for AmigaOS 2.x/3.x.

• Use "Makefile.os4" to compile a native binary with vbcc for AmigaOS4.x.

• Use "Makefile.mos" to compile a native binary with vbcc for MorphOS.

Note: On BSD systems use GNU's make command ("gmake") and not the

  native one ("make").

USAGE

The original IRA was tuned for PhxAss, which might still work. The

recommended assembler is vasm/M68k V1.7 or greater though, which you

should call with the -no-opt option to avoid optimizations, for the

generation of an identical binary.

Other assemblers like DevPac, Barfly and SNMA can assemble IRA output

without error, but do not generate identical code. All of them convert

ADD/SUB/CMP/AND/etc. into their immediate form (ADDI/SUBI/CMPI/ANDI/etc.)

when possible, and DevPac additionally swaps registers in EXG.

Example: I'm using the following commands to reassemble AmigaBASIC and

to assemble an identical binary with vasm. The config file was manually

adjusted by me to reflect all valid code regions (create a config file

with -preproc first), then duplicated as NewAmigaBASIC.cnf. The diff test

reports no differences!

ira -a -compat=bi -config -keepzh AmigaBASIC

vasmm68k_mot -no-opt -Fhunkexe -nosym -o NewAmigaBASIC AmigaBASIC.asm

ira -a -compat=bi -config -keepzh NewAmigaBASIC

diff -s AmigaBASIC.asm NewAmigaBASIC.asm

The option -compat=bi is needed to allow bad btst instructions which

access a bit number > 7 in a byte (b) and to recognize immediate byte

addressing modes with an MSB of 0xff (i), which both appear frequently

in the program. The -keepzh option preserves empty sections, so that the

number of sections stays the same as before.

Refer to ira.doc for the original IRA V1.xx documentation.

Refer to ira2.doc for IRA V2.xx documentation.

Refer to ira_config.doc for a description of config directives.

Note that IRA is no longer Shareware, but Freeware! The initial author,

Tim Ruehsen, should not be contacted, as he left the Amiga and stopped

working on IRA many years ago.

For bug reports, suggestions, etc. contact Frank Wille (frank at phoenix.owl.de).

Contents of dev/asm/ira.lha

PERMISSION  UID  GID    PACKED    SIZE  RATIO METHOD CRC     STAMP     NAME
---------- ----------- ------- ------- ------ ---------- ------------ ----------
[generic]                 5391   32477  16.6% -lh5- bd00 Aug 29  2021 ira/amiga_hunks.c
[generic]                 1767    4993  35.4% -lh5- 4799 Mar 15  2021 ira/amiga_hunks.h
[generic]                  242     401  60.3% -lh5- 9ccc Mar 21  2017 ira/atari.c
[generic]                  485    1120  43.3% -lh5- ab7b Mar 21  2017 ira/atari.h
[generic]                  685    1525  44.9% -lh5- 9631 Apr 23  2021 ira/binary.c
[generic]                  228     359  63.5% -lh5- fea1 Mar 21  2017 ira/binary.h
[generic]                 7734   47841  16.2% -lh5- 6b4a Mar 27  2022 ira/config.c
[generic]                  424    1037  40.9% -lh5- 630e Mar 21  2017 ira/config.h
[generic]                 6642   54269  12.2% -lh5- 2e45 Mar 15  2021 ira/constants.c
[generic]                  413     987  41.8% -lh5- 664a Mar 21  2017 ira/constants.h
[generic]                  239     389  61.4% -lh5- dd1f Mar 21  2017 ira/elf.c
[generic]                  621    1414  43.9% -lh5- 0a4c Mar 21  2017 ira/elf.h
[generic]                 4842   19716  24.6% -lh5- a9e1 Apr 27  2017 ira/init.c
[generic]                  340     607  56.0% -lh5- 6801 Mar 21  2017 ira/init.h
[generic]                26832  152979  17.5% -lh5- d55a Apr 23  2021 ira/ira.c
[generic]                 7330   18639  39.3% -lh5- 00f3 Apr  2  2009 ira/ira.doc
[generic]                 7579   31818  23.8% -lh5- 9c6e Apr  6  2020 ira/ira.h
[generic]                 5486   13068  42.0% -lh5- d418 Dec  6 18:08 ira/ira.readme
[generic]                 5158   13283  38.8% -lh5- 7739 Mar  6  2018 ira/ira2.doc
[generic]                 3884   17074  22.7% -lh5- 3056 Mar 12  2023 ira/ira_2.c
[generic]                  416     918  45.3% -lh5- 450d Jan 26  2020 ira/ira_2.h
[generic]                49261  110824  44.4% -lh5- 0164 Dec  4 16:47 ira/ira_68k
[generic]                 3299   12897  25.6% -lh5- 0cbf Mar  5  2018 ira/ira_config.doc
[generic]                60743  157600  38.5% -lh5- 05d6 Dec  4 16:46 ira/ira_mos
[generic]                63012  158064  39.9% -lh5- f5ec Dec  4 16:45 ira/ira_os4
[generic]                  581    1975  29.4% -lh5- 7fa1 Mar  6  2018 ira/make.rules
[generic]                  101     113  89.4% -lh5- 6ae5 May 31  2015 ira/Makefile
[generic]                  129     149  86.6% -lh5- 5f39 Jun  5  2009 ira/Makefile.mos
[generic]                  133     153  86.9% -lh5- 7a17 Aug 31  2013 ira/Makefile.os3
[generic]                  140     165  84.8% -lh5- f0d7 Jun  5  2009 ira/Makefile.os4
[generic]                  103     117  88.0% -lh5- 1319 Jan 20  2014 ira/Makefile.osx
[generic]                  239     336  71.1% -lh5- b04d Jul  2  2009 ira/Makefile.win32
[generic]                  549    1377  39.9% -lh5- 8fa3 Mar 13  2017 ira/megadrive.c
[generic]                  343     571  60.1% -lh5- 978a Mar 13  2017 ira/megadrive.h
[generic]                    0       0 ****** -lh0- 0000 Mar 29  2009 ira/obj/.dummy
[generic]                 1392    3365  41.4% -lh5- e0f0 Mar 13  2017 ira/opcode.c
[generic]                  294     498  59.0% -lh5- c1e3 Mar 13  2017 ira/opcode.h
[generic]                 1498    4750  31.5% -lh5- f278 Apr  2  2020 ira/supp.c
[generic]                  431    1032  41.8% -lh5- ddb6 Apr  2  2020 ira/supp.h
---------- ----------- ------- ------- ------ ---------- ------------ ----------
 Total        39 files  268986  868900  31.0%            Dec  7 03:34

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